Addendum to the previous answer: Rule: There is no accountability in the case of forgetfulness, error, or compulsion in all acts of worship, and there is no sin upon him and no expiation.
Machine translationRead the Arabic original
The Shaykh : It is an Islamic legal principle taken from the Book and the Sunnah, not from the saying of so-and-so and so-and-so. So let us look. Allah the Mighty and Majestic said at the end of Surat al-Baqarah. Please?
The questioner : ... .
The Shaykh : Yes, take a rest.[Al-Baqarah 2:286] So what did Allah say? Allah said, "I have done it. I will not hold you accountable if you forget or make a mistake." Praise be to Allah for His generosity and His blessings. I will not hold you accountable if you forget or make a mistake. And He said in Surat al-Ahzab, Complete it. [Al-Ahzab 33:5] Praise be to Allah. And He said regarding oaths, [Al-Ma'idah 5:89] And as for what you did not intend, there is nothing upon you from it. Good. This rule, we took it from the Book of so-and-so and so-and-so? From where did we take it? From the Book of Allah the Exalted. No one can oppose us because we did not say this is the saying of so-and-so and so-and-so, but we said this is the saying of Allah. And Allah the Exalted is the One to whom belongs the judgment, and to Him the judgment is referred. We do not judge the servants of Allah for a punishment or a penalty except from Allah. Pay attention, my brother, it is clear. Take the instances of this rule, take the instances of this rule, even if we lengthen it for you, will we not stop?
The questioner : ... .
The Shaykh : Good. A Bedouin entered the mosque of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), the most noble place on the face of the earth after the Sacred Mosque, and sat down to urinate. He was urinating in the mosque, and urinating in the mosques is forbidden, especially in the three mosques: the Sacred Mosque, the Prophet's Mosque, and the Al-Aqsa Mosque. The people called out to him and rebuked him, but the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), the Merciful to the believers, the Wise in his conduct, stopped them. He stopped them and said, meaning, do not cut off his urine. Let him finish his urine. Glory be to Allah, let him finish his urine in the mosque. Answer me, everyone. Yes, let him finish his urine. When he finished urinating, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Sunan Abi Dawud 380Sahih (Al-Albani) meaning, bring a bucket of water and pour it over the place. Did the place return to its original state of purity or not? Did it become pure or not? It became pure. Praise be to Allah, the harm is gone. Now, the Bedouin, the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) called him and said to him with gentle words. He said, or as he said. Look at the words. Did the Messenger rebuke him and scold him or not? No. Because what? Because he was ignorant. But the Bedouin preserved his own right and preserved the right of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). What did he say? He said: Sahih Ibn Khuzaymah 2:524 and do not show mercy to anyone with us. Be strict. But because Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) treated him with what? With gentleness and softness, and explaining the ruling and explaining the wisdom. And the others rebuked him and stopped him, so he said, "Do not show mercy to anyone with us." But we do not agree with the Bedouin on this. We say, "O Allah, have mercy on Muhammad, the Bedouin, and all the Companions, and have mercy on us with them, O Lord of the worlds." In any case, this is an indication that the ignorant person is to be treated with gentleness and softness.
Another example. Mu'awiyah ibn al-Hakam (may Allah be pleased with him), a Companion, entered with the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) to pray. A man from the group sneezed. When a person sneezs, he says, "Praise be to Allah," whether he is praying or not. If you sneeze, say, "Praise be to Allah," even if you are in prostration, bowing, standing, or sitting. The one who sneezed said, "Praise be to Allah." So Mu'awiyah said, "May Allah have mercy on you," because when your brother sneezes and says, "Praise be to Allah," it is obligatory for you to say, "May Allah have mercy on you." So Mu'awiyah performed the obligation. Mu'awiyah ibn al-Hakam is not Mu'awiyah ibn Abi Sufyan, the Caliph. Mu'awiyah ibn al-Hakam said, "May Allah have mercy on you." The people threw their looks at him. What does it mean that the people threw their looks at him? They looked at him with a look of anger because he said, "May Allah have mercy on you." Take a rest. The people threw their looks at him, disapproving of him. So he said, This is a word people say when they are distressed, like what people say now as a custom, "Woe to your mother." He said, "Woe to my mother." He spoke a second time, so the Companions began to strike their thighs to silence him. So he was silent. Now, how many times did he speak in the prayer? Twice. When the prayer was finished, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) called him. Mu'awiyah said, "I sacrifice my father and mother for him" And we say, "We sacrifice our fathers and mothers for him." Riyad as-Salihin 700 May Allah send blessings and peace upon him. or as he said. And then he scolded him, even though he spoke twice, but he was ignorant. Did he order him to repeat the prayer? No. Even though speech invalidates the prayer, the speech of humans, but he did not order him because he was ignorant. Is it clear, everyone? Do we take examples or is that not enough?
The questioner : ... .
The Shaykh : Good. In fasting. In fasting, Allah Blessed and Exalted is He said, meaning, the women. [Al-Baqarah 2:187] 'Adi ibn Hatim (may Allah be pleased with him) understood that the white thread meant the white rope and the black thread meant what? The black rope. So he took two ropes. Do you know what two ropes are? Two ropes.
The questioner : ... .
The Shaykh : Yes, you did well. Perfect. Two ropes means you tie the camels with them. He took two ropes, one black and one white, and put them under his pillow. And he kept eating and looking at the ropes. When the white became distinct from the black, he stopped. He stopped eating. When morning came, he informed the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). He said, "O Messenger of Allah, I was fasting, and I put two ropes under my pillow, one white and one black, and I kept eating until the white became distinct, so I stopped." What did the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) say to him? O my brothers, if only we would walk in the guidance of the Messenger in calling to the truth. He said to him in jest, How is that? The white thread is the whiteness of the day that filled the horizon, and the black is the darkness of the night that filled the horizon. And the pillow, is it small or large? Small. Does it hold them both? No. But the Messenger said to him, May Allah send blessings and peace upon him. Did he rebuke him? Yes. Did he say, "Why did you not stop eating when the dawn appeared, and then you ask?" He did not rebuke him. Because did he order him to fast, to repeat his fast? No. Because he was ignorant.
I will give you examples. Good. Another example in fasting, greater than this. A man came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) in Ramadan and said: And he knew that it was forbidden. When he said this to him, he said, Jami` at-Tirmidhi 724Sahih (Darussalam) How many things? Three. Freeing a slave. If he does not find one, fasting two consecutive months. If he cannot do that, feeding sixty poor people. He could not do any of them. And the man sat. Then dates were brought to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and the Messenger said to the man, "Take these dates and give them in charity. Give them in charity as expiation." He said, "O Messenger of Allah, is there anyone poorer than me? By Allah, there is no household between the two banks of the river poorer than me." Meaning, give them to me. The Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) laughed. How does this man come saying, "I am ruined" and he is afraid, and now he becomes greedy and says, "I am the one who refuses the dates"? The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) laughed until his ... He said, "Feed your family." So he returned to his family pleased, with dates for them, and they were hungry. If this had happened to us, meaning, if someone came to us saying that he had intercourse with his wife in Ramadan, I think what we would do? We would pounce on him first, then we would say, "You have the heavy expiation," and we would scare him with a heavy word, and then we would explain the expiation to him. No, it is not like that. A man came admitting his sin, seeking relief. We cannot pounce on him. This is not the way of da'wah. Rather, we explain the expiation to him. Question: A man performing 'Umrah here in Makkah, and his family is with him, and they are fasting. So he longed for his family during the day, so he had intercourse with her. So he came to ask. What do we say to him? We say, "There is nothing upon you, and repeat it a second time. There is no harm upon you, because the traveler is permitted to break his fast and have intercourse with his wife, and there is nothing upon you except making up the day only." Good. Do we take another example or is that not enough?
The questioner : ... .
The Shaykh : Good. How much is left here? Good. Now we say, everyone who does a prohibited, forbidden thing in worship, forgetting, or being ignorant, or being compelled, then there is nothing upon him. Good. A'ishah, the daughter of Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with them both) said, Did they eat during the day?
The questioner : ... .
The Shaykh : No. Do not say yes until you are certain. She said, Did they eat during the day or not? Glory be to Allah. Where did you learn that they ate during the day? Because of her saying, And the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) did not order them to make up the fast. He did not say, "Make it up." If making it up had been obligatory, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) would have informed them of it, because if it had been obligatory, it would have been from the Shari'ah of Allah, and the Shari'ah of Allah, Glorified and Exalted is He, it is obligatory for the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) to convey it to his Ummah. So when he did not order them to make it up, we knew that making it up is not obligatory. Why? Answer me, everyone. Why was making it up not obligatory for them?
The questioner : ... .
The Shaykh : Yes. Why? Just one of the three?
The questioner : ... .
The Shaykh : until the setting of the sun. That is good and valid because they were ignorant. Similarly, if a person gets up in the last part of the night and looks at his watch, is deceived by it, and does not know that the dawn has broken, so he continues to eat, and then the people call for the prayer, so he stops, is he required to make up that day or not? He is not required to, because he was ignorant. So take this rule.
The questioner : ... .
The Shaykh : Yes, take a rest.
Our Lord, do not impose blame upon us if we have forgotten or erred.
ربنا لا تؤاخذنا إن نسينا أو أخطأناand there is no burden on you
وليس عليكمblame upon you for that in which you have erred but [only for] what your hearts intended
جناح فيما أخطأتم به ولكن ما تعمدت قلوبكمAllah will not impose blame upon you for what is meaningless in your oaths, but He will impose blame upon you for [breaking] what you intended of oaths
لا يؤاخذكم الله باللغو في أيمانكم ولكن يؤاخذكم بما عقدتم الأيمانThe questioner : ... .
The Shaykh : Good. A Bedouin entered the mosque of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), the most noble place on the face of the earth after the Sacred Mosque, and sat down to urinate. He was urinating in the mosque, and urinating in the mosques is forbidden, especially in the three mosques: the Sacred Mosque, the Prophet's Mosque, and the Al-Aqsa Mosque. The people called out to him and rebuked him, but the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), the Merciful to the believers, the Wise in his conduct, stopped them. He stopped them and said,
Leave him, do not stop him.
دعوه لا تزرموهPour a bucket of water upon it.
أريقوا عليه سجلا من ماءIndeed, these mosques are not suitable for any kind of harm or filth; rather, they are for the glorification of Allah, prayer, and the recitation of the Qur'an.
إن هذه المساجد لا يصلح فيها شيء من الأذى أو القذر وإنما هي للتكبير والصلاة وقراءة القرآنO Allah, have mercy on me and on Muhammad, and do not have mercy on anyone with us.
اللهم ارحمني ومحمدا ولا ترحم معنا أحداAnother example. Mu'awiyah ibn al-Hakam (may Allah be pleased with him), a Companion, entered with the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) to pray. A man from the group sneezed. When a person sneezs, he says, "Praise be to Allah," whether he is praying or not. If you sneeze, say, "Praise be to Allah," even if you are in prostration, bowing, standing, or sitting. The one who sneezed said, "Praise be to Allah." So Mu'awiyah said, "May Allah have mercy on you," because when your brother sneezes and says, "Praise be to Allah," it is obligatory for you to say, "May Allah have mercy on you." So Mu'awiyah performed the obligation. Mu'awiyah ibn al-Hakam is not Mu'awiyah ibn Abi Sufyan, the Caliph. Mu'awiyah ibn al-Hakam said, "May Allah have mercy on you." The people threw their looks at him. What does it mean that the people threw their looks at him? They looked at him with a look of anger because he said, "May Allah have mercy on you." Take a rest. The people threw their looks at him, disapproving of him. So he said,
May my mother be bereaved of me
واثكل أمياهI have never before seen an instructor who gave better instruction than he, may my father and mother be sacrificed for him.
فبأبي هو وأمي ما رأيت معلما أحسن تعليما منهBy Allah, he did not make my face turn black, nor did he rebuke me. He did not make my face turn black with his countenance, nor did he rebuke me with his tongue. Rather, he said: "Indeed, this prayer is not suitable for any of the speech of people; rather, it is the glorification of Allah, the saying of Allahu Akbar, and the recitation of the Qur'an."
والله ما كهرني ولا نهرني ما كهرني بوجهه واكفهر ولا نهرني بلسانه وإنما قال إن هذه الصلاة لا يصلح فيها شيء من كلام الناس إنما هي التسبيح والتكبير وقراءة القرآنThe questioner : ... .
The Shaykh : Good. In fasting. In fasting, Allah Blessed and Exalted is He said,
So now have intercourse with them
فالآن باشروهنSo now, have relations with them and seek that which Allah has decreed for you. And eat and drink until the white thread of dawn becomes distinct to you from the black thread [of night]. Then complete the fast until the sunset.
فالآن باشروهن وابتغوا ما كتب الله لكم وكلوا واشربوا حتى يتبين لكم الخيط الأبيض من الخيط الأسود من الفجر ثم أتموا الصيام إلى الليلThe questioner : ... .
The Shaykh : Yes, you did well. Perfect. Two ropes means you tie the camels with them. He took two ropes, one black and one white, and put them under his pillow. And he kept eating and looking at the ropes. When the white became distinct from the black, he stopped. He stopped eating. When morning came, he informed the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). He said, "O Messenger of Allah, I was fasting, and I put two ropes under my pillow, one white and one black, and I kept eating until the white became distinct, so I stopped." What did the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) say to him? O my brothers, if only we would walk in the guidance of the Messenger in calling to the truth. He said to him in jest,
Indeed, your pillow is wide, if it could contain the white and the black.
إن وسادك لعريض أن وسع الخيط الأبيض والأسودIndeed, your pillow is wide, if it could contain the white and the black. That is the whiteness of the day and the blackness of the night.
إن وسادك لعريض أن وسع الخيط الأبيض والأسود ذلك بياض النهار وسواد الليلI will give you examples. Good. Another example in fasting, greater than this. A man came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) in Ramadan and said:
O Messenger of Allah, I am ruined, I am ruined. He said: What has ruined you? He said: I had intercourse with my wife in Ramadan while I was fasting.
يا رسول الله هلكت هلكت قال ما الذي أهلكك قال وقعت على امرأتي في رمضان وأنا صائمAre you able to free a slave?" He said, "No." He said: "Then are you able to fast for two consecutive months?" He said, "No." He said: "Then are you able to feed sixty needy people?" He said, "No."
هل تستطيع أن تعتق تجد رقبة قال لا تستطيع أن تصوم شهرين متتابعين قال لا تستطيع أن تطعم ستين مسكين قال لاThe questioner : ... .
The Shaykh : Good. How much is left here? Good. Now we say, everyone who does a prohibited, forbidden thing in worship, forgetting, or being ignorant, or being compelled, then there is nothing upon him. Good. A'ishah, the daughter of Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with them both) said,
We broke our fast on a cloudy day during the time of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), then the sun rose
أفطرنا في يوم غيم على عهد النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم ثم طلعت الشمسThe questioner : ... .
The Shaykh : No. Do not say yes until you are certain. She said,
We broke our fast on a cloudy day during the time of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), then the sun rose
أفطرنا في يوم غيم على عهد النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم ثم طلعت الشمسThen the sun rose.
ثم طلعت الشمسThe questioner : ... .
The Shaykh : Yes. Why? Just one of the three?
The questioner : ... .
The Shaykh : until the setting of the sun. That is good and valid because they were ignorant. Similarly, if a person gets up in the last part of the night and looks at his watch, is deceived by it, and does not know that the dawn has broken, so he continues to eat, and then the people call for the prayer, so he stops, is he required to make up that day or not? He is not required to, because he was ignorant. So take this rule.