"And I bear witness that there is no god but Allah alone, with no partner to Him"
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The Shaykh :"And I bear witness that there is no god but Allah alone, with no partner to Him" "I bear witness" means acknowledging with the tongue and believing in the heart. Both are necessary in the testimony: belief in the heart, and the heart is the mind, and acknowledgment with the tongue. If one acknowledges with his tongue while denying in his heart, the testimony does not benefit him, as is the case with the hypocrites. If he believes in his heart but does not speak it with his tongue, this indicates that his belief is defective; otherwise, his tongue would have spoken it. The first is a hypocrite, and the second is arrogant.
What did we say about "I bear witness"? We said: he acknowledges with the tongue and believes in the heart.
"There is no god but Allah alone, with no partner to Him." "There is no god but Allah" is a negation of the false gods. It requires a subject and a predicate. What is its subject? Its subject is "god," and its predicate is omitted. The implied meaning is "There is no true god but Allah." It is not correct for its predicate to be "Allah," because "la" (no) does not operate on definite nouns. Ibn Malik (may Allah have mercy on him) said:
"It operates if made for 'la' with an indefinite noun"
Therefore, it does not operate on definite nouns. So we say that the predicate must be omitted, with the implied meaning being "true," and "Allah" is a substitute for it.
"Allah" is a name for the essence of the Lord (Mighty and Majestic), and no one else is called by it.
"Alone, with no partner to Him" is an emphasis of the negation and the affirmation. His saying "Alone" is an emphasis of the affirmation, and "with no partner to Him" is an emphasis of the negation.
What did we say about "I bear witness"? We said: he acknowledges with the tongue and believes in the heart.
"There is no god but Allah alone, with no partner to Him." "There is no god but Allah" is a negation of the false gods. It requires a subject and a predicate. What is its subject? Its subject is "god," and its predicate is omitted. The implied meaning is "There is no true god but Allah." It is not correct for its predicate to be "Allah," because "la" (no) does not operate on definite nouns. Ibn Malik (may Allah have mercy on him) said:
"It operates if made for 'la' with an indefinite noun"
Therefore, it does not operate on definite nouns. So we say that the predicate must be omitted, with the implied meaning being "true," and "Allah" is a substitute for it.
"Allah" is a name for the essence of the Lord (Mighty and Majestic), and no one else is called by it.
"Alone, with no partner to Him" is an emphasis of the negation and the affirmation. His saying "Alone" is an emphasis of the affirmation, and "with no partner to Him" is an emphasis of the negation.