What are the things that break the fast in general?
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The questioner : In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
The questioner: I hope you will speak about the things that break the fast during the day in Ramadan, even if only in general terms?
The Shaykh : All right, the things that break the fast, meaning: the things that break the fast of the one fasting in Ramadan and outside of Ramadan. Allah mentioned three of them in the Qur'an:[Al-Baqarah 2:187] These are three: intercourse, eating, and drinking.
The apparent meaning of the noble verse is that there is no difference between the eating and drinking being beneficial or not beneficial, or harmful, because what is eaten and drunk is either beneficial or harmful or neither beneficial nor harmful, and all of them break the fast. So if a person swallows a bead from a prayer string, he breaks his fast with it, even if it does not benefit him. And if he smokes, he breaks his fast, even if it is harmful. And if he eats a date, he breaks his fast because it is beneficial, and the same is said regarding drinking.
The Sunnah came with vomiting. If a person vomits, he breaks his fast. But if the vomiting overcomes him, he does not break his fast.
The Sunnah came with cupping. If a person is cupped while he is fasting and blood comes out of him, he breaks his fast. These five are among the things that break the fast.
The scholars have included with this what is in the meaning of eating and drinking, such as nutritional injections. And the nutritional one is not the one that energizes the body or cures it of a disease. The nutritional one is the one that replaces eating and drinking. Based on this, all injections that do not replace eating and drinking do not break the fast, whether they are in the vein, the thigh, or any other place.
Likewise, the emission of semen with desire breaks the fast of the one fasting. The evidence is taken from his saying, peace and blessings be upon him, in the Qudsi hadith from Allah, Mighty and Majestic:Musannaf Ibn Abi Shaybah 3:27, and semen is from desire without doubt, due to the saying of the Messenger, peace and blessings be upon him: Sahih Muslim 1006, and what is placed is the semen; the man places it in the womb of the woman. For this reason, the Messenger, peace and blessings be upon him, moved away from his saying: when they said: , so he moved away from that to the placement. And based on this, the emission of semen with desire breaks the fast of the one fasting.
As for kissing the woman, even with desire, or the pre-seminal fluid, even if intentional, it does not break the fast of the one fasting, because that has not been established from the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him. And the original rule is that the fast is valid until it is established by a Shari'ah path that it is defective. For this reason, if someone were to say to us: this thing breaks the fast, what would we say to him?
The student: The evidence.
The Shaykh : We would say: bring the evidence, otherwise every person who does not like a thing would say: this breaks the fast.
And these are also the things that break the fast that we mentioned in general. These eight things that break the fast are general.
As for the coming out of menstrual blood and post-natal bleeding, this is specific to the woman. If menstrual blood comes out of her, even one minute before sunset, she breaks her fast, or post-natal bleeding. But if menstrual blood comes out after sunset, even for a moment, she does not break her fast.
And these things that break the fast also do not break the fast except with three conditions:
The first condition: knowledge.
The second: remembrance.
The third: choice.
The opposite of knowledge is ignorance. So if a person eats while he thinks that the dawn has not appeared, then it turns out that it has appeared, he has not broken his fast; his fasting is valid, because he did not know that the dawn had appeared. And if the sky was cloudy and it was his strong belief that the sun had set, and he ate and drank, then it turned out that it had not set, his fasting is valid, because he was not knowledgeable; he did not know that the day remained.
Likewise, if he is forgetful, he does not break his fast, and forgetfulness is the opposite of remembrance, because we said: knowing and remembering. What is the opposite of remembrance?
Forgetfulness. So if he eats or drinks while forgetful, his fast is valid, due to the hadith of Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him), that the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said:Sahih Muslim 1155.
The third: that he be intending—meaning: intending what he did. If he is forced, such as if a man forces his wife to have intercourse, and he has intercourse with her while she is fasting, then her fast is valid. Yes.
The questioner : Incense?
The Shaykh : Does incense break the fast? But do not inhale it.
The questioner: I hope you will speak about the things that break the fast during the day in Ramadan, even if only in general terms?
The Shaykh : All right, the things that break the fast, meaning: the things that break the fast of the one fasting in Ramadan and outside of Ramadan. Allah mentioned three of them in the Qur'an:
So now, have relations with them and seek that which Allah has decreed for you. And eat and drink
فَالْآنَ بَاشِرُوهُنَّ وَابْتَغُوا مَا كَتَبَ اللَّهُ لَكُمْ وَكُلُوا وَاشْرَبُواThe apparent meaning of the noble verse is that there is no difference between the eating and drinking being beneficial or not beneficial, or harmful, because what is eaten and drunk is either beneficial or harmful or neither beneficial nor harmful, and all of them break the fast. So if a person swallows a bead from a prayer string, he breaks his fast with it, even if it does not benefit him. And if he smokes, he breaks his fast, even if it is harmful. And if he eats a date, he breaks his fast because it is beneficial, and the same is said regarding drinking.
The Sunnah came with vomiting. If a person vomits, he breaks his fast. But if the vomiting overcomes him, he does not break his fast.
The Sunnah came with cupping. If a person is cupped while he is fasting and blood comes out of him, he breaks his fast. These five are among the things that break the fast.
The scholars have included with this what is in the meaning of eating and drinking, such as nutritional injections. And the nutritional one is not the one that energizes the body or cures it of a disease. The nutritional one is the one that replaces eating and drinking. Based on this, all injections that do not replace eating and drinking do not break the fast, whether they are in the vein, the thigh, or any other place.
Likewise, the emission of semen with desire breaks the fast of the one fasting. The evidence is taken from his saying, peace and blessings be upon him, in the Qudsi hadith from Allah, Mighty and Majestic:
He gives up his food and drink and his desire for My sake
يدع طعامه وشرابه وشهوته من أجليand in man's sexual Intercourse (with his wife, ) there is a Sadaqa. They (the Companions) said: Messenger of Allah, is there reward for him who satisfies his sexual passion among us? He said: Tell me, if he were to devote it to something forbidden, would it not be a sin on his part? Similarly, if he were to devote it to something lawful, he should have a reward.
وفي بُضع أحدكم صدقة قالوا: أو يأتي أحدنا شهوته ويكون له فيها أجر؟ قال: نعم، أرأيتم لو وضعها في الحرام أكان عليه وزر؟ فكذلك لو وضعها في الحلال كان له أجرDo you not think that if he placed it
أرأيتم لو وضعهاOr if one of us fulfills his desire
أو يأتي أحدنا شهوتهAs for kissing the woman, even with desire, or the pre-seminal fluid, even if intentional, it does not break the fast of the one fasting, because that has not been established from the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him. And the original rule is that the fast is valid until it is established by a Shari'ah path that it is defective. For this reason, if someone were to say to us: this thing breaks the fast, what would we say to him?
The student: The evidence.
The Shaykh : We would say: bring the evidence, otherwise every person who does not like a thing would say: this breaks the fast.
And these are also the things that break the fast that we mentioned in general. These eight things that break the fast are general.
As for the coming out of menstrual blood and post-natal bleeding, this is specific to the woman. If menstrual blood comes out of her, even one minute before sunset, she breaks her fast, or post-natal bleeding. But if menstrual blood comes out after sunset, even for a moment, she does not break her fast.
And these things that break the fast also do not break the fast except with three conditions:
The first condition: knowledge.
The second: remembrance.
The third: choice.
The opposite of knowledge is ignorance. So if a person eats while he thinks that the dawn has not appeared, then it turns out that it has appeared, he has not broken his fast; his fasting is valid, because he did not know that the dawn had appeared. And if the sky was cloudy and it was his strong belief that the sun had set, and he ate and drank, then it turned out that it had not set, his fasting is valid, because he was not knowledgeable; he did not know that the day remained.
Likewise, if he is forgetful, he does not break his fast, and forgetfulness is the opposite of remembrance, because we said: knowing and remembering. What is the opposite of remembrance?
Forgetfulness. So if he eats or drinks while forgetful, his fast is valid, due to the hadith of Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him), that the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said:
If anyone forgets that he is fasting and eats or drinks he should complete his fast, for it is only Allah Who has fed him and given him drink.
من نسي وهو صائم فأكل أو شرب فليتمّ صومه فإنّما أطعمه الله وسقاهThe third: that he be intending—meaning: intending what he did. If he is forced, such as if a man forces his wife to have intercourse, and he has intercourse with her while she is fasting, then her fast is valid. Yes.
The questioner : Incense?
The Shaykh : Does incense break the fast? But do not inhale it.