Exegesis of the saying of Allah the Exalted: "Thamud denied [their prophet] because of their transgression..." from Surat al-Shams.
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The Shaykh : Praise be to Allah, Lord of the worlds, and may Allah send prayers and blessings upon our Prophet Muhammad, and upon his family and his Companions, and upon those who follow them with excellence until the Day of Judgment.
As for what follows:
This is the seventy-fourth session of the gatherings that take place every Friday, and this is the twenty-fourth Friday of the month of Rabi' al-Thani, 1415. In this session, we complete the exegesis of Surat, having reached the saying of Allah, Blessed and Exalted is He:
Thus, Allah the Exalted said:
These people denied their prophet Salih, and their prophet Salih (peace and blessings be upon him), like the other prophets, called them to worship Allah alone, having no partner with Him, as Allah the Exalted said:[Al-Anbya 21:25] He called them to worship Allah alone, having no partner with Him, and Allah, Glorified and Exalted is He, gave him a sign indicating his prophethood, which was the great she-camel that would drink from the well one day and provide them with milk the next day.
Some scholars said: Whenever a person came and gave it a certain amount of water, it would give him milk in that same amount. However, what appears from the Qur'an is the opposite, due to the saying of Allah the Exalted:[Ash-Shu'ara 26:155] So the she-camel drinks from the well one day, then yields milk the next day. But did this sign benefit them? Listen to the saying of Allah the Exalted: Meaning: Because of their transgression and arrogance. The preposition "bi" here indicates causality, or because of their being transgressors, they denied the messenger. Meaning: He rushed forward, and meaning: The most wretched of Thamud, meaning the highest of them in wretchedness, and refuge is sought in Allah, intending to kill this she-camel. So Salih said to them: [Ash-Shams 91:13] He said to them, "The she-camel," meaning: Leave the she-camel of Allah, as He said in another verse: [Al-A'raf 7:73] Meaning: Leave the she-camel, do not kill it, do not harm it. But the result was the opposite. Meaning: They denied Salih and said: You are not a messenger. And so it is with all the messengers who were sent to their peoples; all the messengers sent to their peoples are accused of defects by their peoples, as Allah the Exalted said: [Adh-Dhariyat 51:52].
All the messengers were called sorcerers or madmen, as was said of the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him): That he is a lying sorcerer, a madman, a poet, a soothsayer. But do the bad titles that enemies assign to the close friends of Allah harm them? The answer is: No, they do not harm them; rather, they increase in elevation with Allah, Glorified and Exalted is He, and if they seek reward for it, they are rewarded for it. So He, Mighty and Majestic, says: Meaning: They gored the she-camel, and the goring led to their destruction. He said: [Ash-Shams 91:14] "Dammam" upon them means: He overwhelmed them and destroyed them, just as you say, "I dammam the well," meaning I covered it with earth. [Ash-Shams 91:14] Meaning: Because of their sins, for Allah, Glorified and Exalted is He, does not wrong people in anything, but people themselves wrong themselves. So sins are the cause of destruction, ruin, and corruption, as Allah, Blessed and Exalted is He, said: [Ar-Rum 30:41] And He said: [Al-Isra 17:16] And Allah the Exalted addressed the noblest of creation and the best of generations: [Ali 'Imran 3:165].
So a person is afflicted with calamities from himself. Therefore, He said:[Ash-Shams 91:14] Meaning: Because of their sin. Meaning: It overwhelmed them with destruction until none of them remained, and they became prostrate in their dwellings.
He said:[Ash-Shams 91:15] Meaning: That Allah the Exalted does not fear the consequences of those whom He punished, nor does He fear their repercussions, for He has sovereignty and everything is in His hand, unlike other kings. If kings prevail over others or punish others, you find them in fear, worrying that the tables will be turned on them. But Allah, Mighty and Majestic, is [Ash-Shams 91:15] Meaning: He does not fear the consequences of those He punished, for He, Glorified and Exalted is He, has all sovereignty and all praise.
So, Glorified and Exalted is He, how great He is and how majestic is His power. Let us stop at the end of this surah so that we may devote ourselves to the questions, and we ask Allah the Exalted to grant us success in giving the correct answer.
As for what follows:
This is the seventy-fourth session of the gatherings that take place every Friday, and this is the twenty-fourth Friday of the month of Rabi' al-Thani, 1415. In this session, we complete the exegesis of Surat
By the sun and its brightness
وّالشَّمْسِ وَضُحَاهَاThamud denied [their prophet] because of their transgression
كَذَّبَتْ ثَمُودُ بِطَغْوَاهَاThamud denied [their prophet] because of their transgression, when their most wretched one set out
كَذَّبَتْ ثَمُودُ بِطَغْوَاهَا * إِذْ انْبَعَثَ أَشْقَاهَاThamud denied [their prophet]
كَذَّبَتْ ثَمُودُThese people denied their prophet Salih, and their prophet Salih (peace and blessings be upon him), like the other prophets, called them to worship Allah alone, having no partner with Him, as Allah the Exalted said:
And We sent not before you any messenger except that We revealed to him that, "There is no deity except Me, so worship Me."
وَمَا أَرْسَلْنَا مِنْ قَبْلِكَ مِنْ رَسُولٍ إِلَّا نُوحِي إِلَيْهِ أَنَّهُ لا إِلَهَ إِلَّا أَنَا فَاعْبُدُونِSome scholars said: Whenever a person came and gave it a certain amount of water, it would give him milk in that same amount. However, what appears from the Qur'an is the opposite, due to the saying of Allah the Exalted:
For her is a [time of] drink, and for you is a [time of] drink, [each] on a known day.
لَهَا شِرْبٌ وَلَكُمْ شِرْبُ يَوْمٍ مَعْلُومٍThamud denied [their prophet] because of their transgression
كَذَّبَتْ ثَمُودُ بِطَغْوَاهَاWhen their most wretched one set out
إِذْ انْبَعَثَ أَشْقَاهَاSet out
انْبَعَثَTheir most wretched one
أَشْقَاهَاthe she-camel of Allah or [prevent her from] her drink."
نَاقَةَ اللَّهِ وَسُقْيَاهَاSo leave her to eat within Allah 's land
فَذَرُوهَا تَأْكُلْ فِي أَرْضِ اللَّهِSo they denied him
فَكَذَّبُوهُSimilarly, there came not to those before them any messenger except that they said, "A magician or a madman."
كَذَلِكَ مَا أَتَى الَّذِينَ مِنْ قَبْلِهِمْ مِنْ رَسُولٍ إِلَّا قَالُوا سَاحِرٌ أَوْ مَجْنُونٌAll the messengers were called sorcerers or madmen, as was said of the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him): That he is a lying sorcerer, a madman, a poet, a soothsayer. But do the bad titles that enemies assign to the close friends of Allah harm them? The answer is: No, they do not harm them; rather, they increase in elevation with Allah, Glorified and Exalted is He, and if they seek reward for it, they are rewarded for it. So He, Mighty and Majestic, says:
So they denied him and slaughtered it
فَكَذَّبُوهُ فَعَقَرُوهَاSo their Lord brought down upon them destruction for their sin and made it equal [upon all of them].
فَدَمْدَمَ عَلَيْهِمْ رَبُّهُمْ بِذَنْبِهِمْ فَسَوَّاهَاSo their Lord brought down upon them destruction for their sin
فَدَمْدَمَ عَلَيْهِمْ رَبُّهُمْ بِذَنْبِهِمْCorruption has appeared throughout the land and sea by [reason of] what the hands of people have earned so He may let them taste part of [the consequence of] what they have done that perhaps they will return [to righteousness].
ظَهَرَ الْفَسَادُ فِي الْبَرِّ وَالْبَحْرِ بِمَا كَسَبَتْ أَيْدِي النَّاسِ لِيُذِيقَهُمْ بَعْضَ الَّذِي عَمِلُوا لَعَلَّهُمْ يَرْجِعُونَAnd when We intend to destroy a city, We command its affluent but they defiantly disobey therein; so the word comes into effect upon it, and We destroy it with [complete] destruction.
وَإِذَا أَرَدْنَا أَنْ نُهْلِكَ قَرْيَةً أَمَرْنَا مُتْرَفِيهَا فَفَسَقُوا فِيهَا فَحَقَّ عَلَيْهَا الْقَوْلُ فَدَمَّرْنَاهَا تَدْمِيراًWhy [is it that] when a [single] disaster struck you [on the day of Uhud], although you had struck [the enemy in the battle of Badr] with one twice as great, you said, "From where is this?" Say, "It is from yourselves."
أَوَلَمَّا أَصَابَتْكُمْ مُصِيبَةٌ قَدْ أَصَبْتُمْ مِثْلَيْهَا قُلْتُمْ أَنَّى هَذَا قُلْ هُوَ مِنْ عِنْدِ أَنْفُسِكُمْSo a person is afflicted with calamities from himself. Therefore, He said:
their Lord brought down upon them destruction for their sin
دَمْدَمَ عَلَيْهِمْ رَبُّهُمْ بِذَنْبِهِمْAnd He leveled them
فَسَوَّاهَاHe said:
And He does not fear the consequence thereof.
وَلا يَخَافُ عُقْبَاهَاAnd He does not fear the consequence thereof.
لا يَخَافُ عُقْبَاهَاSo, Glorified and Exalted is He, how great He is and how majestic is His power. Let us stop at the end of this surah so that we may devote ourselves to the questions, and we ask Allah the Exalted to grant us success in giving the correct answer.