The Book of Mosques and Places of Prayer-03b
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The reciter: Muhammad ibn 'Abbad narrated to us, Hattam—namely, ibn Isma'il—narrated to us from Ya'qub ibn Mujahid from Ibn Abi 'Utaiq, who said: .
The Shaykh : This hadith contains an addition to what came before, namely his saying: "nor when the two worst things are struggling within him." The two worst things are urine and feces. The wording indicates that he is in a state of extreme urgency, not merely feeling a slight urge to relieve himself and thereby missing the prayer. Rather, if he is struggling with it to the extent that he is like a man being attacked by a wild beast that is struggling with him, then he does not pray. If someone were to say: His excuse for missing the congregation in that case is clear, but is he excused regarding the time, such that we tell him to go and relieve himself and then pray, even if the time has passed? The scholars have two opinions on this. The first opinion is that he is not excused for delaying the prayer beyond its time for this reason. The second opinion is that he is excused, and the second is the choice of the Shaykh al-Islam Ibn Taymiyyah (may Allah have mercy on him). He said: This—meaning the struggle of the two worst things—should cause one to be completely negligent of the prayer, and the prayer should be like mere actions without substance. However, the precaution is to be patient and pray, because taking it out of its time is among the major sins, except for a known excuse that saves a person from being questioned on the Day of Resurrection.
I was conversing with al-Qasim in the presence of 'A'ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) about a hadith. Al-Qasim was a man of lowly origin, the son of a slave woman. 'A'ishah said to him, "Why do you not narrate as this cousin of mine does? I know where you got this from. His mother taught him manners, and your mother taught you manners." Al-Qasim became angry and glared at her. When he saw that 'A'ishah's table had been brought in, he stood up. She said, "Where are you going?" He said, "I am going to pray." She said, "Sit down." He said, "I am going to pray." She said, "Sit down. You are being treacherous. I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) say: There is no prayer in the presence of food, nor when the two worst things are struggling within him."
تحدثت أنا والقاسم عند عائشة رضي الله عنها حديثا وكان القاسم رجلا لحانة وكان لأم ولد فقالت له عائشة ما لك لا تحدث كما يتحدث بن أخي هذا أما إني قد علمت من أين أتيت، هذا أدبته أمه وأنت أدبتك أمك قال فغضب القاسم وأضب عليها فلما رأى مائدة عائشة قد أتي بها قام قالت أين قال أصلي قالت اجلس قال إني أصلي قالت اجلس غدر إني سمعت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يقول : لا صلاة بحضرة الطعام ولا هو يدافعه الأخبثانThe Shaykh : This hadith contains an addition to what came before, namely his saying: "nor when the two worst things are struggling within him." The two worst things are urine and feces. The wording