The Book of Mosques and Places of Prayer-09a
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The reciter: And Ishaq ibn Musa al-Ansari narrated to me, saying: He narrated to us, saying: Malik narrated to us from Abdullah ibn Yazid, the freed slave of al-Aswad ibn Sufyan, from Abu Salmah ibn Abd al-Rahman and Muhammad ibn Abd al-Rahman ibn Thawban, from Abu Hurayrah, that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Sahih Muslim 617b.
The Shaykh : And know that what the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) mentioned is from the knowledge of the unseen, which cannot be grasped by the intellect. The astronomers now realize, based on the nature of the sun, that the cause of cold and heat is something else. The cause of heat and its intensity is that the sun rises high above the heads and its rays become vertical, so its heat affects the earth more than when it is sideways and descends toward the south in the northern part of the earth, or toward the north in the southern part of the earth. It is said that combining the two is possible: it is possible that Allah (Mighty and Majestic) increases the blaze of the sun at this time on this side of the earth, beyond what is obtained from the heat of fire, or increases its coldness beyond what is obtained from the bitter cold on this side of the earth, and there is no objection to this. Otherwise, it is known that if the heat becomes intense in the northern hemisphere of the earth, the cold will become intense in the southern hemisphere. This is an observed phenomenon. However, it is said that there is no objection to the matter having two causes: a natural cause and a religious cause, which is not known except through revelation. For example, the eclipse has natural causes and religious causes. The religious cause is that Allah frightens the servants with it, and the natural cause is known: the cause of the lunar eclipse is the interposition of the earth between it and the sun, and the cause of the solar eclipse is the interposition of the moon between it and the earth. And with this, we say that the two causes do not conflict. Whoever is a believer believes in both matters, and whoever is not a believer dismisses the religious causes and relies on the natural cosmic causes. As for us, we believe, if Allah wills, in both matters: the religious cause and the natural astronomical cause.
When it is hot, make delay (in the noon prayer) till it cools down, for the intensity of beat is from the Exhalation of Hell; and he also mentioned that Hellfire complained to the Lord (about the congested atmosphere) and so it was permitted to take two exhalations during the whole year, one exhalation during the winter and one exhalation during the summer.
إذا كان الحر فأبردوا عن الصلاة فإن شدة الحر من فيح جهنم وذكر أن النار اشتكت إلى ربها فأذن لها في كل عام بنفسين نفس في الشتاء ونفس في الصيفThe Shaykh : And know that what the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) mentioned is from the knowledge of the unseen, which cannot be grasped by the intellect. The astronomers now realize, based on the nature of the sun, that the cause of cold and heat is something else. The cause of heat and its intensity is that the sun rises high above the heads and its rays become vertical, so its heat affects the earth more than when it is sideways and descends toward the south in the northern part of the earth, or toward the north in the southern part of the earth. It is said that combining the two is possible: it is possible that Allah (Mighty and Majestic) increases the blaze of the sun at this time on this side of the earth, beyond what is obtained from the heat of fire, or increases its coldness beyond what is obtained from the bitter cold on this side of the earth, and there is no objection to this. Otherwise, it is known that if the heat becomes intense in the northern hemisphere of the earth, the cold will become intense in the southern hemisphere. This is an observed phenomenon. However, it is said that there is no objection to the matter having two causes: a natural cause and a religious cause, which is not known except through revelation. For example, the eclipse has natural causes and religious causes. The religious cause is that Allah frightens the servants with it, and the natural cause is known: the cause of the lunar eclipse is the interposition of the earth between it and the sun, and the cause of the solar eclipse is the interposition of the moon between it and the earth. And with this, we say that the two causes do not conflict. Whoever is a believer believes in both matters, and whoever is not a believer dismisses the religious causes and relies on the natural cosmic causes. As for us, we believe, if Allah wills, in both matters: the religious cause and the natural astronomical cause.