What is the authenticity of the hadith: “My ummah is excused for mistakes, forgetfulness, and what they are coerced into”?
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The questioner : He says: Sunan Ibn Majah 2045Sahih (Darussalam) Is this a hadith? And if it is authentic, what is its grade?
The Shaykh : Praise be to Allah, Lord of the worlds, and I send prayers and peace upon our Prophet Muhammad, and upon his family and his Companions, and upon those who follow them with excellence until the Day of Judgment:
This hadith is authentic in meaning, even if there is something in its chain of narration, but texts from the Book and the Sunnah corroborate it. Mistakes are excused, and a person is excused for them, based on the saying of Allah, Blessed and Exalted is He:[Al-Baqarah 2:286] Allah said: .
Likewise, forgetfulness is covered by this verse, and likewise coercion, based on the saying of Allah, Blessed and Exalted is He:[An-Nahl 16:106] These are general texts that encompass every instance of mistake, forgetfulness, or coercion.
There are also specific texts that clarify this, among which is:
What is established in Sahih al-Bukhari from Asma bint Abi Bakr (may Allah be pleased with her and her father): because they broke their fast based on a mistaken assumption.
Likewise, 'Adi ibn Hatim (may Allah be pleased with him) used to eat the pre-dawn meal, and he had placed two cords under his pillow, one black and the other white. He kept eating until the white cord became distinct from the black cord, and then he stopped. He informed the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) of this, and the Prophet did not order him to make up the fast.
And in the authentic hadith of Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him), the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) said:Sahih Ibn Khuzaymah 5:95.
Therefore, mistakes, forgetfulness, and coercion are all excused in this Shari'ah, which is easy and facilitates matters. We ask Allah the Exalted to increase our adherence to it and steadfastness upon it until death.
However, what is forgotten from the obligatory duties must be made up if its time has not passed. If a person forgets to pray, he must pray it when he remembers, based on the saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family): من نام عن صلاة أو نسيها فليصلها إذا ذكرها لا كفارة لها إلا ذلك ثم تلا قوله تعالى : وَأَقِمِ الصَّلاةَ لِذِكْرِي Whoever sleeps through a prayer or forgets it, let him pray it when he remembers it. There is no expiation for it except that. Then he recited the saying of Allah: “And establish prayer for My remembrance.”.
The questioner : May Allah bless you.
Allah has forgiven my nation for mistakes and forgetfulness, and what they are forced to do.
عفي عن أمتي الخطأ والنسيان وما استكرهوا عليهThe Shaykh : Praise be to Allah, Lord of the worlds, and I send prayers and peace upon our Prophet Muhammad, and upon his family and his Companions, and upon those who follow them with excellence until the Day of Judgment:
This hadith is authentic in meaning, even if there is something in its chain of narration, but texts from the Book and the Sunnah corroborate it. Mistakes are excused, and a person is excused for them, based on the saying of Allah, Blessed and Exalted is He:
Our Lord, do not impose blame upon us if we have forgotten or erred.
رَبَّنَا لا تُؤَاخِذْنَا إِنْ نَسِينَا أَوْ أَخْطَأْنَاHe has done so
قد فعلتLikewise, forgetfulness is covered by this verse, and likewise coercion, based on the saying of Allah, Blessed and Exalted is He:
Whoever disbelieves in Allah after his belief... except for one who is forced [to renounce his religion] while his heart is secure in faith. But those who [willingly] open their breasts to disbelief, upon them is wrath from Allah, and for them is a great punishment;
مَنْ كَفَرَ بِاللَّهِ مِنْ بَعْدِ إِيمَانِهِ إِلَّا مَنْ أُكْرِهَ وَقَلْبُهُ مُطْمَئِنٌّ بِالإِيمَانِ وَلَكِنْ مَنْ شَرَحَ بِالْكُفْرِ صَدْرًا فَعَلَيْهِمْ غَضَبٌ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَلَهُمْ عَذَابٌ عَظِيمٌThere are also specific texts that clarify this, among which is:
What is established in Sahih al-Bukhari from Asma bint Abi Bakr (may Allah be pleased with her and her father):
The people broke their fast on a cloudy day during the time of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family), and then the sun appeared, and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) did not order them to make up the fast.
أن الناس أفطروا في يوم غيم على عهد رسول الله صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم ثم طلعت الشمس ولم يأمرهم النبي صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم بالقضاءLikewise, 'Adi ibn Hatim (may Allah be pleased with him) used to eat the pre-dawn meal, and he had placed two cords under his pillow, one black and the other white. He kept eating until the white cord became distinct from the black cord, and then he stopped. He informed the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) of this, and the Prophet did not order him to make up the fast.
And in the authentic hadith of Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him), the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) said:
Whoever forgets while fasting and eats or drinks, let him complete his fast, for it is only that Allah has fed him and given him drink.
من نسي وهو صائم فأكل وشرب فليتم صومه، فإنما أطعمه الله وسقاهTherefore, mistakes, forgetfulness, and coercion are all excused in this Shari'ah, which is easy and facilitates matters. We ask Allah the Exalted to increase our adherence to it and steadfastness upon it until death.
However, what is forgotten from the obligatory duties must be made up if its time has not passed. If a person forgets to pray, he must pray it when he remembers, based on the saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family): من نام عن صلاة أو نسيها فليصلها إذا ذكرها لا كفارة لها إلا ذلك ثم تلا قوله تعالى : وَأَقِمِ الصَّلاةَ لِذِكْرِي Whoever sleeps through a prayer or forgets it, let him pray it when he remembers it. There is no expiation for it except that. Then he recited the saying of Allah: “And establish prayer for My remembrance.”.
The questioner : May Allah bless you.