Commentary on Tafsir al-Jalalayn: “But as for those who fear their Lord” by obeying Him, “for them are rooms above which are rooms, built, through which rivers flow”
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He said [Ali 'Imran 3:198] by obeying Him. The author (may Allah have mercy on him) or the commentator (may Allah have mercy on him) indicated that taqwa is obedience. This is the most comprehensive statement regarding taqwa: that it is obedience to Allah (Mighty and Majestic) by fulfilling His commands and avoiding His prohibitions, because He commands and prohibits not for His own desire. Therefore, one who obeys Allah merely for his own desire is not like one who obeys Allah because Allah commanded or prohibited. Many people obey Allah because their souls desire it, but true obedience is that in which the motive is fulfilling Allah’s command, leaving off what is prohibited, and doing what is commanded. He said indicating that their taqwa is based on a foundation, indicating that their taqwa for Allah is based on a foundation because He is their Lord. Lordship here includes both divine decree lordship and legislative lordship, because Allah is the Lord, the Owner of the entire universe in terms of decree, and the Owner of the ruling in terms of legislation. So they fear their Lord because He is the One who created them, provided for them, prepared them, and sustained them. They worship their Lord because He is the Ruler among them, the One who commands them and prohibits them, so they carry out His command and leave off His prohibition. [Az-Zumar 39:20] Ghuruf is the plural of ghurfah, and a ghurfah is a high building. A high building, if it is on the lower level, is called a room (hujrah), and if it is above, it is called a ghurfah. So a high building is called a ghurfah. These ghuruf are ghuruf built. He says [Az-Zumar 39:20] meaning levels and images, high and towering, built from what? From bricks of gold and silver. Two gardens of gold, their vessels and what is in them, and two gardens of silver, their vessels and what is in them. These rooms built of gold and silver are also not like the shine and attractive beauty seen in this world, but they are more intense and greater. We cannot imagine the beauty of these rooms or their building materials at all. Why? Because Allah says [As-Sajdah 32:17] and He says in the Holy Hadith: “I have prepared for My righteous servants what no eye has seen, no ear has heard, and what has not occurred to the heart of any human being”. It, meaning Paradise, does not contain anything from this world except?
The student: The names
The Shaykh : The names are the same, but the realities differ greatly. There are grapes, dates, and pomegranates, but they are not like what we have in this world. No, they are something that the human mind cannot conceive. This Paradise is prepared for the righteous who feared their Lord, as Allah the Exalted said:[Ali 'Imran 3:136] [Ali 'Imran 3:133] The effort is easy and the reward is great. But the effort is easy, my brothers, for those whom Allah makes it easy for, and Allah makes it easy for those who are sincere in their intention to turn to Allah and do not rely upon this world, for relying upon this world, especially for one whom Allah has granted knowledge, is humiliation and degradation. [Al-A'raf 7:175-176] And the parable is the lowest of parables: [Al-A'raf 7:176] and so on to the end. So we say that these rooms which Allah has prepared for the righteous who were sincere in their intention to Allah, hoping to attain His reward, and who do not perform an act of obedience except while believing that it has a reward in this Paradise, because this belief and this feeling compel you to excel in worship. If you know that no act of worship you perform is except for the sake of attaining this reward, will you not? What? You will strive in the work and perfect the work. [Az-Zumar 39:20] It flows from beneath them, meaning from beneath these upper rooms, and beneath them are the rivers, the plural of river, or river, because the river or river whose second letter is a guttural consonant allows the second letter to be either sukun or fathah, so you say river and river, and sea and sea. Here we say rivers, the plural of river, and they are of four types, which Allah the Exalted mentioned in Surat al-Qital, so He said: [Muhammad 47:15] Read, my son.
The student: فيها أنهارمن ماء غير آسن وأنهار ...
الشيخ : وأنهار من لبن لم يتغير طعمه قبلها
الطالب: وأنهار من لبن لم يتغير طعمه وأنهار من خمر لذة للشاربين وأنهار من عسل مصفى
الشيخ : نعم هذه أربعة أنواع فيها أنهار من ماء غير آسن يعنى غير قابل لأن يكون آسن والآسن هو المتغير وأنتم تعلمون أن الماء إذ إذا بقى فى الإناء مدة أو فى مقره فى البئر مدة فإنه يتغير وأنهارمن لبن لم يتغير طعمه وأنهار من خمر لذة للشاربين ولا فيها سكر وأنهار من عسل مصفى أنهار ما هى تحلب من الضروع نعم ولا تأتى من نحل أنهار تمشى على الأرض تجرى ووقد جاء فى الأثر أنها تجرى بلا أخدود تعرفون الأخدود ؟ إيش تسمونها
الطالب : ...مجرى
الشيخ : إيه تبقى مجارى أي على وجه الارض لا تحتاج إلى حفر سواقى ولا إلى جدارن تمنع سيلان الماء بل هى تجرى بدون شىء وورد أيضا أنها تجرى باختيار الإنسان يوجه النهر حيث شاء ويمسكه حيث شاء ، و لأن الله يقول و فيها ما تشتهى الانفس وتلذ الأعين وأنتم فيها خالدون نسأل الله أن يجعلنا وإياكم منهم
الطالب : شيخ
الشيخ : نعم نعم
In it are rivers of water, not altered in taste, and rivers ... The Shaykh: And rivers of milk, not changed in taste. Before him, the student: And rivers of milk, not changed in taste, and rivers of wine, a delight for those who drink, and rivers of honey, clarified. The Shaykh: Yes, these are four types. In it are rivers of water, not altered in taste, meaning not susceptible to becoming stale, and stale is that which has changed. And you know that water, if it remains in a vessel for a period, or in its place in a well for a period, it changes. And rivers of milk, not changed in taste, and rivers of wine, a delight for those who drink, and there is no intoxication in it, and rivers of honey, clarified. These rivers are not milked from udders, no, nor do they come from bees. These rivers walk on the earth, flowing. And it has come in a report that they flow without channels. Do you know a channel? What do you call it? The student: ... A course. The Shaykh: Yes, so they are courses, meaning on the surface of the earth, they do not need digging of canals or walls to prevent the flow of water, but they flow without anything. And it was also reported that they flow by the choice of the person; he directs the river where he wishes and holds it where he wishes. And because Allah says: "And therein is what the souls desire and what delights the eyes, and you will abide therein forever." We ask Allah to make us and you among them. The student: Shaykh. The Shaykh: Yes, yes.
But those who feared their Lord
لكن الذين اتقوا ربهمBut as for those who fear their Lord
لكن الذين اتقو ربهمFear their Lord
اتقو ربهمfor them are chambers, above them chambers built high
لهم غرف من فوقها غرف مبنيةabove them chambers built high
من فوقها غرف مبنيةAnd no soul knows what has been hidden for them of comfort for eyes as reward for what they used to do.
فلا تعلم نفس ما أخفى لهم من قرة أعين جزاءبما كانوا يعملونThe student: The names
The Shaykh : The names are the same, but the realities differ greatly. There are grapes, dates, and pomegranates, but they are not like what we have in this world. No, they are something that the human mind cannot conceive. This Paradise is prepared for the righteous who feared their Lord, as Allah the Exalted said:
Those - their reward is forgiveness from their Lord and gardens beneath which rivers flow [in Paradise], wherein they will abide eternally; and excellent is the reward of the [righteous] workers.
وجنات تجرى من تحتها الأنهار أعدت للمتقينAnd hasten to forgiveness from your Lord and a garden as wide as the heavens and earth, prepared for the righteous
وسارعوا الى مغفرة من ربكم وجنة عرضها السموات والارض أعدت للمتقين(175) And recite to them, [O Muhammad], the news of him to whom we gave [knowledge of] Our signs, but he detached himself from them; so Satan pursued him, and he became of the deviators. (176) And if We had willed, we could have elevated him thereby, but he adhered [instead] to the earth and followed his own desire. So his example is like that of the dog: if you chase him, he pants, or if you leave him, he [still] pants. That is the example of the people who denied Our signs. So relate the stories that perhaps they will give thought.
وإتل عليه نبأ الذى آتيناه آياتنا فانسلخ منها فأتبعه الشيطان فكان من الغاوين *ولو شئنا لرفعناه بها ولكنه أخلد إلى الأرض واتبع هواهSo his example is like that of the dog: if you chase him, he pants, or if you leave him, he [still] pants. That is the example of the people who denied Our signs
فمثله كمثل الكلب إن تحمل عليه يلهث أو تتركه يلهث ذلك مثل القوم الذين كذبوا بآياتناSo relate the stories.
فاقصص القصصfor them are chambers, above them chambers built high, beneath which rivers flow
لهم غرف من فوقها غرف مبنيه تجرى من تحتها الانهارIs the description of Paradise, which the righteous are promised, wherein are rivers
مثل الجنة التى وعد المتقون فيها أنهارThe student: فيها أنهارمن ماء غير آسن وأنهار ...
الشيخ : وأنهار من لبن لم يتغير طعمه قبلها
الطالب: وأنهار من لبن لم يتغير طعمه وأنهار من خمر لذة للشاربين وأنهار من عسل مصفى
الشيخ : نعم هذه أربعة أنواع فيها أنهار من ماء غير آسن يعنى غير قابل لأن يكون آسن والآسن هو المتغير وأنتم تعلمون أن الماء إذ إذا بقى فى الإناء مدة أو فى مقره فى البئر مدة فإنه يتغير وأنهارمن لبن لم يتغير طعمه وأنهار من خمر لذة للشاربين ولا فيها سكر وأنهار من عسل مصفى أنهار ما هى تحلب من الضروع نعم ولا تأتى من نحل أنهار تمشى على الأرض تجرى ووقد جاء فى الأثر أنها تجرى بلا أخدود تعرفون الأخدود ؟ إيش تسمونها
الطالب : ...مجرى
الشيخ : إيه تبقى مجارى أي على وجه الارض لا تحتاج إلى حفر سواقى ولا إلى جدارن تمنع سيلان الماء بل هى تجرى بدون شىء وورد أيضا أنها تجرى باختيار الإنسان يوجه النهر حيث شاء ويمسكه حيث شاء ، و لأن الله يقول و فيها ما تشتهى الانفس وتلذ الأعين وأنتم فيها خالدون نسأل الله أن يجعلنا وإياكم منهم
الطالب : شيخ
الشيخ : نعم نعم
In it are rivers of water, not altered in taste, and rivers ... The Shaykh: And rivers of milk, not changed in taste. Before him, the student: And rivers of milk, not changed in taste, and rivers of wine, a delight for those who drink, and rivers of honey, clarified. The Shaykh: Yes, these are four types. In it are rivers of water, not altered in taste, meaning not susceptible to becoming stale, and stale is that which has changed. And you know that water, if it remains in a vessel for a period, or in its place in a well for a period, it changes. And rivers of milk, not changed in taste, and rivers of wine, a delight for those who drink, and there is no intoxication in it, and rivers of honey, clarified. These rivers are not milked from udders, no, nor do they come from bees. These rivers walk on the earth, flowing. And it has come in a report that they flow without channels. Do you know a channel? What do you call it? The student: ... A course. The Shaykh: Yes, so they are courses, meaning on the surface of the earth, they do not need digging of canals or walls to prevent the flow of water, but they flow without anything. And it was also reported that they flow by the choice of the person; he directs the river where he wishes and holds it where he wishes. And because Allah says: "And therein is what the souls desire and what delights the eyes, and you will abide therein forever." We ask Allah to make us and you among them. The student: Shaykh. The Shaykh: Yes, yes.