Continuation of the interpretation of the verse: “O you who believe! It is not lawful for you to inherit women against their will, nor to oppress them…”

Continuation of the interpretation of the noble verse: .
Then Allah, Mighty and Majestic, said: It has been established for us that if an address begins with a call, it is evidence of its importance and the care taken with it. It has also been established that if it begins with this description, it is evidence that fulfilling it is among the implications of faith, and that opposing it is a deficiency in faith. It has also been established that it contains evidence of incitement to a thing, meaning urging toward a thing, due to His saying: As if He is inciting them to accept what will be directed to them, because if a description is mentioned in a way that stirs a person, this is incitement to it, just as you would say: “O you noble one, do not be stingy with the guest,” or “O you man, do not be overcome like women.” This causes a person to be stirred up until he prevails. He says: The negation of lawfulness implies prohibition, and the One who makes things lawful and the One who forbids them is Allah, Mighty and Majestic. Therefore… [He does so] by prohibition and sometimes by negating lawfulness. In this verse, He said: And after it will come verses explicitly stating prohibition in His saying: , He says: meaning against their will, such that they do not consent to it, and you are forcing them into this inheritance. Does inheritance mean that they inherit them as they inherit wealth, meaning that they enslave them? Or that they succeed their wives in them without ownership? The latter, because they do not inherit women as they inherit wealth, but rather they inherit women, meaning they succeed their wives in them. So Allah called it inheritance. Whoever succeeds another in something is an heir to it. Allah the Exalted said: Even though He, Mighty and Majestic, is its Owner from before and the Owner of whoever is upon it, and He is the One who destroys whoever is upon it while He, Glorified and Exalted is He, remains. And He said about Zakariyya: meaning I will succeed me among my people in knowledge and prophethood, and it is not inheritance in the sense of bequest, because prophets are not inherited. If meaning they succeed their wives in them against their will. And His saying: This qualifier… And if it is for clarifying the reality, it does not indicate that if they consented to being succeeded, that men succeeding their wives would be permissible, because this is not permissible except through a lawful marriage contract. That is because when a man died, his heirs would come after him and prevent the woman from marrying… And if they were from his paternal uncles, one of them would choose her and marry her by force and aggression. For this reason, Allah forbade it. He said: And on this basis, the qualifier is a clarification of the reality, and what clarifies the reality has no implication. And on this basis, it is not lawful to…
He said: This is another issue similar to what preceded, meaning do not prevent them from their rights so that you drive them to… And this happens often with some unjust husbands, who oppress their wives by preventing them, and when they are distressed, they are forced to ransom themselves from him. Why? To take back what he had given them before, either all of it or some of it. And His saying: If someone were to say: If he oppressed her to take all that he had given her, does that fall under the prohibition? Because it is of the category of And in a reading: meaning except if they commit a clear lewdness, then it is for you. And what is the clear lewdness? There are opinions regarding the clear lewdness. It was said: It is adultery. So if she commits adultery, he may oppress her so that she ransoms herself from him, because a person… [is a] adulteress, and he is not pleased to divorce her and let his wealth go, so in this case he may [oppress her] and prevent her right in order for her to think she will ransom herself or ransom herself from him. It was said: The intended meaning of clear lewdness is foul speech, that her tongue is naturally foul toward him and his family, for that is considered shameful by custom. So if this occurs from the woman, he may oppress her until she ransoms herself from him. It was said: The intended meaning is bad cohabitation, such that [he does not find] his right with her in a state of satisfaction and ease and openness. If he calls her to his bed… and her face turns red and yellow and she does not respond. If he orders her to do a need that she is obligated to… This is from the clear lewdness. And this last opinion includes the two previous ones, because it is bad cohabitation for a woman to deceive her husband and commit adultery—may Allah protect us from that—and there is no doubt that foul speech and long-windedness are bad cohabitation. So the relied-upon opinion is that the intended meaning of clear lewdness is bad cohabitation, whatever it may be, whether it is something considered shameful by the Shari'ah, like adultery, or by custom, even though adultery is considered shameful by both custom and the Shari'ah. This is a third sentence, meaning women, meaning with what people recognize and the Shari'ah does not deny. And cohabitation (mu'asharah) is a reciprocal action that occurs from both sides, because the general rule is that an action whose source is a reciprocal form occurs from both sides. This is the general rule, like striving (jihad) with mutual striving, fighting (qital) with mutual fighting, oppressing (yasir) with mutual oppression, contemporizing (i'asr) with mutual contemporizing, cohabiting (i'asr) with mutual cohabitation. And it may not be from both sides, like traveling (safar), for this travel does not occur from one person only. meaning that each of you should cohabit with the other with what is good, meaning with what people recognize and the Shari'ah does not deny. Be careful! With what people recognize and the Shari'ah does not deny. If it is something people recognize but the Shari'ah denies, then it is not permissible; it is not what is good, but it is what is wrong. Is the intended meaning of the saying, the doing, and the giving? By the saying, it means he softens his speech to her and she softens her speech to him. By the doing, it means service and the like. By the giving, it means providing maintenance from clothing, food, drink, shelter, and paying off debt? What do you say? No, he is not obligated to pay off her debt, and she is not obligated to pay off his debt, except if she borrows for maintenance that is obligatory upon him. If she borrows for maintenance that is obligatory upon him, he is obligated to pay off this debt because it is binding upon him. meaning a person may dislike his wife and not cohabit with her with what is good, because it is in the nature of a person that if he dislikes something, he does not submit to it and does not rejoice in it. So Allah, Mighty and Majestic, says: due to their bad character or otherwise, And this is an indication that we should be patient, until we are patient with them, meaning be patient if you dislike them, be patient. You do not expect it, and it is good if Allah decrees a righteous child between them, for this is among the greatest goods. And it is also good if Allah changes her conditions and characteristics that he used to dislike for them into conditions and characteristics that he approves of, and at that time he will be at peace with her and live with her a good life.