Benefits of the Hadith: (Does the date decrease when it dries...?)
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The Shaykh : Among the benefits of this hadith are:
The Companions (may Allah be pleased with them) were eager to learn knowledge, for they asked the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) about this precise issue.
Among its benefits is the excellence of the Messenger’s (peace and blessings be upon him) teaching, where he links the ruling to its cause. Linking the ruling to its cause has benefits:
One of them is the reassurance of the one who is obligated, for when a person is shown the ruling with its cause, his reassurance increases. There is no doubt that the believer is reassured by the ruling of Allah and His Messenger in all circumstances, but he increases in it. Ibrahim (peace be upon him) said:[Al-Baqarah 2:260], so when a person is shown the ruling linked to its cause, his reassurance increases.
And among its benefits, meaning among the benefits of linking the ruling to its cause, is clarifying the nobility of the Shari'ah and that its rulings are built upon wisdom and secrets. However, these rulings built upon wisdom and secrets may have their wisdom and secrets known, or they may be unknown, for we have not been given but a little of knowledge, and we do not know the wisdom of every ruling by which Allah and His Messenger have ruled, for we are limited. Therefore, mentioning the cause of the ruling clarifies the nobility of the Shari'ah and that it has great wisdom and secrets in its rulings.
And among the benefits of mentioning the cause linked to the ruling is the possibility of analogical reasoning (qiyas), whereby what is equal to the text in that cause is attached to it.
If someone were to say: The possibility of analogical reasoning is achieved even if the cause is not mentioned!
The answer is: That is the case, but there is no doubt that the stated cause is stronger than the derived cause. The derived cause may be what the Lawgiver intended, or it may not be, but the stated cause is undoubtedly what the Shari'ah intends, so it is stronger. Furthermore, with the stated cause, a person is able to attach the unmentioned to the mentioned if they share in the cause, unlike the derived cause. For this reason, when the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said:Al-Adab Al-Mufrad 1169, we derived from this cause great benefits, which are: that everything that saddens the Muslim is forbidden, and mentioning this reasoned ruling is like mentioning an example of this general cause. So whatever saddens your Muslim brother, you are forbidden from it, and whatever pleases him, you are commanded to do, even if you are not commanded to do it for its specific instance, but you are commanded to do it for its general type. So whatever pleases the believer, you are commanded to do, just as you are forbidden from everything that saddens him.
And among the benefits of the hadith is that this ruling—meaning: the sale of fresh dates for dry dates from the items subject to riba, if they are of the same type—is general for the sale of dry dates for fresh dates and others. Accordingly, the sale of fresh grain for dry grain is not permissible, because it will decrease when it dries. Yes?
The questioner : Shaykh! ...
The Shaykh : Yes?
The questioner : This issue is the sale of the vine or the sale of the vine for raisins.
The Shaykh : Yes.
The questioner : Is this not like it?
The Shaykh : Yes, this is what is used as an argument against them. Yes, the correct view is a strong argument against them, because raisins were in use during the time of the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him).
The Companions (may Allah be pleased with them) were eager to learn knowledge, for they asked the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) about this precise issue.
Among its benefits is the excellence of the Messenger’s (peace and blessings be upon him) teaching, where he links the ruling to its cause. Linking the ruling to its cause has benefits:
One of them is the reassurance of the one who is obligated, for when a person is shown the ruling with its cause, his reassurance increases. There is no doubt that the believer is reassured by the ruling of Allah and His Messenger in all circumstances, but he increases in it. Ibrahim (peace be upon him) said:
"My Lord, show me how You give life to the dead." [Allah] said, "Have you not believed?" He said, "Yes, but [I ask] only that my heart may be satisfied."
رب أرني كيف تحى الموتى قال أو لم تؤمن قال بلى ولكن ليطمئن قلبيAnd among its benefits, meaning among the benefits of linking the ruling to its cause, is clarifying the nobility of the Shari'ah and that its rulings are built upon wisdom and secrets. However, these rulings built upon wisdom and secrets may have their wisdom and secrets known, or they may be unknown, for we have not been given but a little of knowledge, and we do not know the wisdom of every ruling by which Allah and His Messenger have ruled, for we are limited. Therefore, mentioning the cause of the ruling clarifies the nobility of the Shari'ah and that it has great wisdom and secrets in its rulings.
And among the benefits of mentioning the cause linked to the ruling is the possibility of analogical reasoning (qiyas), whereby what is equal to the text in that cause is attached to it.
If someone were to say: The possibility of analogical reasoning is achieved even if the cause is not mentioned!
The answer is: That is the case, but there is no doubt that the stated cause is stronger than the derived cause. The derived cause may be what the Lawgiver intended, or it may not be, but the stated cause is undoubtedly what the Shari'ah intends, so it is stronger. Furthermore, with the stated cause, a person is able to attach the unmentioned to the mentioned if they share in the cause, unlike the derived cause. For this reason, when the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said:
When there are three people, two should not converse together to the exclusion of the third for that would grieve him.
إذا كنتم ثلاثة فلا يتناجى اثنان دون الثالث ، من أجل أن ذلك يحزِنُهAnd among the benefits of the hadith is that this ruling—meaning: the sale of fresh dates for dry dates from the items subject to riba, if they are of the same type—is general for the sale of dry dates for fresh dates and others. Accordingly, the sale of fresh grain for dry grain is not permissible, because it will decrease when it dries. Yes?
The questioner : Shaykh! ...
The Shaykh : Yes?
The questioner : This issue is the sale of the vine or the sale of the vine for raisins.
The Shaykh : Yes.
The questioner : Is this not like it?
The Shaykh : Yes, this is what is used as an argument against them. Yes, the correct view is a strong argument against them, because raisins were in use during the time of the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him).