Commentary on Tafsir al-Jalalayn: “To Him belong the keys of the heavens and the earth” means the keys of their treasuries, such as rain, vegetation, and other things. “He expands the provision”
Machine translationRead the Arabic original
The commentator said: “[Az-Zumar 39:63] means the keys of their treasuries” He interpreted *maqalid* as meaning keys, but from the perspective of the Arabic language, this does not align with the etymology, because *maqalid* is derived from *qiladah*, meaning the reins of affairs. All the affairs of the heavens and the earth are in the hand of Allah, Mighty and Majestic, just as you say: the rein of the camel, because you lead it by it. So it appears, and Allah knows best, that the commentator (may Allah have mercy on him) interpreted it in a way that contradicts the apparent meaning. However, some people say that *maqalid* is a foreign word that has been Arabized, and that *muqallad* means key. But this is a weak opinion without a doubt, because we must not resort to Arabization except out of necessity. That is, we cannot say: this word is originally Persian, originally Roman, or originally such-and-such, and has been Arabized. It is not permissible to turn to this except in cases of necessity, because Allah the Exalted made the Qur'an Arabic. So if we say that an Arabized word is originally non-Arabic, this contradicts the apparent meaning of the Qur'an. But if we are compelled to do so because we find no root for this word in the language, then at that point it is considered Arabized. *Maqalid* has a root derived from the *qiladah* by which a camel is led. So the meaning of *maqalid* is: the reins of the affairs of the heavens and the earth, which belong to Him alone.
As for the author (may Allah have mercy on him), he said: “The keys of their treasuries, such as rain, vegetation, and other things. He makes it abundant [Ar-Ra'd 13:26]” *Yabsut* means He expands. *Yuqaddir* means He restricts. Now, expansion and restriction are a test and a trial, because some people are not rectified except by poverty, and some people are not rectified except by abundance. And in the Qudsi Hadith: .
[Ash-Shuraa 42:12] The commentator says: " And by provision is meant the gift; He expands it as a test and restricts it for whom He wills as a trial " A test to see whether he will be grateful or not? A trial to see whether he will be patient or not?
[Ash-Shuraa 42:12] He is All-Knowing of everything, so He knows that expansion is better for this person and restriction is better for that person.
the keys of the heavens and the earth
مقاليد السماوات والأرضAs for the author (may Allah have mercy on him), he said: “The keys of their treasuries, such as rain, vegetation, and other things.