Explanation of the author's statement: "And turning one's back on the day of battle"
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The Shaykh :
Turning one's back means retreating and turning away. The day of battle refers to the day when the two lines of troops clash in fighting with the disbelievers. It is called the day of battle because when the masses face each other, they find that some of them advance toward the others like one who moves by shuffling. Each one fears the other, so he moves slowly, step by step. Turning one's back on the day of battle is one of the major sins, for, may Allah protect us, it entails turning away from jihad in the cause of Allah, it entails breaking the hearts of the Muslims, and it entails strengthening the enemies of Allah, the disbelievers. Yes. And consequently, it leads to the defeat of the Muslims, because you know, if you are in a line and just one person leaves the line, the morale weakens, does it not? There is no doubt that it weakens. And the common people have a correct saying: "If one falls..." Is this known?
The student: It is well known.
The Shaykh : And what does it mean, Hussein?
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : The well is the pit, and covering it is known, the stones that... if one of these falls... it falls. Yes. This is a real example.
Turning one's back on the day of battle is one of the major sins, but this hadith was specified by the verse. And we have mentioned that specifying the Sunnah by the Qur'an is rare. Its example, its example is rare. Yes? The one that passed us was one example, and this is another example. Where is the first example?
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : Hm?
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: That whoever comes to the Muslims, he is returned...
The Shaykh : Yes, correct. In the conditions that were agreed upon between the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and the disbelievers of Quraysh at al-Hudaybiyyah, it was stipulated that whoever comes from the polytheists as a Muslim is returned to them... So Allah the Exalted revealed:[Al-Mumtahanah 60:10] Thus, the Qur'an specified the Sunnah. Here, turning one's back on the day of battle is general; turning one's back on the day of battle is general, but Allah excepted from it, saying: [Al-Anfal 8:16] ...
The first case: that a person is moving to fight. And the meaning of moving to fight means being prepared, for example, he withdraws to fix his affairs, to fix his affairs, yes... Yes. And from this is also the one who moves to fight, as the master indicated, that it is to come from another side, to come from another side. So moving to fight... includes moving, meaning to another place, meaning deviating to another place from which the enemy comes. So this is in reality not considered a person who turned his back. Likewise, if he is attached to a group, attached to a group. What does it mean to be attached to a group? It means they received news that there is a raiding party... from these, from what? They attach themselves to it to rescue it. This is also permissible due to the call of necessity, due to the call of necessity... The common people, and Allah knows best, stipulate that there be no harm to the army. If harm is realized, such that a large group attached to a group goes... because if you go, this army you have is destroyed, and the raiding party may be rescued or may not be rescued. Yes? What do you have, Ghanim?
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : And he?
The student:[Al-Hujurat 49:12].
The Shaykh : And how?
The student: In a hadith.
The Shaykh :Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1988Sahih (Darussalam).
The student: It passed us...
The Shaykh : Perhaps this is also a suitable example. And the Messenger warned against all suspicion. ...
The student: Regarding the advance and retreat...
The Shaykh : No, the advance and retreat is in reality from... fighting, because he may not advance, he may retreat in order to scout... the battle.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : Yes, Khalid ibn al-Walid, this is not considered turning one's back, it is considered rescue. And for this, the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) named him...
The Shaykh : No, the whole army delayed... so it is part of the work of fighting.
He said:Sahih Muslim 89 ... the accusation of zina. And his saying: Good, three conditions.
... and the correct view is that they are free women.
And his saying: They are chaste regarding zina, meaning they are unaware of what they are accused of, far from it, those to whom this matter does not come to mind... the disbelieving women.
So whoever accuses a woman of these characteristics, then that is one of the destructive sins, may Allah protect us. And with this, the hadd is upon him, and his testimony is never accepted, and he becomes an open sinner. Allah the Exalted recorded three things against him, saying:[An-Nur 24:4] [Ali 'Imran 3:89]. This exception returns to the last clause by consensus and does not include the first clause... So it was said that it returns to it, and it was said that it does not return. Is this clear?
The student: Yes, indeed.
The Shaykh : No, it is not clear to some people, is it?
The student: ... .
The Shaykh :[An-Nur 24:4] This is one... [Al-Baqarah 2:160] It returns to the last clause by consensus. What is the last clause? Open sinfulness. [An-Nur 24:4-5] So if they repent, the open sinfulness is removed from them... and it is the flogging. [An-Nur 24:4] This, if he repents, he is flogged because it is a right of a human being.
The third, middle clause:[An-Nur 24:4] ... or is it not accepted? There is disagreement among the scholars of knowledge regarding this:
So some of them said: It is never accepted, his testimony is never accepted even if he repents... his testimony is never accepted.[An-Nur 24:4] And the benefit of this permanence is that this ruling will not be lifted from them.
And others among the scholars of knowledge said: Rather, his testimony is accepted, because the basis... is the barrier to accepting the testimony, and what is established upon it has ceased. Yes? And it should be said in such a case: It returns to the judgment of the ruling judge, if he sees that it is in the public benefit... that his testimony is not accepted, let him do so. Otherwise, the original ruling is that if the open sinfulness ceases, it is obligatory to accept his testimony. Yes, Rishad?
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : Huh?
The student: In the first issue, in the issue of turning one's back on the day of battle?
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : What is it?
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: ... major, and defeat is certain.
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: Does he have.
The Shaykh : Good, this issue, yes, needs attention.
... It is stipulated that he is not moving to fight or attached to a group. And it is also stipulated that the disbelievers are not more than twice their number, that they are not more than twice their number. If they are more than twice their number, fleeing is permissible...[Al-Anfal 8:66]. So if it is known that standing firm... is one hundred percent, then it is not permissible for them to remain, it is not permissible, because that means they are putting themselves in danger. Suppose the enemy is fewer in number, for example, not more, fewer in number, but they have strong equipment. We have only knives and daggers, and he has bombs and airplanes. Can he stand firm against him? No, this is not permissible rationally or religiously, because the intended purpose is to manifest the religion of Allah... and we say, kill us. Yes, this is correct, it should be pointed out.
Turning one's back on the day of battle
والتولي يوم الزحفTurning one's back means retreating and turning away. The day of battle refers to the day when the two lines of troops clash in fighting with the disbelievers. It is called the day of battle because when the masses face each other, they find that some of them advance toward the others like one who moves by shuffling. Each one fears the other, so he moves slowly, step by step. Turning one's back on the day of battle is one of the major sins, for, may Allah protect us, it entails turning away from jihad in the cause of Allah, it entails breaking the hearts of the Muslims, and it entails strengthening the enemies of Allah, the disbelievers. Yes. And consequently, it leads to the defeat of the Muslims, because you know, if you are in a line and just one person leaves the line, the morale weakens, does it not? There is no doubt that it weakens. And the common people have a correct saying: "If one falls..." Is this known?
The student: It is well known.
The Shaykh : And what does it mean, Hussein?
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : The well is the pit, and covering it is known, the stones that... if one of these falls... it falls. Yes. This is a real example.
Turning one's back on the day of battle is one of the major sins, but this hadith was specified by the verse. And we have mentioned that specifying the Sunnah by the Qur'an is rare. Its example, its example is rare. Yes? The one that passed us was one example, and this is another example. Where is the first example?
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : Hm?
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: That whoever comes to the Muslims, he is returned...
The Shaykh : Yes, correct. In the conditions that were agreed upon between the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and the disbelievers of Quraysh at al-Hudaybiyyah, it was stipulated that whoever comes from the polytheists as a Muslim is returned to them... So Allah the Exalted revealed:
O you who have believed, when the believing women come to you as emigrants, examine them. Allah is most knowing as to their faith. And if you know them to be believers, then do not return them to the disbelievers
يا أيها الذين آمنوا إذا جاءكم المؤمنات مهاجرات فامتحونهن الله أعلم بإيمانهن فإن علمتموهن مؤمنات فلا ترجعوهن إلى الكفارAnd whoever turns his back to them on such a day, unless swerving [as a strategy] for war or joining [another] company
ومن يولهم يومئذ دبره إلا متحرفا لقتال أو متحيزا إلى فئةThe first case: that a person is moving to fight. And the meaning of moving to fight means being prepared, for example, he withdraws to fix his affairs, to fix his affairs, yes... Yes. And from this is also the one who moves to fight, as the master indicated, that it is to come from another side, to come from another side. So moving to fight... includes moving, meaning to another place, meaning deviating to another place from which the enemy comes. So this is in reality not considered a person who turned his back. Likewise, if he is attached to a group, attached to a group. What does it mean to be attached to a group? It means they received news that there is a raiding party... from these, from what? They attach themselves to it to rescue it. This is also permissible due to the call of necessity, due to the call of necessity... The common people, and Allah knows best, stipulate that there be no harm to the army. If harm is realized, such that a large group attached to a group goes... because if you go, this army you have is destroyed, and the raiding party may be rescued or may not be rescued. Yes? What do you have, Ghanim?
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : And he?
The student:
Indeed, some assumption is sin
إن بعض الظن إثمThe Shaykh : And how?
The student: In a hadith.
The Shaykh :
Beware of Zann (suspicion), for indeed Zann is the falsest of speech.
إياكم والظن فإن الظن أكذب الحديثThe student: It passed us...
The Shaykh : Perhaps this is also a suitable example.
Indeed, some suspicion is a sin
إن بعض الظن إثمThe student: Regarding the advance and retreat...
The Shaykh : No, the advance and retreat is in reality from... fighting, because he may not advance, he may retreat in order to scout... the battle.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : Yes, Khalid ibn al-Walid, this is not considered turning one's back, it is considered rescue. And for this, the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) named him...
The Shaykh : No, the whole army delayed... so it is part of the work of fighting.
He said:
slandering chaste women who are believers, but unwary
وقذف المحصنات الغافلات المؤمناتthe married women
المحصناتChaste, unaware, believing women.
المحصنات الغافلات المؤمنات... and the correct view is that they are free women.
And his saying:
Unaware.
الغافلاتSo whoever accuses a woman of these characteristics, then that is one of the destructive sins, may Allah protect us. And with this, the hadd is upon him, and his testimony is never accepted, and he becomes an open sinner. Allah the Exalted recorded three things against him, saying:
lash them with eighty lashes and do not accept from them testimony ever after. And those are the defiantly disobedient,
فاجلدوهم ثمانين جلدة ولا تقبلوا لهم شهادة أبدا وأولئك هم الفاسقونExcept for those who repent after that and correct themselves
إلا الذين تابوا من بعد ذلك وأصلحواThe student: Yes, indeed.
The Shaykh : No, it is not clear to some people, is it?
The student: ... .
The Shaykh :
lash them with eighty lashes
فاجلدوهم ثمانين جلدةExcept for those who repent
إلا الذين تابواAnd those are the defiantly disobedient, (5) Except for those who repent
وأولئك هم الفاسقون إلا الذين تابواlash them with eighty lashes
فاجلدوهم ثمانين جلدةThe third, middle clause:
do not accept from them
ولا تقبلوا لهمSo some of them said: It is never accepted, his testimony is never accepted even if he repents... his testimony is never accepted.
do not accept from them testimony ever after
لا تقبلوا لهم شهادة أبداAnd others among the scholars of knowledge said: Rather, his testimony is accepted, because the basis... is the barrier to accepting the testimony, and what is established upon it has ceased. Yes? And it should be said in such a case: It returns to the judgment of the ruling judge, if he sees that it is in the public benefit... that his testimony is not accepted, let him do so. Otherwise, the original ruling is that if the open sinfulness ceases, it is obligatory to accept his testimony. Yes, Rishad?
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : Huh?
The student: In the first issue, in the issue of turning one's back on the day of battle?
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : What is it?
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: ... major, and defeat is certain.
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: Does he have.
The Shaykh : Good, this issue, yes, needs attention.
... It is stipulated that he is not moving to fight or attached to a group. And it is also stipulated that the disbelievers are not more than twice their number, that they are not more than twice their number. If they are more than twice their number, fleeing is permissible...