Explanation of the author's statement: It contains issues, the first of which is: the interpretation of the verse in Surat al-Baqarah regarding equals.
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The Shaykh : Then the author said: "It contains issues, the first of which is: the interpretation of the verse in Surat al-Baqarah regarding equals".
Who interpreted it? Ibn 'Abbas, who said: "Indeed, the equals are more hidden than the movement of ants on the black stone in the darkness of the night".
"The second is: that the Companions interpret the verse revealed regarding major shirk (associating partners with Allah) as encompassing minor shirk" Why?
The student: The interpretation of Ibn 'Abbas.
The Shaykh : Because Ibn 'Abbas interpreted it with what is minor shirk, even though it was revealed regarding major shirk, addressing the polytheists with it:[Al-Baqarah 2:22], and there is no doubt that "andad" (equals) is the plural of "nidd" (equal), so it includes the similar equal, or the equal in an absolute sense, or the equal in some matters.
He says: "The third is: that swearing by other than Allah is shirk" What is the evidence?
The student: The hadith of Ibn 'Umar.
The Shaykh : The hadith of Ibn 'Umar, yes.
"The fourth is: that if one swears by other than Allah while being truthful, it is greater than the false oath" What is the false oath? It is to swear by Allah while lying. This is the position of the Hanbali school, that the false oath is to swear by Allah while lying. Some scholars said: The false oath is to swear falsely to seize the wealth of a Muslim man. This is the correct view, that the false oath is the one by which one swears falsely to seize the wealth of a Muslim man.
"The fifth is: the difference between "wa" (and) and "thumma" (then) in the wording" What is the difference? "Wa" implies equality, so it is forbidden, while "thumma" implies sequence and delay, so it is permissible. Yes, and Allah knows best.
Who interpreted it? Ibn 'Abbas, who said: "Indeed, the equals are more hidden than the movement of ants on the black stone in the darkness of the night".
"The second is: that the Companions interpret the verse revealed regarding major shirk (associating partners with Allah) as encompassing minor shirk" Why?
The student: The interpretation of Ibn 'Abbas.
The Shaykh : Because Ibn 'Abbas interpreted it with what is minor shirk, even though it was revealed regarding major shirk, addressing the polytheists with it:
So do not attribute to Allah equals while you know [that there is nothing similar to Him].
فلا تجعلوا لله أنداد وأنتم تعلمونHe says: "The third is: that swearing by other than Allah is shirk" What is the evidence?
The student: The hadith of Ibn 'Umar.
The Shaykh : The hadith of Ibn 'Umar, yes.
"The fourth is: that if one swears by other than Allah while being truthful, it is greater than the false oath" What is the false oath? It is to swear by Allah while lying. This is the position of the Hanbali school, that the false oath is to swear by Allah while lying. Some scholars said: The false oath is to swear falsely to seize the wealth of a Muslim man. This is the correct view, that the false oath is the one by which one swears falsely to seize the wealth of a Muslim man.
"The fifth is: the difference between "wa" (and) and "thumma" (then) in the wording" What is the difference? "Wa" implies equality, so it is forbidden, while "thumma" implies sequence and delay, so it is permissible. Yes, and Allah knows best.