Explanation of the author's statement and his saying: "Then, in the Sunnah of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). The Sunnah explains the Qur'an, clarifies it, points to it, and expresses it."
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The Shaykh : Then the author (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "Chapter on the Sunnah of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)"
The Sunnah in language means "the path," and from this is his saying (peace and blessings be upon him): or Sahih al-Bukhari 7320 meaning their path. In technical terminology, it is the saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and his action.
The student: And his approval.
The Shaykh : And his approval, and his description, or his innate and acquired character. This is the Sunnah. It includes the obligatory.
The student: And the recommended.
The Shaykh : Yes, and the recommended. The Sunnah is the second source of legislation. And the meaning of our saying...
The one who looks into the Sunnah needs two things.
The first: the authenticity of its attribution to the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him).
The second: the validity of its indication of the ruling.
So the one who uses the Sunnah as evidence suffers more effort than the one who uses the Qur'an as evidence, because we have been spared the chain of the Qur'an; its chain is mass-transmitted, and there is nothing in it that necessitates doubt in any way. This is unlike what is attributed to the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him). If the Sunnah is authentic from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), it is in the same position as the Qur'an, exactly as Allah the Exalted said:[An-Nisa 4:113] And the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: For this reason, the correct and stronger position is that the Qur'an is abrogated by the Sunnah if it is authentic from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and that this is permissible rationally and legally. However, there is no direct example of this, as we have passed through in the principles of jurisprudence.
The author (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "The Sunnah explains the Qur'an, clarifies it, points to it, and expresses it"
"Explains the Qur'an" means it clarifies the intended meaning, as we passed through in the previous lesson in the interpretation of the saying of Allah the Exalted:[Yunus 10:26] where the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) interpreted it as looking at the Face of Allah (Mighty and Majestic). And as in the interpretation by the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) of the saying of Allah the Exalted: [Al-Anfal 8:60] He said: Sahih Muslim 1917 Good.
"Clarifies it" means it clarifies the general parts of the Qur'an. There are general verses in the Qur'an, but the Sunnah clarified and explained them. For example: It commands their establishment, but how? What clarified it?
The student: The Sunnah.
The Shaykh : The Sunnah clarified it:[Al-Isra 17:78] Is this one time or not? Meaning from the slanting of the sun meaning the limit of its darkness, which is its half, because the darkest part of the night is what?
The student: The middle of the night.
The Shaykh : The middle of the night. Good. The apparent meaning of the verse is that this is one time, but the Sunnah detailed this general statement. The midday prayer is from the slanting of the sun until the shadow of every thing becomes its length. The afternoon prayer is from that until the sun turns yellow in the preferred opinion, then until its setting.
The student: In necessity.
The Shaykh : In necessity. The sunset prayer is from the setting of the sun until the disappearance of the twilight. The night prayer is from the disappearance of the twilight until the middle of the night. And there is no time of necessity for this. For this reason, if a woman becomes pure after the middle of the night, in the last middle of the night, it is not obligatory for her to pray the night prayer or the dawn prayer, because the time for the night prayer ends.
The student: At the middle of the night.
The Shaykh : Yes, at the middle of the night. The dawn prayer is from the appearance of the dawn until the rising of the sun. For this reason, in the same verse, He said:[Al-Isra 17:78] Then He detailed and said: Because the time for the dawn prayer is separated from the other times by a quarter of the day, or not?
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : Half of the night before it and half of the day after it, so it is separated. Good. This is from the clarification of the Sunnah; it clarified the times. Yes.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : The Sunnah clarified the thresholds and the amounts of zakah. Good. So it clarifies the Qur'an.
"Points to it" The word: "Points to it" is a word that encompasses interpretation, clarification, and confirmation. "Points to it" means that the Sunnah confirms the Qur'an. The Sunnah explains the Qur'an. The Sunnah clarifies the Qur'an.
"Expresses it": means it brings new meanings or new rulings that are not in the Qur'an. And this is very much. Many of the legal rulings were independent in the Sunnah; the Qur'an did not bring them except in a way of.
The student: Generalization.
The Shaykh : Generalization only. Like the saying of Allah the Exalted:[An-Nisa 4:80] [Al-Hashr 59:7] As for a specific ruling, the Sunnah was independent of many rulings from the Qur'an. Among them is what will come to us in the first hadith mentioned by the author: Jami` at-Tirmidhi 3498Sahih (Darussalam) This is not in the Qur'an, is it? Not in general or specific terms. Yes.
The student: And Allah does what He wills.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: And Allah does.
The Shaykh : No, no, absolutely not. It is not possible to derive from[Ibrahim 14:27] that He descends to the lowest heaven, nor can we derive from the verse every action that can be. Yes, this is from what the Sunnah was independent of. Sahih al-Bukhari 2826 Yes, this is also from the Sunnah. This is from the Sunnah. And the Qur'an, even in the Qur'an, establishes amazement. Allah the Exalted said: [As-Saffat 37:12] And not
The student: A second reading.
The Shaykh : Two canonical readings: and meaning.
The student: O Muhammad.
The Shaykh : The Prophet or the one addressed. Yes. And meaning I.
Good. So the position of the Sunnah with the Qur'an is in these four types: interpretation, clarification, pointing to it, and expressing it. Good. Then he said an important rule.
The Sunnah in language means "the path," and from this is his saying (peace and blessings be upon him):
You will surely follow the ways
لتركبن سُننthe ways of those nations who were before you
سَنن من كان قبلكمThe student: And his approval.
The Shaykh : And his approval, and his description, or his innate and acquired character. This is the Sunnah. It includes the obligatory.
The student: And the recommended.
The Shaykh : Yes, and the recommended. The Sunnah is the second source of legislation. And the meaning of our saying...
The one who looks into the Sunnah needs two things.
The first: the authenticity of its attribution to the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him).
The second: the validity of its indication of the ruling.
So the one who uses the Sunnah as evidence suffers more effort than the one who uses the Qur'an as evidence, because we have been spared the chain of the Qur'an; its chain is mass-transmitted, and there is nothing in it that necessitates doubt in any way. This is unlike what is attributed to the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him). If the Sunnah is authentic from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), it is in the same position as the Qur'an, exactly as Allah the Exalted said:
And Allah has revealed to you the Book and wisdom
وأنزل الله عليك الكتاب والحكمةBeware, I have not found any of you leaning on his couch, when a matter comes to him from my affairs, saying: We do not know what we found in the Book of Allah, we followed it. But I was given the Book and something similar to it with it.
لا أُلفين أحدكم متكئا على أريكته يأتيه الأمر من أمري يقول لا ندري ما وجدنا في كتاب الله اتبعناه ألا وإني أوتيت الكتاب ومثله معهThe author (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "The Sunnah explains the Qur'an, clarifies it, points to it, and expresses it"
"Explains the Qur'an" means it clarifies the intended meaning, as we passed through in the previous lesson in the interpretation of the saying of Allah the Exalted:
For them who have done good is the best [reward] and extra
للذين أحسنوا الحسنى وزيادةAnd prepare against them whatever you are able of power
وأعدوا لهم ما استطعتم من قوةBeware, strength consists in archery. Beware, strength consists in archery
ألا إن القوة الرمي ألا إن القوة الرمي"Clarifies it" means it clarifies the general parts of the Qur'an. There are general verses in the Qur'an, but the Sunnah clarified and explained them. For example:
Establish prayer
أقيموا الصلاةEstablish prayer
أقيموا الصلاةThe student: The Sunnah.
The Shaykh : The Sunnah clarified it:
Establish prayer at the decline of the sun [from its meridian] until the darkness of the night
أقم الصلاة لدلوك الشمس إلى غسق الليلat the setting of the sun
لدلوك الشمسuntil the darkness of the night
إلى غسق الليلThe student: The middle of the night.
The Shaykh : The middle of the night. Good. The apparent meaning of the verse is that this is one time, but the Sunnah detailed this general statement. The midday prayer is from the slanting of the sun until the shadow of every thing becomes its length. The afternoon prayer is from that until the sun turns yellow in the preferred opinion, then until its setting.
The student: In necessity.
The Shaykh : In necessity. The sunset prayer is from the setting of the sun until the disappearance of the twilight. The night prayer is from the disappearance of the twilight until the middle of the night. And there is no time of necessity for this. For this reason, if a woman becomes pure after the middle of the night, in the last middle of the night, it is not obligatory for her to pray the night prayer or the dawn prayer, because the time for the night prayer ends.
The student: At the middle of the night.
The Shaykh : Yes, at the middle of the night. The dawn prayer is from the appearance of the dawn until the rising of the sun. For this reason, in the same verse, He said:
at the decline of the sun [from its meridian] until the darkness of the night
لدلوك الشمس إلى غسق الليلAnd the recitation of the dawn.
وقرآن الفجرThe student: Yes.
The Shaykh : Half of the night before it and half of the day after it, so it is separated. Good. This is from the clarification of the Sunnah; it clarified the times.
Give the zakah
آتوا الزكاةThe student: ...
The Shaykh : The Sunnah clarified the thresholds and the amounts of zakah. Good. So it clarifies the Qur'an.
"Points to it" The word: "Points to it" is a word that encompasses interpretation, clarification, and confirmation. "Points to it" means that the Sunnah confirms the Qur'an. The Sunnah explains the Qur'an. The Sunnah clarifies the Qur'an.
"Expresses it": means it brings new meanings or new rulings that are not in the Qur'an. And this is very much. Many of the legal rulings were independent in the Sunnah; the Qur'an did not bring them except in a way of.
The student: Generalization.
The Shaykh : Generalization only. Like the saying of Allah the Exalted:
He who obeys the Messenger has obeyed Allah
من يطع الرسول فقد أطاع اللهAnd whatever the Messenger has given you - take; and what he has forbidden you - refrain from
وما آتاكم الرسول فخذوه وما نهاكم عنه فانتهواOur Lord descends every night to the nearest heaven, until the last third of the night remains
ينزل ربنا إلى السماء الدنيا حين يبقى ثلث الليل الآخرThe student: And Allah does what He wills.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: And Allah does.
The Shaykh : No, no, absolutely not. It is not possible to derive from
And Allah does what He wills.
يفعل الله ما يشاءAllah welcomes two men with a smile
يضحك الله إلى رجلينYour Lord is amazed at the despair of His servants
عجب ربك من قنوط عبادهBut you wonder, while they mock,
بل عجبتُ ويسخرونBut you were amazed
بل عجبتَThe student: A second reading.
The Shaykh : Two canonical readings:
Rather, I am amazed
بل عجبتُRather, you are amazed
بل عجبتَRather, you are amazed
بل عجبتَThe student: O Muhammad.
The Shaykh : The Prophet or the one addressed. Yes. And
I am amazed
عحبتُGood. So the position of the Sunnah with the Qur'an is in these four types: interpretation, clarification, pointing to it, and expressing it. Good. Then he said an important rule.