Explanation of the words of Ibn Malik (may Allah have mercy on him): "Awwalu and 'Alimun 'Aliyun *** and Aradun shadhdh and al-Sanunna. It reached us by transmission"
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The Shaykh :"Awwalu" Awwalu is also annexed to the sound masculine plural. Allah the Exalted said: [An-Nur 24:22] [An-Nur 24:22] So he said: [An-Nur 24:22] with the waw because it is the subject, and [An-Nur 24:22] with the ya because it is the object. Awwalu is always attached to the genitive, and for this reason the nun does not come with it. You say: "Awwalu al-fadl came," "I saw Awli al-fadl," and "I passed by Awli al-fadl." The meaning of Awwalu is "owners." Why was it annexed to the sound masculine plural and not made a plural? Because it has no singular form from its own word, so it is not a plural, meaning it was not a plural in form, even though its meaning is plural. Is it correct for me to say: "And because it is neither a proper name nor a description?"
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : We say: It is a description, because Awwalu means "owners." Good.
"Awwalu and 'Alimun 'Aliyun" 'Alimun is also annexed to the sound masculine plural. Allah the Exalted said:[Al-Fatihah 1:2] And He the Exalted said: [Al-'Ankabut 29:43] So the plural of 'Alim is 'Alimun, and we say: This is annexed to the sound masculine plural in its grammar. Why? It is not a proper name, nor a description, nor does it indicate the singular, because 'Alam and 'Alimun have the same meaning; they all indicate the plural. Therefore, 'Alimun became annexed to the sound masculine plural.
'Aliyun is also 'Aliyun, the name for the highest part of Paradise, annexed to the sound masculine plural. Allah the Exalted said:[Al-Mutaffifin 83:18-19] So it is raised with the waw and declined with the ya. What is missing from it?
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : It is not a proper name for a rational being, because it is a proper name for a place, and that is Paradise.
"Aradun shadhdh" Also, Aradun is the plural of Ardh, and al-Aradun is annexed to the sound masculine plural. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said:Sahih Muslim 1610a Aradin with the ya because it is in the genitive case. What is missing from it regarding the conditions of the sound masculine plural?
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : It is not a proper name, nor a description, nor for a masculine, and its vowel movements also differ from the singular. The singular is Ardh, and this is Aradun, not Aradun. Yes, so it is annexed to the sound masculine plural from several angles. For this reason, he said: "shadhdh" because of its distance from the standard rule, so it is anomalous.
"and al-Sanunna and its category" Meaning, and likewise, al-Sanun is annexed to the sound masculine plural. Sanun is the plural of Sannah; it is raised with the waw and declined and genitived with the ya. Allah the Exalted said:[Yusuf 12:42] a few years. Since it is annexed to the sound masculine plural, it is genitived with the ya. What is missing from it regarding its conditions? It is not a proper name, nor a description, nor for a rational being, nor does it match the singular in vowel movements, nor is it for a masculine. For this reason, it became anomalous. "and Aradun shadhdh and al-Sanunna" Meaning: it is anomalous.
And let not those of virtue among you and wealth swear not to give [aid] to their
وَلَا يَأْتَلِ أُولُو الْفَضْلِ مِنْكُمْ وَالسَّعَةِ أَنْ يُؤْتُوا أُولِي الْقُرْبَىto give [aid] to their relatives
أن يؤتوا أولي القربىAnd let not those
ولا يأتل أولوto give [aid] to their
أن يؤتوا أوليThe student: Yes.
The Shaykh : We say: It is a description, because Awwalu means "owners." Good.
"Awwalu and 'Alimun 'Aliyun" 'Alimun is also annexed to the sound masculine plural. Allah the Exalted said:
[All] praise is [due] to Allah, Lord of the worlds -
الحمد لله رب العالمينAnd these examples We present to the people, but none will understand them except those of knowledge.
وَتِلْكَ الْأَمْثَالُ نَضْرِبُهَا لِلنَّاسِ وَمَا يَعْقِلُهَا إِلَّا الْعَالِمُونَ'Aliyun is also 'Aliyun, the name for the highest part of Paradise, annexed to the sound masculine plural. Allah the Exalted said:
(18) No! Indeed, the record of the righteous is in 'illiyyun. (19) And what can make you know what is 'illiyyun?
كَلاَّ إِنَّ كِتَابَ الأَبْرَارِ لَفِي عِلِّيِّينَ * وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا عِلِّيُّونَThe student: ... .
The Shaykh : It is not a proper name for a rational being, because it is a proper name for a place, and that is Paradise.
"Aradun shadhdh" Also, Aradun is the plural of Ardh, and al-Aradun is annexed to the sound masculine plural. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said:
He who wrongly took a span of land, Allah shall make him carry around his neck seven earths.
من اقتطع شبرا من الأرض ظلما طوقه الله به يوم القيامة من سبع أرضينThe student: ... .
The Shaykh : It is not a proper name, nor a description, nor for a masculine, and its vowel movements also differ from the singular. The singular is Ardh, and this is Aradun, not Aradun. Yes, so it is annexed to the sound masculine plural from several angles. For this reason, he said: "shadhdh" because of its distance from the standard rule, so it is anomalous.
"and al-Sanunna and its category" Meaning, and likewise, al-Sanun is annexed to the sound masculine plural. Sanun is the plural of Sannah; it is raised with the waw and declined and genitived with the ya. Allah the Exalted said: