Explanation of the words of Ibn Malik (may Allah have mercy on him): "So the alif is in it, other than the jazm *** and always accusative is what is like yad'u and yarmī."
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The Shaykh :"So the alif is in it, other than the jazm" The alif means that if the end of the word is an alif, then "in it" means: in it, other than the jazm, is estimated. What is "other than the jazm" among what occurs with verbs? It is the nominative and the accusative.
For example, you say: The man strives.
"Strives" is a present tense verb in the nominative case, with a dammah estimated on the alif, the appearance of which is prevented by the impossibility of its realization.
The man fears, we say:
"Fears" is a present tense verb in the nominative case, with a dammah estimated on the alif, the appearance of which is prevented by the impossibility of its realization. Good.
"And always accusative is what" meaning the accusative of that which is "like yad'u and yarmī" meaning like yad'u, which is defective by the waw, and yarmī, which is defective by the ya.
And in this example, there are two points of difficulty:
The first point of difficulty is that the letter kaf entered the verb, and we have learned previously that prepositions do not enter except on nouns. So what is the answer?
The student: The answer is that this is based on imitation (hikayah).
The Shaykh : What?
The student: Based on imitation... yad'u is estimated.
The Shaykh : No.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : Yes, the intended meaning is the word and the meaning like this word. So we say:
The kaf is a preposition.
And yad'u is a noun in the genitive case by the kaf, with a kasrah estimated on its end, the appearance of which is prevented by the imitation.
The second point of difficulty is that yarmī, yarmī, it is not correct to make it a substitute for yad'u due to the difference in word and meaning. So what do we make it? Abdullah, ah, here.
The student: A conjoined noun.
The Shaykh : Conjoined to what?
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : Where is the conjunction? It is omitted. The reason for its omission.
The student: Because it indicated it.
The Shaykh : The reason for its omission.
The student: Due to the indication of the evidence.
The Shaykh : The reason for its omission.
The student: The necessity of poetry.
The Shaykh : The necessity of poetry. Correct. Good.
He says: "Always accusative is what is like yad'u and yarmī" and the kaf here is for comparison. The meaning is: make accusative everything that resembles this verb, which is defective by the waw, yad'u, make it accusative.
You say: I like that the penitent calls upon his Lord. I like that the penitent calls upon his Lord.
He raids. I like that a man raids his disbeliever enemy. That he raids.
He hopes. If the disbeliever dies upon his disbelief, he will not hope for the forgiveness of Allah. He will not hope. Good.
And likewise yarmī, "always accusative" so you say: I like that the man throws. I like that the man throws. Good.
He judges. I like that he judges with truth.
A third example: He protects. I like that a man protects himself from defilement.
He oversteps. The correct is yughlī, it boils in price.
The student: Yughlī.
The Shaykh : Good, yughlī, it boils in cooking.
The student: It is permissible.
The Shaykh : Correct. Good. So yughlī is suitable as a waw-defective and a ya-defective verb according to the meaning. Good.
For example, you say: The man strives.
"Strives" is a present tense verb in the nominative case, with a dammah estimated on the alif, the appearance of which is prevented by the impossibility of its realization.
The man fears, we say:
"Fears" is a present tense verb in the nominative case, with a dammah estimated on the alif, the appearance of which is prevented by the impossibility of its realization. Good.
"And always accusative is what" meaning the accusative of that which is "like yad'u and yarmī" meaning like yad'u, which is defective by the waw, and yarmī, which is defective by the ya.
And in this example, there are two points of difficulty:
The first point of difficulty is that the letter kaf entered the verb, and we have learned previously that prepositions do not enter except on nouns. So what is the answer?
The student: The answer is that this is based on imitation (hikayah).
The Shaykh : What?
The student: Based on imitation... yad'u is estimated.
The Shaykh : No.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : Yes, the intended meaning is the word and the meaning like this word. So we say:
The kaf is a preposition.
And yad'u is a noun in the genitive case by the kaf, with a kasrah estimated on its end, the appearance of which is prevented by the imitation.
The second point of difficulty is that yarmī, yarmī, it is not correct to make it a substitute for yad'u due to the difference in word and meaning. So what do we make it? Abdullah, ah, here.
The student: A conjoined noun.
The Shaykh : Conjoined to what?
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : Where is the conjunction? It is omitted. The reason for its omission.
The student: Because it indicated it.
The Shaykh : The reason for its omission.
The student: Due to the indication of the evidence.
The Shaykh : The reason for its omission.
The student: The necessity of poetry.
The Shaykh : The necessity of poetry. Correct. Good.
He says: "Always accusative is what is like yad'u and yarmī" and the kaf here is for comparison. The meaning is: make accusative everything that resembles this verb, which is defective by the waw, yad'u, make it accusative.
You say: I like that the penitent calls upon his Lord. I like that the penitent calls upon his Lord.
He raids. I like that a man raids his disbeliever enemy. That he raids.
He hopes. If the disbeliever dies upon his disbelief, he will not hope for the forgiveness of Allah. He will not hope. Good.
And likewise yarmī, "always accusative" so you say: I like that the man throws. I like that the man throws. Good.
He judges. I like that he judges with truth.
A third example: He protects. I like that a man protects himself from defilement.
He oversteps. The correct is yughlī, it boils in price.
The student: Yughlī.
The Shaykh : Good, yughlī, it boils in cooking.
The student: It is permissible.
The Shaykh : Correct. Good. So yughlī is suitable as a waw-defective and a ya-defective verb according to the meaning. Good.