Explanation of the words of Ibn Malik (may Allah have mercy on him): "And the raising in them is anw, and delete a jazim *** three of them fulfill a necessary ruling"
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The Shaykh :"And the raising in them is anw" The raising in them, meaning in *dhiya* who calls and *irami* who throws, is anw. What remains for us?
The jazm. The jazm. He said: "And delete a jazim *** three of them" meaning: the alif, the waw, and the ya. "Fulfill a necessary ruling" meaning: it comes with it. The raising in the weak verb with alif was not mentioned. How do we parse it?
The student: It is implied.
The Shaykh : Yes, but the author did not mention it. He did not mention how to parse the weak verb with alif when it is raised. Ah.
He mentioned it.
The student: He mentioned it.
The Shaykh : Ah, he mentioned it in his saying: "So the alif in it is other than jazm" meaning it includes the nasb and the raising. So the weak verb with alif has all the movements implied in it: the fathah, the dammah, and the kasrah. Ah.
The student: There is no kasrah.
The Shaykh : It is not correct, because the kasrah is a characteristic of nouns. The weak verb with waw and ya has all the movements implied in it except the fathah, which appears.
So if someone asks: Why does the fathah appear on the ya and not on the alif and the alif? We say: Because the alif is firm, firm; it does not soften or submit. And for this reason, we said the preventer of its appearance is impossibility. The ya is soft, and so is the waw; it is not harsh or heavy. And for this reason, it carries the fathah due to its lightness, and it does not carry the dammah due to its heaviness. So now two matters have come together.
The first matter: That the ya is easy, and the waw is unlike the alif.
And the second: That what appears on it is what? The fathah, due to its lightness and because the letter of weakness in it is soft. And for this reason, it is possible for the dammah to appear on it, but with heaviness. You can say:
So-and-so calls upon his Lord, calls upon his Lord.
So-and-so walks on the earth, or is it not possible? But it is difficult.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : Ah.
The student: The waw, the dammah does not appear, it does not appear on the waw.
The Shaykh : It does not come out. Subhan.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : La ilaha illa Allah ... this?
The student: Calls.
The Shaykh : Calls, calls, yes, exactly like that.
The student: Calls.
The Shaykh : Yes, that is right.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : We did not say calls, calls, weak, remaining in its weakness, but the dammah appears on it due to its lightness, the lightness of the letter of weakness in it. Okay, in the jazm he says: "Delete a jazim, three of them" meaning the alif, the waw, and the ya. If it is made jazm, delete it.
So you say, for example: The man strives to gain knowledge.
And you say: The ignorant one did not strive to gain knowledge. Did not strive. Where did the alif go? It was deleted. Okay.
Another example: You say: So-and-so did not come. So-and-so did not come. And its original form is *ya'ti* with the ya, but the ya was deleted for the jazim.
And you say: The arrogant one did not call upon his Lord. Did not call. The waw was deleted. Allah the Exalted said:[Ghafir 40:26] What? Where did the waw go? It was deleted due to the entry of the jazim upon it. And Allah knows best. Yes.
The jazm. The jazm. He said: "And delete a jazim *** three of them" meaning: the alif, the waw, and the ya. "Fulfill a necessary ruling" meaning: it comes with it. The raising in the weak verb with alif was not mentioned. How do we parse it?
The student: It is implied.
The Shaykh : Yes, but the author did not mention it. He did not mention how to parse the weak verb with alif when it is raised. Ah.
He mentioned it.
The student: He mentioned it.
The Shaykh : Ah, he mentioned it in his saying: "So the alif in it is other than jazm" meaning it includes the nasb and the raising. So the weak verb with alif has all the movements implied in it: the fathah, the dammah, and the kasrah. Ah.
The student: There is no kasrah.
The Shaykh : It is not correct, because the kasrah is a characteristic of nouns. The weak verb with waw and ya has all the movements implied in it except the fathah, which appears.
So if someone asks: Why does the fathah appear on the ya and not on the alif and the alif? We say: Because the alif is firm, firm; it does not soften or submit. And for this reason, we said the preventer of its appearance is impossibility. The ya is soft, and so is the waw; it is not harsh or heavy. And for this reason, it carries the fathah due to its lightness, and it does not carry the dammah due to its heaviness. So now two matters have come together.
The first matter: That the ya is easy, and the waw is unlike the alif.
And the second: That what appears on it is what? The fathah, due to its lightness and because the letter of weakness in it is soft. And for this reason, it is possible for the dammah to appear on it, but with heaviness. You can say:
So-and-so calls upon his Lord, calls upon his Lord.
So-and-so walks on the earth, or is it not possible? But it is difficult.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : Ah.
The student: The waw, the dammah does not appear, it does not appear on the waw.
The Shaykh : It does not come out. Subhan.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : La ilaha illa Allah ... this?
The student: Calls.
The Shaykh : Calls, calls, yes, exactly like that.
The student: Calls.
The Shaykh : Yes, that is right.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : We did not say calls, calls, weak, remaining in its weakness, but the dammah appears on it due to its lightness, the lightness of the letter of weakness in it. Okay, in the jazm he says: "Delete a jazim, three of them" meaning the alif, the waw, and the ya. If it is made jazm, delete it.
So you say, for example: The man strives to gain knowledge.
And you say: The ignorant one did not strive to gain knowledge. Did not strive. Where did the alif go? It was deleted. Okay.
Another example: You say: So-and-so did not come. So-and-so did not come. And its original form is *ya'ti* with the ya, but the ya was deleted for the jazim.
And you say: The arrogant one did not call upon his Lord. Did not call. The waw was deleted. Allah the Exalted said:
