Discussion of the Chapter on the Subject (Mubtada').
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The Shaykh : And what does that mean?
The student: It means that it is what the speech begins with, and it is in the nominative case.
The Shaykh : That is, the nominative noun that is free from verbal factors. That is correct. And what is the definition of the predicate (khabar)? Muhammad ibn Salama!
The student: The predicate, O Shaykh, is the part that completes the benefit.
The Shaykh : The predicate is: the part that completes the benefit. So: "Zayd stood up." Zayd is the predicate because the benefit was completed by it?
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : Yes, is that so?!
The student: But we do not say: "Zayd is the predicate," for example, "Like Allah, the Generous".
The Shaykh : You give us the definition of the predicate, regardless of whether it is in the *Alfiyyah* or not!
The student: It is, O Shaykh: the nominative noun attributed to the subject (mubtada').
The Shaykh : The nominative noun attributed to a subject. Good, Zayn. Or the noun by which the benefit is completed with the subject. You must specify!
The student: "Like Allah, the Generous".
The Shaykh : Did you understand, yes?! Good.
The student: But the descriptive attribute (wasf) was not excluded!
The Shaykh : Huh?
The student: The descriptive attribute was not excluded.
The Shaykh : About?
The student: I say: the descriptive attribute was not excluded. May Allah reward you.
The Shaykh : Inquire about what?
The student: From the definition, because it includes even the descriptive attribute.
The Shaykh : How?
The student: I say: it includes even the nominative descriptive attribute!
The Shaykh : Yes, I do.
The student: This definition!
The Shaykh : No.
The student: How?
The Shaykh : If we say: the predicate is the part by which the benefit is completed with the subject, with the subject, the benefit!!
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : Or do we say: it is the nominative noun attributed to the subject.
The student: Here is the meaning.
The Shaykh : This is correct. There is nothing to criticize about this.
The student: The sentence, O Shaykh!
The Shaykh : Yes?
The student: The predicate can be a sentence.
The Shaykh : Yes, I do.
The student: A noun!
The Shaykh : We say: it is the noun, this is the original rule. Or do we say: it is the speech attributed to the subject, and that is easy!
The student: And do we not say the part that completes?
The Shaykh : Yes?
The student: And do we not say the part that completes?
The Shaykh : What Khalid said is a valid objection to it.
The student: Yes.
Another student: But some people say, May Allah reward you!
The Shaykh : "Is Zayd a winner?" "Is Zayd one of the people of sound judgment?" So "one of the people of sound judgment" completes the benefit with the subject, and yet it is not a predicate.
The student: It means that it is what the speech begins with, and it is in the nominative case.
The Shaykh : That is, the nominative noun that is free from verbal factors. That is correct. And what is the definition of the predicate (khabar)? Muhammad ibn Salama!
The student: The predicate, O Shaykh, is the part that completes the benefit.
The Shaykh : The predicate is: the part that completes the benefit. So: "Zayd stood up." Zayd is the predicate because the benefit was completed by it?
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : Yes, is that so?!
The student: But we do not say: "Zayd is the predicate," for example, "Like Allah, the Generous".
The Shaykh : You give us the definition of the predicate, regardless of whether it is in the *Alfiyyah* or not!
The student: It is, O Shaykh: the nominative noun attributed to the subject (mubtada').
The Shaykh : The nominative noun attributed to a subject. Good, Zayn. Or the noun by which the benefit is completed with the subject. You must specify!
The student: "Like Allah, the Generous".
The Shaykh : Did you understand, yes?! Good.
The student: But the descriptive attribute (wasf) was not excluded!
The Shaykh : Huh?
The student: The descriptive attribute was not excluded.
The Shaykh : About?
The student: I say: the descriptive attribute was not excluded. May Allah reward you.
The Shaykh : Inquire about what?
The student: From the definition, because it includes even the descriptive attribute.
The Shaykh : How?
The student: I say: it includes even the nominative descriptive attribute!
The Shaykh : Yes, I do.
The student: This definition!
The Shaykh : No.
The student: How?
The Shaykh : If we say: the predicate is the part by which the benefit is completed with the subject, with the subject, the benefit!!
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : Or do we say: it is the nominative noun attributed to the subject.
The student: Here is the meaning.
The Shaykh : This is correct. There is nothing to criticize about this.
The student: The sentence, O Shaykh!
The Shaykh : Yes?
The student: The predicate can be a sentence.
The Shaykh : Yes, I do.
The student: A noun!
The Shaykh : We say: it is the noun, this is the original rule. Or do we say: it is the speech attributed to the subject, and that is easy!
The student: And do we not say the part that completes?
The Shaykh : Yes?
The student: And do we not say the part that completes?
The Shaykh : What Khalid said is a valid objection to it.
The student: Yes.
Another student: But some people say, May Allah reward you!
The Shaykh : "Is Zayd a winner?" "Is Zayd one of the people of sound judgment?" So "one of the people of sound judgment" completes the benefit with the subject, and yet it is not a predicate.