Discussion of the categories of the predicate with grammatical analysis
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The Shaykh : Together, into how many categories is the predicate divided? Yes, the author (may Allah have mercy on him) [divided it into]: the preposition and its object, the adverb, and the verb with its subject. We added one, which is the verb with the passive subject. Good, and the subject with the predicate, the subject with the predicate. So let us return now to the grammatical analysis, to the grammatical analysis. Analyze... and its verb here. Khalid. Analyze "Muhammad in the mosque."
The student: Muhammad: subject, raised by the subject marker, and the sign of its raising is the visible dammah on its end. In the mosque.
The Shaykh : In the mosque.
The student: In the mosque is a preposition and its object.
The Shaykh : Can you break it down?
The student: Except
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: In: preposition.
The Shaykh : In: preposition.
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: The mosque: a noun in the genitive case due to "in," and the sign of its genitive is the visible kasrah on its end. The preposition and its object are attached to a deleted word, estimated to be "existing in the mosque."
The Shaykh : Existing in the mosque.
The student: And the sentence of the preposition and its object.
The Shaykh : No, no, that is not sufficient. Good. The ball under the chair.
The student: The ball: subject, raised by the subject marker, and the sign of its raising is a visible dammah on its end.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: Under the chair. Under: an adverb of place, an adverb of place, in the accusative case due to being an adverb, and the sign of its accusative is the visible fathah on its end.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: Under the chair. The chair: "under" is a noun with a genitive object, and "the chair" is the genitive object, in the genitive case, and the sign of its genitive is a hidden kasrah on its end.
The Shaykh : The chair.
The student: The chair.
The Shaykh : Hidden on its end.
The student: Yes, or it is visible.
The Shaykh : What is it? Or here?
The student: Or it was prevented, meaning.
The Shaykh : Ah?
The student: Or no, what is it? Or here?
The Shaykh : Ah?
The student: Meaning, rather, a visible kasrah on its end.
The Shaykh : Good, where is the predicate?
The student: The predicate and the adverb.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: Attached to a deleted word, estimated to be "existing."
The Shaykh : Existing.
The student: Existing.
The Shaykh : Good, well done. Zayd, his slave girl is going.
The student: Zayd: subject, raised by the subject marker, and the sign of its raising is the visible dammah.
The Shaykh : Zayd, subject, raised.
The student: By the subject marker.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: And the sign of its raising is the visible dammah on its end. And "his slave girl," "slave girl" is the predicate, predicate, second subject.
The Shaykh : how
The student: Second subject.
The Shaykh : Slave girl.
The student: Slave girl.
The Shaykh : Second subject, yes.
The student: Raised, and the sign of its raising is the visible dammah on its end. I say subject, and the sign of its raising is the visible dammah on its end.
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: And it is a noun with a genitive object, and the pronoun.
The Shaykh : Slave girl, a noun with a genitive object.
The student: And the pronoun is in the genitive case due to the genitive relationship, built on the dammah, in the position of the genitive case due to the genitive relationship.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: Going.
The Shaykh : Going.
The student: Going is the predicate.
The Shaykh : Predicate, what?
The student: Predicate of the subject.
The Shaykh : Zayd, or predicate of "slave girl"?
The student: Predicate of "slave girl," raised by the subject marker, and the sign of its raising is the visible dammah on its end.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: And the sentence of the second subject and the second predicate is in the position of the raising.
The Shaykh : Pay attention to the grammatical analysis, you see this analysis is long. Yes, the sentence of the second subject and its predicate.
The student: It is in the position of a nominative predicate.
The Shaykh : Is in the position of the raising, the predicate of the first subject. Pay attention, if the predicate is a sentence, there must be a connector, there must be a connector that links it to the subject. Here, the connector between the subject and the predicate is the pronoun in "his slave girl is going." Good, because if you did not bring a connector, it would not be clear that the second sentence is the predicate of the first. If you said "Zayd, a slave girl is going," how is this? "Zayd, a house is spacious," it does not stand. There must be a pronoun that links the predicate to the subject. From after you, here, did you analyze it? Did you not analyze it before? Good. "Zayd, his father stood up."
The student: Zayd, subject, raised by the subject marker. Stood up.
The Shaykh : And its sign of raising.
The student: The sign of its raising is the visible dammah on its end.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: Stood up: past tense verb, built on the fathah.
The Shaykh : To the opening (fathah).
The student: His father.
The Shaykh : Father.
The student: Father is the predicate.
The Shaykh : No.
The student: Father is the subject.
The Shaykh : Subject of "stood up."
The student: Subject of "stood up," and raised by the waw in place of the dammah.
The Shaykh : In place of the dammah, here.
The student: Because it is one of the five nouns.
The Shaykh : Because it is one of the five nouns, yes, his father.
The student: His father.
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: His father is a noun with a genitive object, and the pronoun is the genitive object.
The Shaykh : Yes, his father is built.
The student: His father is built on the dammah.
The Shaykh : In the position of?
The student: In the position of the genitive case.
The Shaykh : In the position of the genitive case. Good, and the sentence.
The student: And the sentence.
The Shaykh : No, no, complete it, meaning, I mean the grammatical analysis, complete it. The sentence of the verb.
The student: The sentence of the verb and the subject.
The Shaykh : And the subject, of the verb and the subject, is in the position.
The student: In the position of the raising.
The Shaykh : Yes, in the position of the raising, the predicate.
The student: Predicate of the subject.
The Shaykh : Predicate of the subject, and the connector.
The student: And the connector.
The Shaykh : The pronoun in "his father," like this. If I said "Zayd, 'Umar's father is standing," is that valid or not valid?
The student: No.
The Shaykh : Why?
The student: There is no connector.
The Shaykh : There is no connector. That is all. The brother is ready.
The student: If Allah wills.
The Shaykh : Zayd, his wealth was stolen.
The student: Zayd: subject, raised by the subject marker, and the sign of its raising is the visible dammah on its end.
Was stolen: past tense verb, built on the fathah, and "wealth" is the object.
The Shaykh : No.
The student: Wealth is the passive subject.
The Shaykh : Passive subject.
The student: The substitute for the doer.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: It is raised.
The Shaykh : Yes, and the sign of its raising.
The student: And the sign of its raising is the visible dammah on its end.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: And "wealth" is a noun with a genitive object, and the pronoun is the genitive object. And the sentence of the verb.
The Shaykh : Is built.
The student: Built for the passive subject.
The Shaykh : How? His wealth.
The student: Built on the dammah.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: And the sentence of the verb.
The Shaykh : In the position of what? In the position of what?
The student: Yes
The Shaykh : The pronoun is built on the dammah, in the position of what?
The student: In the position of the genitive case, genitive object.
The Shaykh : Good, and the sentence.
The student: The verb and the subject is the predicate.
The Shaykh : Of the verb.
The student: Of the verb and the subject.
The Shaykh : We have a subject.
The student: Of the verb and the passive subject.
The Shaykh : And the passive subject.
The student: In the position of the predicate of the subject.
The Shaykh : In the position of the raising.
The student: In the position of the raising, the predicate of the first subject.
The Shaykh : What do you say? The first? We do not have a second subject until you say the first subject.
The student: In the position of the raising of the subject.
The Shaykh : The *khabar* of the *mubtada'*.
The student: In the position of the raising, the predicate of the subject.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: And the connector is in "his wealth."
The Shaykh : His wealth. Well done. Come, 'Adil. Adam is eager.
The student: Adam: subject.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: And it is raised by the dammah.
The Shaykh : By the subject marker, yes, and the sign of its raising.
The student: The visible damma on its end.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: Eager.
The Shaykh : Eager.
The student: Eager is the predicate.
The Shaykh : The *khabar* of the *mubtada'*.
The student: Predicate of the subject.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: Predicate of the subject.
The Shaykh : Marfu'
The student: With a *dammah*.
The Shaykh : By the subject marker.
The student: By the subject marker.
The Shaykh : Yes, and the sign of its raising.
The student: The visible damma on its end.
The Shaykh : Good. This predicate now, is it singular or not singular? Come, you.
The student: Not singular.
The Shaykh : Wait, no, this is like one person who is going to perform ablution, but yes, here.
The student: Not singular.
The Shaykh : Adam is eager.
The student: Singular.
The Shaykh : Singular, and what do you say?
The student: Correct.
The Shaykh : Correct. Come, "The moon is bright." This is easy, easy, here.
The reader: The predicate "The chapter on the factors that enter the subject and the predicate, and they are three things: "kana" and its sisters, "inna" and its sisters, and "zannat" and its sisters. He said, "As for 'kana' and its sisters"
The Shaykh : And do not let him, but he asks you.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Ah?
The reader: "They raise the noun and put the predicate in the accusative case, and they are "kana," "amsa," "asbaha," "adhha," "zala," "bata," "sara," "laysa," "ma zala," "ma infaka," "ma fati'a," "ma baraha," "ma dama," and what is derived from them, such as "kana" and "yakunu" and "kun" and "asbaha" and "yasbahu" and "asbaha." You say "Zayd was standing" and "'Amr is not present" and the like of that.
The Shaykh : Can you do something?
The student: ...
The Shaykh : What?
The student: ...
The student: Muhammad: subject, raised by the subject marker, and the sign of its raising is the visible dammah on its end. In the mosque.
The Shaykh : In the mosque.
The student: In the mosque is a preposition and its object.
The Shaykh : Can you break it down?
The student: Except
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: In: preposition.
The Shaykh : In: preposition.
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: The mosque: a noun in the genitive case due to "in," and the sign of its genitive is the visible kasrah on its end. The preposition and its object are attached to a deleted word, estimated to be "existing in the mosque."
The Shaykh : Existing in the mosque.
The student: And the sentence of the preposition and its object.
The Shaykh : No, no, that is not sufficient. Good. The ball under the chair.
The student: The ball: subject, raised by the subject marker, and the sign of its raising is a visible dammah on its end.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: Under the chair. Under: an adverb of place, an adverb of place, in the accusative case due to being an adverb, and the sign of its accusative is the visible fathah on its end.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: Under the chair. The chair: "under" is a noun with a genitive object, and "the chair" is the genitive object, in the genitive case, and the sign of its genitive is a hidden kasrah on its end.
The Shaykh : The chair.
The student: The chair.
The Shaykh : Hidden on its end.
The student: Yes, or it is visible.
The Shaykh : What is it? Or here?
The student: Or it was prevented, meaning.
The Shaykh : Ah?
The student: Or no, what is it? Or here?
The Shaykh : Ah?
The student: Meaning, rather, a visible kasrah on its end.
The Shaykh : Good, where is the predicate?
The student: The predicate and the adverb.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: Attached to a deleted word, estimated to be "existing."
The Shaykh : Existing.
The student: Existing.
The Shaykh : Good, well done. Zayd, his slave girl is going.
The student: Zayd: subject, raised by the subject marker, and the sign of its raising is the visible dammah.
The Shaykh : Zayd, subject, raised.
The student: By the subject marker.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: And the sign of its raising is the visible dammah on its end. And "his slave girl," "slave girl" is the predicate, predicate, second subject.
The Shaykh : how
The student: Second subject.
The Shaykh : Slave girl.
The student: Slave girl.
The Shaykh : Second subject, yes.
The student: Raised, and the sign of its raising is the visible dammah on its end. I say subject, and the sign of its raising is the visible dammah on its end.
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: And it is a noun with a genitive object, and the pronoun.
The Shaykh : Slave girl, a noun with a genitive object.
The student: And the pronoun is in the genitive case due to the genitive relationship, built on the dammah, in the position of the genitive case due to the genitive relationship.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: Going.
The Shaykh : Going.
The student: Going is the predicate.
The Shaykh : Predicate, what?
The student: Predicate of the subject.
The Shaykh : Zayd, or predicate of "slave girl"?
The student: Predicate of "slave girl," raised by the subject marker, and the sign of its raising is the visible dammah on its end.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: And the sentence of the second subject and the second predicate is in the position of the raising.
The Shaykh : Pay attention to the grammatical analysis, you see this analysis is long. Yes, the sentence of the second subject and its predicate.
The student: It is in the position of a nominative predicate.
The Shaykh : Is in the position of the raising, the predicate of the first subject. Pay attention, if the predicate is a sentence, there must be a connector, there must be a connector that links it to the subject. Here, the connector between the subject and the predicate is the pronoun in "his slave girl is going." Good, because if you did not bring a connector, it would not be clear that the second sentence is the predicate of the first. If you said "Zayd, a slave girl is going," how is this? "Zayd, a house is spacious," it does not stand. There must be a pronoun that links the predicate to the subject. From after you, here, did you analyze it? Did you not analyze it before? Good. "Zayd, his father stood up."
The student: Zayd, subject, raised by the subject marker. Stood up.
The Shaykh : And its sign of raising.
The student: The sign of its raising is the visible dammah on its end.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: Stood up: past tense verb, built on the fathah.
The Shaykh : To the opening (fathah).
The student: His father.
The Shaykh : Father.
The student: Father is the predicate.
The Shaykh : No.
The student: Father is the subject.
The Shaykh : Subject of "stood up."
The student: Subject of "stood up," and raised by the waw in place of the dammah.
The Shaykh : In place of the dammah, here.
The student: Because it is one of the five nouns.
The Shaykh : Because it is one of the five nouns, yes, his father.
The student: His father.
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: His father is a noun with a genitive object, and the pronoun is the genitive object.
The Shaykh : Yes, his father is built.
The student: His father is built on the dammah.
The Shaykh : In the position of?
The student: In the position of the genitive case.
The Shaykh : In the position of the genitive case. Good, and the sentence.
The student: And the sentence.
The Shaykh : No, no, complete it, meaning, I mean the grammatical analysis, complete it. The sentence of the verb.
The student: The sentence of the verb and the subject.
The Shaykh : And the subject, of the verb and the subject, is in the position.
The student: In the position of the raising.
The Shaykh : Yes, in the position of the raising, the predicate.
The student: Predicate of the subject.
The Shaykh : Predicate of the subject, and the connector.
The student: And the connector.
The Shaykh : The pronoun in "his father," like this. If I said "Zayd, 'Umar's father is standing," is that valid or not valid?
The student: No.
The Shaykh : Why?
The student: There is no connector.
The Shaykh : There is no connector. That is all. The brother is ready.
The student: If Allah wills.
The Shaykh : Zayd, his wealth was stolen.
The student: Zayd: subject, raised by the subject marker, and the sign of its raising is the visible dammah on its end.
Was stolen: past tense verb, built on the fathah, and "wealth" is the object.
The Shaykh : No.
The student: Wealth is the passive subject.
The Shaykh : Passive subject.
The student: The substitute for the doer.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: It is raised.
The Shaykh : Yes, and the sign of its raising.
The student: And the sign of its raising is the visible dammah on its end.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: And "wealth" is a noun with a genitive object, and the pronoun is the genitive object. And the sentence of the verb.
The Shaykh : Is built.
The student: Built for the passive subject.
The Shaykh : How? His wealth.
The student: Built on the dammah.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: And the sentence of the verb.
The Shaykh : In the position of what? In the position of what?
The student: Yes
The Shaykh : The pronoun is built on the dammah, in the position of what?
The student: In the position of the genitive case, genitive object.
The Shaykh : Good, and the sentence.
The student: The verb and the subject is the predicate.
The Shaykh : Of the verb.
The student: Of the verb and the subject.
The Shaykh : We have a subject.
The student: Of the verb and the passive subject.
The Shaykh : And the passive subject.
The student: In the position of the predicate of the subject.
The Shaykh : In the position of the raising.
The student: In the position of the raising, the predicate of the first subject.
The Shaykh : What do you say? The first? We do not have a second subject until you say the first subject.
The student: In the position of the raising of the subject.
The Shaykh : The *khabar* of the *mubtada'*.
The student: In the position of the raising, the predicate of the subject.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: And the connector is in "his wealth."
The Shaykh : His wealth. Well done. Come, 'Adil. Adam is eager.
The student: Adam: subject.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: And it is raised by the dammah.
The Shaykh : By the subject marker, yes, and the sign of its raising.
The student: The visible damma on its end.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: Eager.
The Shaykh : Eager.
The student: Eager is the predicate.
The Shaykh : The *khabar* of the *mubtada'*.
The student: Predicate of the subject.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: Predicate of the subject.
The Shaykh : Marfu'
The student: With a *dammah*.
The Shaykh : By the subject marker.
The student: By the subject marker.
The Shaykh : Yes, and the sign of its raising.
The student: The visible damma on its end.
The Shaykh : Good. This predicate now, is it singular or not singular? Come, you.
The student: Not singular.
The Shaykh : Wait, no, this is like one person who is going to perform ablution, but yes, here.
The student: Not singular.
The Shaykh : Adam is eager.
The student: Singular.
The Shaykh : Singular, and what do you say?
The student: Correct.
The Shaykh : Correct. Come, "The moon is bright." This is easy, easy, here.
The reader: The predicate "The chapter on the factors that enter the subject and the predicate, and they are three things: "kana" and its sisters, "inna" and its sisters, and "zannat" and its sisters. He said, "As for 'kana' and its sisters"
The Shaykh : And do not let him, but he asks you.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Ah?
The reader: "They raise the noun and put the predicate in the accusative case, and they are "kana," "amsa," "asbaha," "adhha," "zala," "bata," "sara," "laysa," "ma zala," "ma infaka," "ma fati'a," "ma baraha," "ma dama," and what is derived from them, such as "kana" and "yakunu" and "kun" and "asbaha" and "yasbahu" and "asbaha." You say "Zayd was standing" and "'Amr is not present" and the like of that.
The Shaykh : Can you do something?
The student: ...
The Shaykh : What?
The student: ...