Explanation of the words of Ibn Malik (may Allah have mercy on him): "Like the driver who begins to sing, and began *** Thus I made, and I took, and I hung."
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The Shaykh :"Like the driver who begins to sing" This "like the driver" is a prepositional phrase serving as the predicate for an omitted subject, meaning "it is like the driver." When he pointed to the essence of beginning, he started to explain it, saying: "Like the driver who begins to sing" meaning that is like saying: "The driver began to sing."
So then, "like the driver who begins to sing."
The letter kaf is a preposition, and "the driver began to sing" is in the genitive case due to the kaf, is that right? The entire sentence, because it is as if he said "like this example." So, "like the driver who begins to sing" is one of the verbs of beginning.
"And began" The second is "began to do" such and such, meaning he started such and such, O Sa'd? "Began to do" such and such means he started.
The third is: "I made," you say "he made to do" such and such, "he made to walk," "he made to stand," "he made to perform ablution," "he made to eat," "he made to drink," and the like.
"I took" You say "I took to speak" or "he took to speak" or the like.
"And hung" "Hung" is also one of the verbs of beginning, and some scholars denied it, but it is attested from the Arabs. You say: "he hung to do" meaning "he began to do." Good.
And from that also is "started." We say that the verbs of beginning are such that we can include "started." "He started to do" such and such, "he started to do" such and such and such and such, do you understand? So the verbs of beginning are everything that indicates beginning. This is the rule: everything that indicates beginning and intends beginning is included in that.
Then we say: everything we find that is a word indicating beginning, it performs this function, unless what the language requires prevents the construction. That is, if the construction is not linguistically valid, we do not accept it; otherwise, every word that indicates beginning is included in that. Good. The verbs of beginning: "the driver began to sing." If someone said "the driver began to sing" with "an," what is it?
The student: Error
The Shaykh : Is it an error or rare?
The student: Error
The Shaykh : It is an error. Why? Because it says: "Omit 'an' with the verb of beginning, it is obligatory"
Good. Then the author said, now he has moved from explaining the conjunction of these tools or these verbs with "an" and their non-conjunction with it. Are these verbs conjugated or do they remain in the past tense?
The student: ... present tense
The Shaykh : How?
The student: Present tense.
The Shaykh : Its predicate must be in the present tense.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: ... present tense verb
The Shaykh : Yes, yes. What contradicts the verbs of beginning is necessary, necessary. Its predicate must be a verb.
The student: Present tense.
The Shaykh : A present tense verb free from "an." Good. And for this example: "Like the driver who begins to sing" this example is considered a specification of the conditions, meaning you cannot say: "The man took to do such and such," "The man started to do such and such," and you intend the verbs of beginning that began with the action. Therefore, we say that verbs of beginning generally only enter upon something extended, meaning he does something bit by bit. This is the general rule. But if it enters upon something that ends at once, it is not one of the verbs of beginning.
And they used "began." The author (may Allah have mercy on him) used these verbs: are they conjugated or must they be in the past tense form?
So then, "like the driver who begins to sing."
The letter kaf is a preposition, and "the driver began to sing" is in the genitive case due to the kaf, is that right? The entire sentence, because it is as if he said "like this example." So, "like the driver who begins to sing" is one of the verbs of beginning.
"And began" The second is "began to do" such and such, meaning he started such and such, O Sa'd? "Began to do" such and such means he started.
The third is: "I made," you say "he made to do" such and such, "he made to walk," "he made to stand," "he made to perform ablution," "he made to eat," "he made to drink," and the like.
"I took" You say "I took to speak" or "he took to speak" or the like.
"And hung" "Hung" is also one of the verbs of beginning, and some scholars denied it, but it is attested from the Arabs. You say: "he hung to do" meaning "he began to do." Good.
And from that also is "started." We say that the verbs of beginning are such that we can include "started." "He started to do" such and such, "he started to do" such and such and such and such, do you understand? So the verbs of beginning are everything that indicates beginning. This is the rule: everything that indicates beginning and intends beginning is included in that.
Then we say: everything we find that is a word indicating beginning, it performs this function, unless what the language requires prevents the construction. That is, if the construction is not linguistically valid, we do not accept it; otherwise, every word that indicates beginning is included in that. Good. The verbs of beginning: "the driver began to sing." If someone said "the driver began to sing" with "an," what is it?
The student: Error
The Shaykh : Is it an error or rare?
The student: Error
The Shaykh : It is an error. Why? Because it says: "Omit 'an' with the verb of beginning, it is obligatory"
Good. Then the author said, now he has moved from explaining the conjunction of these tools or these verbs with "an" and their non-conjunction with it. Are these verbs conjugated or do they remain in the past tense?
The student: ... present tense
The Shaykh : How?
The student: Present tense.
The Shaykh : Its predicate must be in the present tense.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: ... present tense verb
The Shaykh : Yes, yes. What contradicts the verbs of beginning is necessary, necessary. Its predicate must be a verb.
The student: Present tense.
The Shaykh : A present tense verb free from "an." Good. And for this example: "Like the driver who begins to sing" this example is considered a specification of the conditions, meaning you cannot say: "The man took to do such and such," "The man started to do such and such," and you intend the verbs of beginning that began with the action. Therefore, we say that verbs of beginning generally only enter upon something extended, meaning he does something bit by bit. This is the general rule. But if it enters upon something that ends at once, it is not one of the verbs of beginning.
And they used "began." The author (may Allah have mercy on him) used these verbs: are they conjugated or must they be in the past tense form?