Discussion of what was previously taken from the chapter on verbs of approximation.
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The Shaykh : In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
Praise be to Allah, Lord of the worlds, and may Allah send prayers and blessings upon our Prophet Muhammad, and upon his family and his Companions, and upon those who follow them with excellence until the Day of Judgment.
The words that change the subject and predicate are divided into three categories. Your name is Nasser.
The student: They are nouns, verbs, and particles.
The Shaykh : Error.
The student: Three.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: ...
The Shaykh : A mistake, yes.
The student: Three.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: They raise the subject and put the predicate in the accusative case.
The Shaykh : What raises the subject and puts the predicate in the accusative case.
The student: The second: What puts the subject in the accusative case and raises the predicate.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: The third: What puts both in the accusative case.
The Shaykh : all
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : Correct. This is in terms of grammatical function, not in terms of whether the tool is a verb, a noun, or a particle.
So, in terms of grammatical function, they are divided into three categories: what changes both the subject and the predicate, what raises the subject and puts the predicate in the accusative case, and what puts the subject in the accusative case and raises the predicate.
"Kana" and its sisters were previously mentioned as raising the subject and putting the predicate in the accusative case. The raising of the subject does not mean it remains as it was; rather, it is a new raising by "Kana."
Similarly, "Inna" and its sisters do the opposite: they put the subject in the accusative case, which is clear, and they raise the predicate. The raising of the predicate is not the original raising that existed before "Inna" entered; it is a new raising. Pay attention to this, because some people may say:
"Kana Zaydun qaiman." Zayd is in the nominative case due to being the subject, so we say: No, Zayd is in the nominative case due to "Kana." The raising that occurred to him is a new raising.
"Inna Zaydan qaimun." Some people may say that "qaim" is in the nominative case as...
The student: It is a predicate (khabar).
The Shaykh : ...the predicate of the subject. We say: No, it is in the nominative case as the predicate of "Inna," because "Inna" has given it a new raising. Therefore, regarding the predicate of "Kana" in "Kana" and its sisters, it was said that "Kana" raises the subject as previously mentioned, and it puts the predicate in the accusative case. Here, may Allah have mercy on him, says:
The reader: "Inna and its sisters..."
The student: O Shaykh, the review is not done in every chapter, we said this.
Praise be to Allah, Lord of the worlds, and may Allah send prayers and blessings upon our Prophet Muhammad, and upon his family and his Companions, and upon those who follow them with excellence until the Day of Judgment.
The words that change the subject and predicate are divided into three categories. Your name is Nasser.
The student: They are nouns, verbs, and particles.
The Shaykh : Error.
The student: Three.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: ...
The Shaykh : A mistake, yes.
The student: Three.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: They raise the subject and put the predicate in the accusative case.
The Shaykh : What raises the subject and puts the predicate in the accusative case.
The student: The second: What puts the subject in the accusative case and raises the predicate.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: The third: What puts both in the accusative case.
The Shaykh : all
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : Correct. This is in terms of grammatical function, not in terms of whether the tool is a verb, a noun, or a particle.
So, in terms of grammatical function, they are divided into three categories: what changes both the subject and the predicate, what raises the subject and puts the predicate in the accusative case, and what puts the subject in the accusative case and raises the predicate.
"Kana" and its sisters were previously mentioned as raising the subject and putting the predicate in the accusative case. The raising of the subject does not mean it remains as it was; rather, it is a new raising by "Kana."
Similarly, "Inna" and its sisters do the opposite: they put the subject in the accusative case, which is clear, and they raise the predicate. The raising of the predicate is not the original raising that existed before "Inna" entered; it is a new raising. Pay attention to this, because some people may say:
"Kana Zaydun qaiman." Zayd is in the nominative case due to being the subject, so we say: No, Zayd is in the nominative case due to "Kana." The raising that occurred to him is a new raising.
"Inna Zaydan qaimun." Some people may say that "qaim" is in the nominative case as...
The student: It is a predicate (khabar).
The Shaykh : ...the predicate of the subject. We say: No, it is in the nominative case as the predicate of "Inna," because "Inna" has given it a new raising. Therefore, regarding the predicate of "Kana" in "Kana" and its sisters, it was said that "Kana" raises the subject as previously mentioned, and it puts the predicate in the accusative case. Here, may Allah have mercy on him, says:
The reader: "Inna and its sisters..."
The student: O Shaykh, the review is not done in every chapter, we said this.