Explanation of the words of Ibn Malik (may Allah have mercy on him): "With the following of the fa' of the consequence, and this is consistent *** in the like of 'The best of speech is that I praise.'"
Machine translationRead the Arabic original
The Shaykh : The third location. He said: "With the following of the fa' of the consequence". This is the third location, meaning that when "an" occurs after the fa' that connects the answer, it is permissible to use either the kasrah or the fathah. With the kasrah, the sentence is an independent statement; with the fathah, the sentence is interpreted as a verbal noun, and the predicate is omitted. For example, His saying, the Exalted: [Al-An'am 6:54] What is it? Here, when "an" occurs in the answer to a condition accompanied by the fa', it is permissible to use either the fathah or the kasrah for its hamzah. So "fa-anna" and "fa-inna" are both good. We will bring an example from ourselves so that we can manipulate it.
If Zayd visits me, then he is sincere in affection. If Zayd visits me, then he is sincere in affection. What is permissible? It is permissible to say "fa-anna he is sincere," and it is permissible to say "fa-inna he is sincere."
On the assumption of "fa-anna he is sincere," we say:
The fa': connects the answer.
And "an" with its subject and its predicate: is interpreted as a verbal noun, meaning "so his sincerity," and the predicate is omitted in this case. The implied meaning is "so his sincerity is established," "so his sincerity is established." However, if we make it with a kasrah, we say:
The fa': connects the answer.
And "in": is a particle of emphasis that puts the subject in the accusative case and raises the predicate.
And the hah: is its subject.
And "sincere": is its predicate. We do not need to arrange it, so the one who says "If Zayd visits me, fa-anna he is sincere in his affection" versus "If Zayd visits me, fa-inna he is sincere in his affection," which is more correct?
The student: The kasrah.
The Shaykh : Pay attention. "If Zayd visits me, fa-inna he is sincere in his affection" and "If Zayd visits me, fa-anna he is sincere in his affection," both options are permissible, both options are permissible. For this reason, he said: "With the following of the fa' of the consequence," meaning with the following of the fa' that occurs in the consequence, meaning in the answer. These are the locations.
The fourth. He said: "And this is consistent". The referent of "this" is the permissibility of the fathah and the kasrah, and "this is consistent" in the like of "The best of speech is that I praise." Yes, meaning that both options are also permissible in a sentence like this: "The best of speech is that I praise". "The best of speech is that I praise." It is permissible to use either the fathah or the kasrah for the hamzah of "in." The fathah is on the assumption that it is in the position of a singular noun, meaning "The best of speech is praising Allah," so "an" and what it governs are interpreted as a verbal noun, which is the predicate of what? The predicate of "best," the predicate of "best." The kasrah is on the assumption that it is an independent sentence, meaning "The best of speech is that I say, 'I praise Allah.'" This is the meaning of the sentence with the kasrah of the hamzah: "The best of speech is that I say, 'I praise Allah.'" As for the first option, the meaning is: "The best of speech is what? Praising Allah." Which is more emphatic in the matter of a person praising Allah? Yes.
The student: The kasrah.
The Shaykh : The kasrah, because if you say "The best of speech is praising Allah" without saying "The best of speech is that I praise Allah," because the second one contains emphasis, the second one contains emphasis. Good, we read.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : The time has ended now.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Good, the grammatical analysis, the analysis of "al" that you did not point out to us.
Your Lord has decreed upon Himself mercy: that any of you who does wrong out of ignorance and then repents after that and corrects himself
كتب ربكم على نفسه الرحمة أنه من عمل منكم سوءً بجهالة ثم تاب من بعده وأصلحfa-anna
فأنهIf Zayd visits me, then he is sincere in affection. If Zayd visits me, then he is sincere in affection. What is permissible? It is permissible to say "fa-anna he is sincere," and it is permissible to say "fa-inna he is sincere."
On the assumption of "fa-anna he is sincere," we say:
The fa': connects the answer.
And "an" with its subject and its predicate: is interpreted as a verbal noun, meaning "so his sincerity," and the predicate is omitted in this case. The implied meaning is "so his sincerity is established," "so his sincerity is established." However, if we make it with a kasrah, we say:
The fa': connects the answer.
And "in": is a particle of emphasis that puts the subject in the accusative case and raises the predicate.
And the hah: is its subject.
And "sincere": is its predicate. We do not need to arrange it, so the one who says "If Zayd visits me, fa-anna he is sincere in his affection" versus "If Zayd visits me, fa-inna he is sincere in his affection," which is more correct?
The student: The kasrah.
The Shaykh : Pay attention. "If Zayd visits me, fa-inna he is sincere in his affection" and "If Zayd visits me, fa-anna he is sincere in his affection," both options are permissible, both options are permissible. For this reason, he said: "With the following of the fa' of the consequence," meaning with the following of the fa' that occurs in the consequence, meaning in the answer. These are the locations.
The fourth. He said: "And this is consistent". The referent of "this" is the permissibility of the fathah and the kasrah, and "this is consistent" in the like of "The best of speech is that I praise." Yes, meaning that both options are also permissible in a sentence like this: "The best of speech is that I praise". "The best of speech is that I praise." It is permissible to use either the fathah or the kasrah for the hamzah of "in." The fathah is on the assumption that it is in the position of a singular noun, meaning "The best of speech is praising Allah," so "an" and what it governs are interpreted as a verbal noun, which is the predicate of what? The predicate of "best," the predicate of "best." The kasrah is on the assumption that it is an independent sentence, meaning "The best of speech is that I say, 'I praise Allah.'" This is the meaning of the sentence with the kasrah of the hamzah: "The best of speech is that I say, 'I praise Allah.'" As for the first option, the meaning is: "The best of speech is what? Praising Allah." Which is more emphatic in the matter of a person praising Allah? Yes.
The student: The kasrah.
The Shaykh : The kasrah, because if you say "The best of speech is praising Allah" without saying "The best of speech is that I praise Allah," because the second one contains emphasis, the second one contains emphasis. Good, we read.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : The time has ended now.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Good, the grammatical analysis, the analysis of "al" that you did not point out to us.