Explanation of the words of Ibn Malik (may Allah have mercy on him): "Thus is the repeated and the restricted, and arrived *** as a substitute for a verb for a proper noun it relied upon."
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The Shaykh : He said: "Thus is the repeated and the restricted, and arrived" "Thus is the repeated" means: "Thus" is a repeated verbal noun.
"And the restricted, and arrived *** as a substitute for a verb for a proper noun it relied upon" Is that clear, Ghanim? Hmm?
The student: It is clear.
The Shaykh : Okay, "Thus is the repeated" is one, and "the restricted" is the second, and "arrived" means: both arrived. Here, the author should have said: "arrived" (dual), "arrived" (dual), but the meter prevented him from doing so. "Arrived" (dual), what? A substitute for a verb. A substitute for a verb means it took the place of this verb, for a proper noun it relied upon. This verb relied upon a proper noun, meaning: a person. "Proper noun" means, the opposite of "common noun" in meaning. That is, if a common noun precedes, and after it comes a verbal noun that is a substitute for a verb, either repeated or restricted, then it is obligatory to delete its operator. It is obligatory to delete its operator. Let us start first with the repeated: "Zayd, walking, walking." Is Zayd a proper noun or a common noun?
The student: A proper noun.
The Shaykh : A proper noun? Yes, "walking, walking" is a repeated verbal noun. Its operator is the predicate for Zayd, the predicate for Zayd, meaning: it relied upon a proper noun. And its original form is: "Zayd walks, walking," "Zayd walks, walking." So, when the verbal noun is repeated, if we combine the repeated noun and its operator, there would be heaviness in the speech. Therefore, it is obligatory to delete the operator. So we say: "Zayd, walking, walking." And if I repeated "Zayd, walking, walking, walking," just as you would say to a person who is excessive in speech, what are you? "Chattering, chattering, chattering," meaning: you speak a lot. And in the colloquial language, it means... you do this thing a lot. In any case, if a repeated verbal noun comes as a substitute for a verb that is the predicate of a proper noun, then it is necessary to delete the operator. It is necessary to delete the operator. And his saying: "proper noun," if it had relied upon a common noun, yes?
The student: It is not permissible.
The Shaykh : It is not permissible, as if you said: "Your affair is striking, striking," "Your affair is striking, striking," meaning: your affair is that you strike, striking, striking. Here, it is permissible to mention the verb, because it is not a predicate for a proper noun, since "affair" is one of the meanings or one of the states. So it is not obligatory to delete it. The second issue, he said: "And the restricted" "The restricted" Do you know that restriction occurs through methods? The most famous and most common is negation and affirmation, and also "innama" (only), "innama," hmm? That is: restriction or negation and affirmation. Restriction has paths, some of which have been mentioned. We said if what is right to be delayed precedes, it indicates restriction. And among them, if it is accompanied by a separating pronoun, it is a sign of restriction. And many other things. The most famous and most common is negation and affirmation, and also "innama." You say, for example: "Zayd is nothing but walking," "Zayd is nothing but walking." What is the implied meaning?
The student: But he walks, walking.
The Shaykh : But he walks, walking. But he walks, walking. "Zayd is nothing but departing"? Hmm?
The student: He departs, departing.
The Shaykh : But he departs, departing. Here, the restriction is by what?
The student: By negation.
The Shaykh : By negation and by affirmation. "Zayd is not" is negation, and "but" is affirmation. Or you say with "innama": "Innama Zayd is walking," "Innama Zayd is walking" means: he walks, walking. Is there restriction here or not? Is there?
The student: No.
The Shaykh : ... "Innama," is that clear? Okay, so the meaning of this verse is that if the verbal noun comes as a substitute for a verb that is the predicate of a proper noun, and the second condition?
The student: Repeated.
The Shaykh : And it is repeated or restricted, restricted in it, and it is repeated or restricted in it, then it is necessary to delete its operator.
"And the restricted, and arrived *** as a substitute for a verb for a proper noun it relied upon" Is that clear, Ghanim? Hmm?
The student: It is clear.
The Shaykh : Okay, "Thus is the repeated" is one, and "the restricted" is the second, and "arrived" means: both arrived. Here, the author should have said: "arrived" (dual), "arrived" (dual), but the meter prevented him from doing so. "Arrived" (dual), what? A substitute for a verb. A substitute for a verb means it took the place of this verb, for a proper noun it relied upon. This verb relied upon a proper noun, meaning: a person. "Proper noun" means, the opposite of "common noun" in meaning. That is, if a common noun precedes, and after it comes a verbal noun that is a substitute for a verb, either repeated or restricted, then it is obligatory to delete its operator. It is obligatory to delete its operator. Let us start first with the repeated: "Zayd, walking, walking." Is Zayd a proper noun or a common noun?
The student: A proper noun.
The Shaykh : A proper noun? Yes, "walking, walking" is a repeated verbal noun. Its operator is the predicate for Zayd, the predicate for Zayd, meaning: it relied upon a proper noun. And its original form is: "Zayd walks, walking," "Zayd walks, walking." So, when the verbal noun is repeated, if we combine the repeated noun and its operator, there would be heaviness in the speech. Therefore, it is obligatory to delete the operator. So we say: "Zayd, walking, walking." And if I repeated "Zayd, walking, walking, walking," just as you would say to a person who is excessive in speech, what are you? "Chattering, chattering, chattering," meaning: you speak a lot. And in the colloquial language, it means... you do this thing a lot. In any case, if a repeated verbal noun comes as a substitute for a verb that is the predicate of a proper noun, then it is necessary to delete the operator. It is necessary to delete the operator. And his saying: "proper noun," if it had relied upon a common noun, yes?
The student: It is not permissible.
The Shaykh : It is not permissible, as if you said: "Your affair is striking, striking," "Your affair is striking, striking," meaning: your affair is that you strike, striking, striking. Here, it is permissible to mention the verb, because it is not a predicate for a proper noun, since "affair" is one of the meanings or one of the states. So it is not obligatory to delete it. The second issue, he said: "And the restricted" "The restricted" Do you know that restriction occurs through methods? The most famous and most common is negation and affirmation, and also "innama" (only), "innama," hmm? That is: restriction or negation and affirmation. Restriction has paths, some of which have been mentioned. We said if what is right to be delayed precedes, it indicates restriction. And among them, if it is accompanied by a separating pronoun, it is a sign of restriction. And many other things. The most famous and most common is negation and affirmation, and also "innama." You say, for example: "Zayd is nothing but walking," "Zayd is nothing but walking." What is the implied meaning?
The student: But he walks, walking.
The Shaykh : But he walks, walking. But he walks, walking. "Zayd is nothing but departing"? Hmm?
The student: He departs, departing.
The Shaykh : But he departs, departing. Here, the restriction is by what?
The student: By negation.
The Shaykh : By negation and by affirmation. "Zayd is not" is negation, and "but" is affirmation. Or you say with "innama": "Innama Zayd is walking," "Innama Zayd is walking" means: he walks, walking. Is there restriction here or not? Is there?
The student: No.
The Shaykh : ... "Innama," is that clear? Okay, so the meaning of this verse is that if the verbal noun comes as a substitute for a verb that is the predicate of a proper noun, and the second condition?
The student: Repeated.
The Shaykh : And it is repeated or restricted, restricted in it, and it is repeated or restricted in it, then it is necessary to delete its operator.