Explanation of the saying of Ibn Malik (may Allah have mercy on him): "For a verb, a valid noun with a sound 'ayn is Af'ul **** And for the quadriliteral, a name is also made"
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The Shaykh :"For a verb, a valid noun with a sound 'ayn is Af'ul":
Fa'l: A triliteral verb with an open 'ayn; a noun, as opposed to an adjective.
"Valid 'ayn": This means its 'ayn is not a letter of weakness. To guard against what? Against one whose 'ayn is a letter of weakness. If these three conditions are met, then its plural is on the pattern Af'ul, on the pattern Af'ul. Do you understand? Fa'l is a noun, here it has a sound 'ayn, its plural is on the pattern Af'ul. And what is an example?
Falas, and aflus. Do you know what a falas is?
A falas is a type of currency, like a qirsh. It is said: falas and aflus. Good. And his saying:
"For a verb, a noun":
If it is not on the pattern Fa'l, then its plural will not be on the pattern Af'ul. For example, if I said: shakhs (person), or what is valid? Is shakhs valid or not valid?
The student: Shakhs.
The Shaykh : No, it is not valid, because shakhs is on the pattern Fa'l. But if I said: dhi'b (wolf), dhi'b is a triliteral noun with a sound 'ayn!
The student: Not sound!
The Shaykh : No, it has a sound 'ayn.
The student: Dhi'b.
The Shaykh : It has a sound 'ayn.
The student: Dhi'b has a hamzah.
The Shaykh : It has a hamzah, good, but it is not on the pattern Fa'l, rather it is on the pattern Fi'l. For this reason, it is not said in its plural: Adhi'ub. Here, good. If it is on the pattern Fa'al, it is not on the pattern Fa'l, it is on the pattern Fa'al, so is it pluralized on the pattern Af'ul?
The student: It is not pluralized.
The Shaykh : No, like sabb (thread), one does not say: its plural is Asubb. What do we say?
The student: Asbab.
The Shaykh : Asbab, is that right?! But a person might come to us, what is its plural?
The student: Ashkhas.
The Shaykh : Ashkhas or Shukhus?
The student: Ashkhas.
The Shaykh : Or Ashkhas?! It is now Fa'l: a triliteral noun on the pattern Fa'l with a sound 'ayn, and yet from the Arabs only Ashkhas has been reported. And by this we know that the rule mentioned by these scholars (may Allah have mercy on them) regarding broken plurals is consistent or not consistent?
The student: Not consistent.
The Shaykh : Not consistent, so hearing (what is reported) is what governs.
Good. "A noun": To guard against the case where it is an adjective, like: fakhim (magnificent), dakhim (thick). The word dakhim is on the pattern Fa'l, but it is not a noun, rather it is an adjective. Do we say in it: Adukhum?!
The student: No.
The Shaykh : We do not say it, because it is an adjective and not a noun, and Ibn Malik says: "For a verb, a noun".
Good. "Sound 'ayn": If its 'ayn is weak!! Here?! If its 'ayn is weak, we look for a treatment in the Alfiah, so Zayd, Zayd here?
The student: Azayd!?
The Shaykh : Is it pluralized on the pattern Azayd?
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : No, why?
The student: Its 'ayn is weak.
The Shaykh : Because its 'ayn is weak. Good, if I said: Rawd, here?
The student: It is not pluralized.
The Shaykh : It is not pluralized on the pattern Arud, because the author says: "Sound 'ayn".
Fa'l: A triliteral verb with an open 'ayn; a noun, as opposed to an adjective.
"Valid 'ayn": This means its 'ayn is not a letter of weakness. To guard against what? Against one whose 'ayn is a letter of weakness. If these three conditions are met, then its plural is on the pattern Af'ul, on the pattern Af'ul. Do you understand? Fa'l is a noun, here it has a sound 'ayn, its plural is on the pattern Af'ul. And what is an example?
Falas, and aflus. Do you know what a falas is?
A falas is a type of currency, like a qirsh. It is said: falas and aflus. Good. And his saying:
"For a verb, a noun":
If it is not on the pattern Fa'l, then its plural will not be on the pattern Af'ul. For example, if I said: shakhs (person), or what is valid? Is shakhs valid or not valid?
The student: Shakhs.
The Shaykh : No, it is not valid, because shakhs is on the pattern Fa'l. But if I said: dhi'b (wolf), dhi'b is a triliteral noun with a sound 'ayn!
The student: Not sound!
The Shaykh : No, it has a sound 'ayn.
The student: Dhi'b.
The Shaykh : It has a sound 'ayn.
The student: Dhi'b has a hamzah.
The Shaykh : It has a hamzah, good, but it is not on the pattern Fa'l, rather it is on the pattern Fi'l. For this reason, it is not said in its plural: Adhi'ub. Here, good. If it is on the pattern Fa'al, it is not on the pattern Fa'l, it is on the pattern Fa'al, so is it pluralized on the pattern Af'ul?
The student: It is not pluralized.
The Shaykh : No, like sabb (thread), one does not say: its plural is Asubb. What do we say?
The student: Asbab.
The Shaykh : Asbab, is that right?! But a person might come to us, what is its plural?
The student: Ashkhas.
The Shaykh : Ashkhas or Shukhus?
The student: Ashkhas.
The Shaykh : Or Ashkhas?! It is now Fa'l: a triliteral noun on the pattern Fa'l with a sound 'ayn, and yet from the Arabs only Ashkhas has been reported. And by this we know that the rule mentioned by these scholars (may Allah have mercy on them) regarding broken plurals is consistent or not consistent?
The student: Not consistent.
The Shaykh : Not consistent, so hearing (what is reported) is what governs.
Good. "A noun": To guard against the case where it is an adjective, like: fakhim (magnificent), dakhim (thick). The word dakhim is on the pattern Fa'l, but it is not a noun, rather it is an adjective. Do we say in it: Adukhum?!
The student: No.
The Shaykh : We do not say it, because it is an adjective and not a noun, and Ibn Malik says: "For a verb, a noun".
Good. "Sound 'ayn": If its 'ayn is weak!! Here?! If its 'ayn is weak, we look for a treatment in the Alfiah, so Zayd, Zayd here?
The student: Azayd!?
The Shaykh : Is it pluralized on the pattern Azayd?
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : No, why?
The student: Its 'ayn is weak.
The Shaykh : Because its 'ayn is weak. Good, if I said: Rawd, here?
The student: It is not pluralized.
The Shaykh : It is not pluralized on the pattern Arud, because the author says: "Sound 'ayn".