Explanation of the words of Ibn Malik (may Allah have mercy on him): "And the ḥāl may be omitted, that in which there is an effect *** And some of what is omitted, we dislike its share."
Machine translationRead the Arabic original
The Shaykh :"The ḥāl may be omitted"
Here, qad is for diminution.
The student: For realization.
The Shaykh : Yes?
The student: For realization.
The Shaykh : Or for realization. It is for realization only when it enters a past tense verb, and for diminution when it enters a present tense verb, though it can also be for realization. Is the ḥāl in the genitive case? No, let us parse the verse. The ḥāl?
The student: The ḥāl is a subject raised by the dammah.
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: Qad is a particle of diminution.
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: Qad can come for realization, such as His saying, the Exalted:[Al-Ahzab 33:18].
The Shaykh :.
The student: "May be omitted" is a present tense verb, passive, raised by the visible dammah, and the doer is a hidden pronoun, estimated to be "he," referring back to the ḥāl.
The Shaykh : Do you agree with this? Huh?
The student: We parse... it refers back to "ma."
The Shaykh : Refers back to "ma"? Hidden, refers back to "ma"?
The student: "And the ḥāl may be omitted, that in which."
The Shaykh : Do not look at the parsing. The parsing is in your memory, O Madyan. I say: Do not look at the parsing.
The student: "May be omitted" is a present tense verb, a verb built for the passive.
The Shaykh : Yes, good, huh?
The student: And the substitute for the doer is a hidden pronoun, estimated to be "he."
The Shaykh : Refers back?
The student: Refers back, refers back to the ḥāl.
The Shaykh : To the ḥāl? Do you agree with this?
The student: No.
The Shaykh : Very well.
The student: "May be omitted" is a present tense verb built for the passive, and the substitute for the doer is "ma."
The Shaykh : Very well.
The student: And the substitute for the doer is "ma."
The Shaykh : "Ma"?
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : What is "ma"?
The student: A relative noun.
The Shaykh : What is "ma," what "ma"?
The student: "May be omitted, that in which there is an effect."
The Shaykh : Fine, did you understand, O Madyan? The substitute for the doer is "ma," meaning: "that which." Good, complete the parsing, O Abd al-Rahman?
The student: "In it" is a preposition and a noun in the genitive case, attached to "may be omitted."
The Shaykh : No.
The student: A preposition and a noun in the genitive case, attached to "ma."
The Shaykh : To "ma"... something is attached.
The student: Attached to the ḥāl, it is the ḥāl, the relative clause of the relative noun.
The Shaykh : It is not attached to what? "In it" is not... "In it" is a preposition and a noun in the genitive case, attached to what? Attached to what? What does "ma" mean? Huh?
The student: Like what Muhammad said.
The Shaykh : What did Muhammad say?
The student: Attached to the relative clause of the relative noun.
The Shaykh : No, that is wrong.
The student: To the whole sentence.
Another student: To "effect."
The Shaykh : To "effect," correct. Attached to "effect," meaning: "that which had an effect in it," huh?
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : Good, complete "effect"?
The student: "Effect" is a past tense verb, built with the fathah, but it was made silent for the sake of the rhyme.
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: "And some."
The Shaykh : No, leave it.
The student: And the doer is a hidden pronoun, permissible, estimated to be "he."
The Shaykh : Refers back?
The student: Refers back, refers back to "ma."
The Shaykh : Refers back to "ma"? Do you agree with this?
The student: No.
The Shaykh : Huh, and what does it refer back to?
The student: To the ḥāl.
The Shaykh : To the ḥāl.
The student: Yes, to.
The Shaykh : We now have two opinions: one is that it refers back to "ma" as the doer, and the second is that it refers back to the ḥāl. Which is more correct? Who will correct us?
The student: It refers back to the ḥāl.
Another student: Both.
The Shaykh : Both?
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : That is a contradiction. It is not possible for two contradictory things to have the same meaning. No, it does not refer back to "ma." As Abd al-Rahman said, Abd al-Rahman, who is parsing now, is correct. Meaning: "May be omitted, that which had an effect," i.e., "he" is on "ma." Yes, good, come in, O Abdullah, the one entering? "And some of what is omitted, its mention is omitted".
The student: The waw is a conjunction attached to what precedes it, and "some" is a subject raised, and its sign of raising is the dammah, and "ma" is a relative noun meaning: "that which," and "is omitted" is a present tense verb.
The Shaykh : Yes, and what is its grammatical position?
Here, qad is for diminution.
The student: For realization.
The Shaykh : Yes?
The student: For realization.
The Shaykh : Or for realization. It is for realization only when it enters a past tense verb, and for diminution when it enters a present tense verb, though it can also be for realization. Is the ḥāl in the genitive case? No, let us parse the verse. The ḥāl?
The student: The ḥāl is a subject raised by the dammah.
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: Qad is a particle of diminution.
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: Qad can come for realization, such as His saying, the Exalted:
Already Allah knows the hinderers among you
قد يعلم الله المعوقين منكمThe Shaykh :
those who hinder from among you
المعوقين منكمThe student: "May be omitted" is a present tense verb, passive, raised by the visible dammah, and the doer is a hidden pronoun, estimated to be "he," referring back to the ḥāl.
The Shaykh : Do you agree with this? Huh?
The student: We parse... it refers back to "ma."
The Shaykh : Refers back to "ma"? Hidden, refers back to "ma"?
The student: "And the ḥāl may be omitted, that in which."
The Shaykh : Do not look at the parsing. The parsing is in your memory, O Madyan. I say: Do not look at the parsing.
The student: "May be omitted" is a present tense verb, a verb built for the passive.
The Shaykh : Yes, good, huh?
The student: And the substitute for the doer is a hidden pronoun, estimated to be "he."
The Shaykh : Refers back?
The student: Refers back, refers back to the ḥāl.
The Shaykh : To the ḥāl? Do you agree with this?
The student: No.
The Shaykh : Very well.
The student: "May be omitted" is a present tense verb built for the passive, and the substitute for the doer is "ma."
The Shaykh : Very well.
The student: And the substitute for the doer is "ma."
The Shaykh : "Ma"?
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : What is "ma"?
The student: A relative noun.
The Shaykh : What is "ma," what "ma"?
The student: "May be omitted, that in which there is an effect."
The Shaykh : Fine, did you understand, O Madyan? The substitute for the doer is "ma," meaning: "that which." Good, complete the parsing, O Abd al-Rahman?
The student: "In it" is a preposition and a noun in the genitive case, attached to "may be omitted."
The Shaykh : No.
The student: A preposition and a noun in the genitive case, attached to "ma."
The Shaykh : To "ma"... something is attached.
The student: Attached to the ḥāl, it is the ḥāl, the relative clause of the relative noun.
The Shaykh : It is not attached to what? "In it" is not... "In it" is a preposition and a noun in the genitive case, attached to what? Attached to what? What does "ma" mean? Huh?
The student: Like what Muhammad said.
The Shaykh : What did Muhammad say?
The student: Attached to the relative clause of the relative noun.
The Shaykh : No, that is wrong.
The student: To the whole sentence.
Another student: To "effect."
The Shaykh : To "effect," correct. Attached to "effect," meaning: "that which had an effect in it," huh?
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : Good, complete "effect"?
The student: "Effect" is a past tense verb, built with the fathah, but it was made silent for the sake of the rhyme.
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: "And some."
The Shaykh : No, leave it.
The student: And the doer is a hidden pronoun, permissible, estimated to be "he."
The Shaykh : Refers back?
The student: Refers back, refers back to "ma."
The Shaykh : Refers back to "ma"? Do you agree with this?
The student: No.
The Shaykh : Huh, and what does it refer back to?
The student: To the ḥāl.
The Shaykh : To the ḥāl.
The student: Yes, to.
The Shaykh : We now have two opinions: one is that it refers back to "ma" as the doer, and the second is that it refers back to the ḥāl. Which is more correct? Who will correct us?
The student: It refers back to the ḥāl.
Another student: Both.
The Shaykh : Both?
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : That is a contradiction. It is not possible for two contradictory things to have the same meaning. No, it does not refer back to "ma." As Abd al-Rahman said, Abd al-Rahman, who is parsing now, is correct. Meaning: "May be omitted, that which had an effect," i.e., "he" is on "ma." Yes, good, come in, O Abdullah, the one entering? "And some of what is omitted, its mention is omitted".
The student: The waw is a conjunction attached to what precedes it, and "some" is a subject raised, and its sign of raising is the dammah, and "ma" is a relative noun meaning: "that which," and "is omitted" is a present tense verb.
The Shaykh : Yes, and what is its grammatical position?