Explanation of the words of Ibn Malik (may Allah have mercy on him): "And the deletion of the *al* of *dhi* if you call out or attach it *** is obligatory, and in other cases it may be deleted."
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The Shaykh :"And the deletion of the *al* of *dhi* if you call out or attach it *** is obligatory, and in other cases it may be deleted":
Well, he says: "And the deletion of the *al* of *dhi*": *Dhi*: the one referred to is the nearest mentioned, and what is the nearest mentioned among the categories of *al*?
The student: The one with *al* attached.
The Shaykh : No, my brothers, it is the one added for the original meaning, as it says in my explanation: "And the deletion of *al*, and it may be deleted in other cases as an anomaly, heard from their speech: 'This is *'ayq* rising, and the original is *'ayq*'".
The student: Is this in the explanation?
The Shaykh : Yes, well, do you have it in the explanation?
The student: Yes, we have it.
The Shaykh : What does it say?
The student: He says: In my marginal note: *Dhi*: a demonstrative noun describing *al*.
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: Yes, exactly.
The Shaykh : But?
The student: He means to say: "Deletion: an object placed before the verb *awjaba* (obligated) that follows, and *deletion*: a noun with a possessive, and *al*: intended for its word: a genitive noun in the genitive case with a hidden kasrah, prevented from appearing by the sukun of the original ba, *dhi*: a demonstrative noun built on sukun in the position of genitive describing *al*, *in*: a conditional particle causing jussive, *tunadi*: a present tense verb in the jussive case due to *in* because it is the verb of the condition, and the sign of its jussive is the deletion of the letter of ease, and the subject: you, *awjaba*: an imperative verb built on sukun, and the subject is a hidden pronoun obligatory to be estimated as you, and the sentence is introductory with no grammatical position, and the answer to the condition *in*: is deleted, indicated by *awjaba*".
The Shaykh : No, this is grammatical analysis, the explanation!!
The student: Here, Shaykh, he says:
The Shaykh : What does it say?
The student: "And the ruling of this *alif* and *lam* is that it is not deleted except in calling out or attachment, such as *ya Sa'q* in *Sa'q*, and this is the city of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)".
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: "And it may be deleted in other cases as an anomaly, heard from their speech: 'This is *'ayq* rising, and the original is *'ayq*, and it is the name of a star'".
Another student: Shaykh, it is here, Shaykh!
The Shaykh : It appears that his saying: "And the deletion of the *al* of *dhi*": if we say: it refers to the nearest mentioned, then the nearest mentioned for us is: *Al-Uqab*, which becomes a proper name by common usage.
"And the deletion of the *al* of *dhi* if you call out or attach it *** is obligatory": meaning that if you attach the word with *al*, you must delete the *al*, so you say: *Uqab* of mine, and it is not permissible to say: *Al-Uqab* of mine, likewise if you call out, you must delete it, an example of that is: the saying of the explainer that the brothers mentioned: "Sa'q": a name for a man, if you call out to him you must say: *Ya Sa'q*, and that is because the co-occurrence of *al* with the particle of calling out, and with attachment, is impossible except with known conditions.
"And in other cases it may be deleted": meaning in other than calling out and attachment, it may be deleted, so you say: *Uqab*, and you say: *Sa'q*, and the like, and what do you have, Abd al-Rahman?
The student: His saying: "And the deletion of the *al* of *dhi* if you call out or attach it"!
The Shaykh : Yes, because the reference goes back to the nearest mentioned, and with this the discussion on singulars has ended, the discussion on singulars has ended, and from the beginning of the next part we will start with compounds.
The benefit of knowing singulars: knowing what is inflected, what is built, and what is related to that, not knowing that this is nominative or accusative -except in what has passed us in- but as will come, if Allah wills, in the grammatical analysis of the verb and the like, the important thing is that Ibn Malik now has not mentioned in what preceded except the discussion on what?
The student: Singulars.
The Shaykh : Singulars, well, so we start now with compounds, are you still there?
The student: Five.
The Shaykh : Five left?! Yes, so we will leave the subject for tomorrow -if Allah wills-.
Well, he says: "And the deletion of the *al* of *dhi*": *Dhi*: the one referred to is the nearest mentioned, and what is the nearest mentioned among the categories of *al*?
The student: The one with *al* attached.
The Shaykh : No, my brothers, it is the one added for the original meaning, as it says in my explanation: "And the deletion of *al*, and it may be deleted in other cases as an anomaly, heard from their speech: 'This is *'ayq* rising, and the original is *'ayq*'".
The student: Is this in the explanation?
The Shaykh : Yes, well, do you have it in the explanation?
The student: Yes, we have it.
The Shaykh : What does it say?
The student: He says: In my marginal note: *Dhi*: a demonstrative noun describing *al*.
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: Yes, exactly.
The Shaykh : But?
The student: He means to say: "Deletion: an object placed before the verb *awjaba* (obligated) that follows, and *deletion*: a noun with a possessive, and *al*: intended for its word: a genitive noun in the genitive case with a hidden kasrah, prevented from appearing by the sukun of the original ba, *dhi*: a demonstrative noun built on sukun in the position of genitive describing *al*, *in*: a conditional particle causing jussive, *tunadi*: a present tense verb in the jussive case due to *in* because it is the verb of the condition, and the sign of its jussive is the deletion of the letter of ease, and the subject: you, *awjaba*: an imperative verb built on sukun, and the subject is a hidden pronoun obligatory to be estimated as you, and the sentence is introductory with no grammatical position, and the answer to the condition *in*: is deleted, indicated by *awjaba*".
The Shaykh : No, this is grammatical analysis, the explanation!!
The student: Here, Shaykh, he says:
The Shaykh : What does it say?
The student: "And the ruling of this *alif* and *lam* is that it is not deleted except in calling out or attachment, such as *ya Sa'q* in *Sa'q*, and this is the city of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)".
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: "And it may be deleted in other cases as an anomaly, heard from their speech: 'This is *'ayq* rising, and the original is *'ayq*, and it is the name of a star'".
Another student: Shaykh, it is here, Shaykh!
The Shaykh : It appears that his saying: "And the deletion of the *al* of *dhi*": if we say: it refers to the nearest mentioned, then the nearest mentioned for us is: *Al-Uqab*, which becomes a proper name by common usage.
"And the deletion of the *al* of *dhi* if you call out or attach it *** is obligatory": meaning that if you attach the word with *al*, you must delete the *al*, so you say: *Uqab* of mine, and it is not permissible to say: *Al-Uqab* of mine, likewise if you call out, you must delete it, an example of that is: the saying of the explainer that the brothers mentioned: "Sa'q": a name for a man, if you call out to him you must say: *Ya Sa'q*, and that is because the co-occurrence of *al* with the particle of calling out, and with attachment, is impossible except with known conditions.
"And in other cases it may be deleted": meaning in other than calling out and attachment, it may be deleted, so you say: *Uqab*, and you say: *Sa'q*, and the like, and what do you have, Abd al-Rahman?
The student: His saying: "And the deletion of the *al* of *dhi* if you call out or attach it"!
The Shaykh : Yes, because the reference goes back to the nearest mentioned, and with this the discussion on singulars has ended, the discussion on singulars has ended, and from the beginning of the next part we will start with compounds.
The benefit of knowing singulars: knowing what is inflected, what is built, and what is related to that, not knowing that this is nominative or accusative -except in what has passed us in- but as will come, if Allah wills, in the grammatical analysis of the verb and the like, the important thing is that Ibn Malik now has not mentioned in what preceded except the discussion on what?
The student: Singulars.
The Shaykh : Singulars, well, so we start now with compounds, are you still there?
The student: Five.
The Shaykh : Five left?! Yes, so we will leave the subject for tomorrow -if Allah wills-.