Explanation of the words of Ibn Malik (may Allah have mercy on him): "And the accusative after what is made dependent is obligatory *** if it is like the fullness of the earth in gold."
Machine translationRead the Arabic original
The Shaykh : He said:
"And the accusative after what is made dependent is obligatory"
It is now clear that the accusative is fixed; the accusative of the qualifier is obligatory when the qualified noun is made dependent. The reason is that making it dependent becomes impossible in that case. The accusative after what is made dependent is obligatory, yes? Why is the genitive not permissible? Because if it is made dependent, making it dependent becomes impossible. Do you say: "I bought a mithqal of a dirham of honey," is it permissible for me to say: "I bought a mithqal of a dirham of honey" (in the genitive)?
The student: No, it is not correct.
The Shaykh : Why?
The student: Because it is made dependent.
The Shaykh : Because making it dependent is impossible now, and its genitive is only permissible if the measure, the weight, or the quantity is made dependent on the qualifier. So if the measure, the weight, or the quantity is made dependent on something else, then its dependence on the qualifier is impossible, and in that case the accusative is fixed. Its example is also from the Qur'an:
"if it is like the fullness of the earth in gold"
And "like the fullness of the earth in gold"?[Ali 'Imran 3:91] The fullness of the earth in gold. What is "fullness" from what was mentioned before? What is the closest thing to it?
The student: The measure.
The Shaykh : The measure; the closest thing to it is the measure. And on this basis we say: "like the fullness of the earth in gold" the accusative is fixed because making it dependent is impossible. The author (may Allah have mercy on him) informed us that what occurred as a qualifier for what? We have forgotten the rules, my brothers!
The student: The established rule.
The Shaykh : The third one, or the first one? What occurred as a qualifier for the measure, the weight, or the quantity, two forms are permissible in it: making it dependent, and it becomes genitive, and the first one?
The student: The accusative case.
The Shaykh : No, it does not become genitive. Is the first noun with tanween or without tanween?
The student: Without tanween.
The Shaykh : Without tanween. Second: the accusative as a qualifier, and the first noun becomes with tanween. The example: "a span of land," a second example: "a span of land" (with tanween), "a qafiz of wheat," the second form: "a qafiz of wheat" (with tanween), "a man of honey," and the second form: "a man of honey" (with tanween), or not?
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : Okay, in this rule, the two forms are permissible, and the accusative is fixed when the qualified noun is made dependent. The accusative is fixed for what?
The student: The qualifier.
The Shaykh : What is the accusative?
The student: The qualifier.
The Shaykh : The accusative of the qualifier is fixed when the qualified noun is made dependent. Its example is: His saying, the Exalted?
The student:[Ali 'Imran 3:91].
The Shaykh :[Ali 'Imran 3:91] Okay.
"And the accusative after what is made dependent is obligatory"
It is now clear that the accusative is fixed; the accusative of the qualifier is obligatory when the qualified noun is made dependent. The reason is that making it dependent becomes impossible in that case. The accusative after what is made dependent is obligatory, yes? Why is the genitive not permissible? Because if it is made dependent, making it dependent becomes impossible. Do you say: "I bought a mithqal of a dirham of honey," is it permissible for me to say: "I bought a mithqal of a dirham of honey" (in the genitive)?
The student: No, it is not correct.
The Shaykh : Why?
The student: Because it is made dependent.
The Shaykh : Because making it dependent is impossible now, and its genitive is only permissible if the measure, the weight, or the quantity is made dependent on the qualifier. So if the measure, the weight, or the quantity is made dependent on something else, then its dependence on the qualifier is impossible, and in that case the accusative is fixed. Its example is also from the Qur'an:
"if it is like the fullness of the earth in gold"
And "like the fullness of the earth in gold"?
Indeed, those who disbelieve and die while they are disbelievers - never would the [whole] capacity of the earth in gold be accepted from one of them if he would [seek to] ransom himself with it
إِنَّ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا وَمَاتُوا وَهُمْ كُفَّارٌ فَلَنْ يُقْبَلَ مِنْ أَحَدِهِمْ مِلْءُ الْأَرْضِ ذَهَبًا وَلَوِ افْتَدَى بِهِThe student: The measure.
The Shaykh : The measure; the closest thing to it is the measure. And on this basis we say: "like the fullness of the earth in gold" the accusative is fixed because making it dependent is impossible. The author (may Allah have mercy on him) informed us that what occurred as a qualifier for what? We have forgotten the rules, my brothers!
The student: The established rule.
The Shaykh : The third one, or the first one? What occurred as a qualifier for the measure, the weight, or the quantity, two forms are permissible in it: making it dependent, and it becomes genitive, and the first one?
The student: The accusative case.
The Shaykh : No, it does not become genitive. Is the first noun with tanween or without tanween?
The student: Without tanween.
The Shaykh : Without tanween. Second: the accusative as a qualifier, and the first noun becomes with tanween. The example: "a span of land," a second example: "a span of land" (with tanween), "a qafiz of wheat," the second form: "a qafiz of wheat" (with tanween), "a man of honey," and the second form: "a man of honey" (with tanween), or not?
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : Okay, in this rule, the two forms are permissible, and the accusative is fixed when the qualified noun is made dependent. The accusative is fixed for what?
The student: The qualifier.
The Shaykh : What is the accusative?
The student: The qualifier.
The Shaykh : The accusative of the qualifier is fixed when the qualified noun is made dependent. Its example is: His saying, the Exalted?
The student:
the [whole] capacity of the earth in gold
ملء الأرض ذهبًاThe Shaykh :