How is the form "af'ala bihi" parsed?
Machine translationRead the Arabic original
The student: The form is "af'ala bihi," "af'ila bihi."
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: What is the grammatical position of the word it is attached to?
The Shaykh : What?
The student: When we say: "Akram bi-Ali," is that correct?
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: What is the grammatical position of "bi-Ali"?
The Shaykh : It has the parsing mentioned by the brothers: the subject is hidden and obligatory, estimated to be "you." There is another opinion that says: "Af'ala," although it is in the imperative form, has the meaning of a statement. Accordingly, "bihi" is the subject, "bihi," and they say that the preposition "ba" is superfluous, just as it is superfluous in the saying of Allah the Exalted: They make this the subject, and they say that the sentence here is not a request, but a statement, and that "akrim bihi" means: "How honorable he is." Then he said:
"And decline with 'min' if you wish, other than that which has a number"
"And decline with 'min' if you wish, other than that which has a number": "And decline" is an imperative verb. We have forgotten the text; they reminded us. When it comes to parsing, we sometimes forget it, so do not remind us. And we forget the rules, so do not remind us. Yes, it is better that you remind us of things like "dhi." So, the rule is: after every word that requires expressing wonder, meaning whenever a noun in the accusative case comes after what requires expressing wonder, it becomes a specification.
The student: This rule?
The Shaykh : This rule.
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: What is the grammatical position of the word it is attached to?
The Shaykh : What?
The student: When we say: "Akram bi-Ali," is that correct?
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: What is the grammatical position of "bi-Ali"?
The Shaykh : It has the parsing mentioned by the brothers: the subject is hidden and obligatory, estimated to be "you." There is another opinion that says: "Af'ala," although it is in the imperative form, has the meaning of a statement. Accordingly, "bihi" is the subject, "bihi," and they say that the preposition "ba" is superfluous, just as it is superfluous in the saying of Allah the Exalted:
And Allah is sufficient as a witness
وكفى بالله شهيدًا"And decline with 'min' if you wish, other than that which has a number"
"And decline with 'min' if you wish, other than that which has a number": "And decline" is an imperative verb. We have forgotten the text; they reminded us. When it comes to parsing, we sometimes forget it, so do not remind us. And we forget the rules, so do not remind us. Yes, it is better that you remind us of things like "dhi." So, the rule is: after every word that requires expressing wonder, meaning whenever a noun in the accusative case comes after what requires expressing wonder, it becomes a specification.
The student: This rule?
The Shaykh : This rule.