The Formulas of Sending Blessings upon the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him)

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Question:
This questioner, Abu Abdullah from Riyadh, says: I hope you will direct this question to His Eminence the Shaykh. It is—His Eminence the Shaykh—how is the sending of blessings upon the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) when he is mentioned? And also, at the end of our lectures or speeches, do we say: "And may Allah send blessings and peace upon him, his family, and all his companions"? Or do we say: (peace and blessings be upon him)? And is it necessary to mention the companions and the family? Please explain this to us, may Allah reward you.

Answer:
In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
Praise be to Allah, Lord of the worlds, and may Allah send blessings and peace upon His servant and messenger, our Prophet Muhammad, and upon his family and all his companions. As for what follows:
Allah (Exalted and Majestic is He) has prescribed for His servants the sending of blessings and peace upon His Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) by the explicit text of the Noble Qur'an. Allah (Exalted and Majestic is He) said:

Indeed, Allah confers blessing upon the Prophet, and His angels [ask Him to do so]. O you who have believed, ask [Allah to confer] blessing upon him and ask [Allah to grant him] peace.

إِنَّ اللَّهَ وَمَلائِكَتَهُ يُصَلُّونَ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا صَلُّوا عَلَيْهِ وَسَلِّمُوا تَسْلِيمًا

[Al-Ahzab: 56]. "O Allah, send blessings upon him and peace." The meaning of sending blessings and peace upon him is: supplicating for him with blessings and peace. So if you say: "O Allah, send blessings upon the Messenger of Allah," this is a supplication for him with blessings. And if you say: "O Allah, send peace upon the Messenger of Allah," this is a supplication for him with safety.
The best of what has been reported in this regard is what the two Shaykhs, al-Bukhari and Muslim, narrated in the two Sahihs, from the hadith of Ka'b ibn Ujrah (may Allah be pleased with him) . He said to the Companions: "Shall I give you a gift?" They said: "Yes." He said: "The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) came out to them and said:

He told us to say, “O God, bless Muhammad and Muhammad’s family as Thou didst bless Abraham and Abraham’s family. Thou art indeed praiseworthy and glorious. O God, grant favours to Muhammad and Muhammad’s family as Thou didst grant favours to Abraham and Abraham’s family. Thou art indeed praiseworthy and glorious.”

قولوا: اللهم صل على محمد وعلى آل محمد، كما صليت على إبراهيم، وعلى آل إبراهيم، إنك حميد مجيد، اللهم بارك على محمد، وعلى آل محمد كما باركت على إبراهيم، وعلى آل إبراهيم إنك حميد مجيد

Mishkat al-Masabih 919

This is the best and most complete of what has been reported in this matter.

Say: O Allah! Send Your Mercy on Muhammad and on the family of Muhammad, as You sent Your Mercy on Abraham and on the family of Abraham, for You are the Most Praise-worthy, the Most Glorious. O Allah! Send Your Blessings on Muhammad and the family of Muhammad, as You sent your Blessings on Abraham and on the family of Abraham, for You are the Most Praise-worthy, the Most Glorious.

اللهم صل على محمد وعلى آل محمد، كما صليت على إبراهيم وعلى آل إبراهيم إنك حميد مجيد، اللهم بارك على محمد وعلى آل محمد كما باركت على إبراهيم وعلى آل إبراهيم إنك حميد مجيد

Sahih al-Bukhari 3370

He says this at the end of the prayer, before the taslim and before the supplication, then he supplicates.
It is prescribed to say this also in the first tashahhud; due to the generality of the hadiths. Some of the scholars say: It is said in the last tashahhud only. But the apparent meaning of the hadiths is generality, that one sends blessings upon the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) also in the first tashahhud, then he stands up for the third rak'ah. But in the last tashahhud, after the prayer, he supplicates and says:

O Allah! I seek refuge with Thee from the torment of the Hell, from the torment of the grave, from the trial of life and death and from the evil of the trial of Masih al-Dajjal

اللهم إني أعوذ بك من عذاب جهنم، ومن عذاب القبر، ومن فتنة المحيا والممات، ومن فتنة المسيح الدجال

Sahih Muslim 588a

Then he supplicates with whatever supplication is made easy for him, such as:

O Allah, help me in remembering You, in giving You thanks, and worshipping You well.

اللهم أعني على ذكرك وشكرك وحسن عبادتك

Sunan Abi Dawud 1522Sahih (Al-Albani)

Allahumma inni zalamtu nafsi zulman kathiran wala yaghfirudhdhunuba illa anta, Faghfirli maghfiratan min indika war-hamni, innaka antalGhafur-Rahim.

اللهم إني ظلمت نفسي ظلمًا كثيرًا، ولا يغفر الذنوب إلا أنت، فاغفر لي مغفرة من عندك، وارحمني إنك أنت الغفور الرحيم

Sahih al-Bukhari 6326

Allahumma inni a'udhu bika minal-bukhli, wa a'udhu bika minal-jubni, wa a'udhu bika an uradda ila ardhalil-'umuri, wa a'udhu bika min fitnatid-dunya, wa a'udhu bika min 'adhabil-qabr (O Allah, I seek refuge in You from miserliness, and I seek refuge in You from cowardice, and I seek refuge in You from reaching the age of senility, and I seek refuge in You from the trials of this world, and I seek refuge in You from the torment of the grave)

اللهم إني أعوذ بك من البخل، وأعوذ بك من الجبن، وأعوذ بك أن أرد إلى أرذل العمر، وأعوذ بك من فتنة الدنيا، وأعوذ بك من عذاب القبر

Sunan an-Nasa'i 5445Sahih (Darussalam)

"O Allah, forgive me my former and latter sins, what I have kept secret and what I have done openly, and what I have done extravagance; and what You know better than I do. You are the Advancer, the Delayer, there is no god but You."

اللهم اغفر لي ما قدمت، وما أخرت، وما أسررت، وما أعلنت وما أسرفت، وما أنت أعلم به مني أنت المقدم، وأنت المؤخر، لا إله إلا أنت

Sunan Abi Dawud 1509Sahih (Al-Albani)

.
All of this has been reported from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him); he used to say it at the end of the prayer, before the taslim, after sending blessings upon the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) in the tashahhud.
And if he wants to supplicate outside of the prayer, it is also prescribed for him to send blessings upon the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) before that, based on what is established from the hadith of Fadalah ibn Ubayd (may Allah be pleased with him) . The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) heard a man supplicating, and he had not praised Allah, nor sent blessings upon the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), so he said:

You are in a hurry.

عجل هذا

Then he said:

When any of you prays, he should begin with the glorification of his Rabb (Lord) and praise Him; he should then invoke blessings on the Prophet (ﷺ); thereafter he should supplicate Allah for anything he wishes.

إذا دعا أحدكم فليبدأ بتحميد ربه، والثناء عليه، ثم يصلي على النبي ﷺ، ثم يدعو بما شاء

Bulugh al-Maram 2:207

This is the best: to begin the supplication with praise and eulogy, then with sending blessings upon the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), then to supplicate.
So in sermons and lectures, one sends blessings upon the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) at the beginning of the sermon, when he has praised Allah and testified to his oneness, he sends blessings upon the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) with any of the types of sending blessings that have been reported. And likewise, if he concludes it with sending blessings upon the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), all of that is good. In lectures, and in lessons in the mosques and in the schools, all of that is good. So increasing the sending of blessings and peace upon him is a required matter, and beginning with sending blessings upon him after praising Allah, and eulogizing Him in the sermon, the Friday sermon, and in the sermons and lectures, all of this is prescribed, and it is among the causes of the acceptance of supplication.
And types have come from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him); types of sending blessings have come from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), among them is what we mentioned previously, the hadith of Ka'b ibn Ujrah:

اللهم صل على محمد وعلى آل محمد كما صليت على إبراهيم وعلى آل إبراهيم، إنك حميد مجيد، اللهم بارك على محمد وعلى آل محمد كما باركت على إبراهيم وعلى آل إبراهيم، إنك حميد مجيد

Sahih al-Bukhari 3370

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And among them is another type, which came from the hadith of Abu Humayd al-Sa'idi, and he said (peace and blessings be upon him):

Say:" O Allah! bless Muhammad, his wives and his offspring as Thou didst bless Ibrahim, and grant favours to Muhammad, and his wives and his offspring as Thou didst grant favours to the family of Ibrahim; Thou art Praiseworthy and Glorious."

قولوا: اللهم صل على محمد وعلى أزواجه وذريته كما صليت على آل إبراهيم، وبارك على محمد وعلى أزواجه وذريته كما باركت على آل إبراهيم، إنك حميد مجيد

Sahih Muslim 407

Al-Bukhari narrated it in the Sahih.
And a third type also came in the Sahih that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said:

Say: “Allahumma salli ‘ala Muhammadin ‘abdika wa Rasulika kama salayta ‘ala Ibrahima, wa barik ‘ala Muhammad (wa ‘ala ali Muhammadin) kama barakta ‘ala Ibrahima

قولوا: اللهم صل على محمد عبدك ورسولك كما صليت على إبراهيم ، وبارك على محمد وعلى آل محمد كما باركت على إبراهيم وعلى آل إبراهيم

Sunan Ibn Majah 903

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And a fourth type also came in the Sahih, Sahih Muslim, from the hadith of Abu Mas'ud al-Badri that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said:

Say: 'Alahumma salli 'ala Muhammad wa 'ala ali Muhammad, kama sallaita 'ala Ibrahima wa barik 'ala Muhammad kama barakta 'ala ali Ibrahim fil-'alamin, innaka hamidun majid (O Allah, send salah upon Muhammad and upon the family of Muhammad, as You sent salah upon the family of Ibrahim, and send blessings upon Muhammad and upon the family of Muhammad as You sent blessings upon the family of Ibrahim among the nations. You are indeed Worthy of praise, Full of glory.)" And the salam is as you know.

قولوا: اللهم صل على محمد وعلى آل محمد كما صليت على آل إبراهيم ، وبارك على محمد وعلى آل محمد كما باركت على آل إبراهيم في العالمين، إنك حميد مجيد، قال: والسلام كما علمتم

Sunan an-Nasa'i 1285Sahih (Darussalam)

And it is the saying:

as-salamu 'alaika ayyuhan-Nabiyyu wa rahmatAllahi wa baraktuhu

السلام عليك أيها النبي ورحمة الله وبركاته

Sunan an-Nasa'i 1171Sahih (Darussalam)

All of this is prescribed, but just as it is prescribed in the prayer in the last tashahhud, and in the first tashahhud, it is prescribed, on the most correct view, also in the sermons and lectures and lessons, and before the supplication, before he supplicates. Yes.

The presenter: May Allah bless you, His Eminence the Shaykh. What if one says: "And may Allah send blessings upon our Prophet Muhammad, and upon his family and all his companions"?

The Shaykh: This is concise, there is nothing wrong with it, it is concise. But if he brings the reports that have been transmitted, it will be more complete. And if he is concise and says: "O Allah, send blessings upon Muhammad and upon his family and his companions," there is nothing wrong with the conciseness. And "al" (family) includes the people of the house, and it includes the followers, as He said, Exalted is He:

Make the people of Pharaoh enter the severest punishment."

أَدْخِلُوا آلَ فِرْعَوْنَ أَشَدَّ الْعَذَابِ

[Ghafir: 46], meaning: the followers of Pharaoh. So if he says: "O Allah, send blessings upon Muhammad and upon his family," it means: his followers in his religion, from the people of the house and others. It encompasses the Companions, and it encompasses the believers from the people of the house, and it encompasses those after them from the believers. So all of it falls under "his family." "Al" includes: the people of the house from Banu Hashim, and those who believed in him and followed him, like Ali, al-Hasan, al-Husayn, al-Abbas, Ibn Abbas, and others from the people of the house. And it includes his followers in his religion from all the groups, from the Companions and those after them. All of them are included in "al." And if he combines them and says: "Upon Muhammad and his family and his companions," then "al" is the people of the house, and "companions" is the generality of the Companions, and the followers are also included in "al," his followers in his religion absolutely. Yes.

The presenter: O Allah, send blessings and peace, and increase and bless upon our Prophet and our beloved Muhammad.

The Shaykh: O Allah, send blessings upon him and peace.

Source binbaz.org.sa

The Arabic text is copied verbatim from the original source, without any edits.

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