Explanation of the words of Ibn Malik (may Allah have mercy on him): "Here are the prepositions, and they are from, to *** until, except, save, but, in, from, on."
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The Shaykh : He said:
"Here are the prepositions"
"Here" is a verbal noun meaning "take." Is the verbal noun "ha" with the kaf being a letter of address, or is it the whole word?
The student: All of them.
The Shaykh : Yes, there is disagreement on this, but the issue is simple. Yes.
"Here are the prepositions"
"Prepositions" is the object of "here," because "here" is a verbal noun. Does it accept an object or not? If Ibn Malik says to you, "Here are the prepositions," do you accept it or not?
The student: I accept it.
The Shaykh : Accepting it is good.
"Here are the prepositions"
That is to say: the letters that govern the genitive, and we benefit from his saying, "letters", that they are not nouns or verbs, but some of them may be nouns and some may be verbs, and in this case they fall outside the category of prepositions. For example, 'ala is used as a noun, and kaf is used as a noun, and mizh and minz are used as nouns, and khala, hasa, and 'ada are used as verbs. It is only in their departure from that status that they are not considered prepositions. Now, his saying, "and they are from min to ila"
How is "from, to"? It is "from and to," but he dropped the conjunction here? For necessity and brevity, for the necessity of the meter, and for brevity. "From, to" means "from and to." "Until" means "and until." And "khalaa," "haasha," "adaa," "fi" (in), "an" (from), and "ala" (on). How many letters are in one verse? From, to, until, except, save, but, in, from, on.
The student: Nine.
The Shaykh : Nine letters, although we learned from the beginning what these tools are, that they are letters, and we learned their function, that they cause genitive case. And he gave them to us in his saying: "Here" So in the verse there is a gift and a ruling, yes, and tools. Nine tools. And this indicates to you that this Alfiyyah is comprehensive in reality, and it is one of the most comprehensive books of grammar.
"Here are the prepositions"
"Here" is a verbal noun meaning "take." Is the verbal noun "ha" with the kaf being a letter of address, or is it the whole word?
The student: All of them.
The Shaykh : Yes, there is disagreement on this, but the issue is simple. Yes.
"Here are the prepositions"
"Prepositions" is the object of "here," because "here" is a verbal noun. Does it accept an object or not? If Ibn Malik says to you, "Here are the prepositions," do you accept it or not?
The student: I accept it.
The Shaykh : Accepting it is good.
"Here are the prepositions"
That is to say: the letters that govern the genitive, and we benefit from his saying, "letters", that they are not nouns or verbs, but some of them may be nouns and some may be verbs, and in this case they fall outside the category of prepositions. For example, 'ala is used as a noun, and kaf is used as a noun, and mizh and minz are used as nouns, and khala, hasa, and 'ada are used as verbs. It is only in their departure from that status that they are not considered prepositions. Now, his saying, "and they are from min to ila"
How is "from, to"? It is "from and to," but he dropped the conjunction here? For necessity and brevity, for the necessity of the meter, and for brevity. "From, to" means "from and to." "Until" means "and until." And "khalaa," "haasha," "adaa," "fi" (in), "an" (from), and "ala" (on). How many letters are in one verse? From, to, until, except, save, but, in, from, on.
The student: Nine.
The Shaykh : Nine letters, although we learned from the beginning what these tools are, that they are letters, and we learned their function, that they cause genitive case. And he gave them to us in his saying: "Here" So in the verse there is a gift and a ruling, yes, and tools. Nine tools. And this indicates to you that this Alfiyyah is comprehensive in reality, and it is one of the most comprehensive books of grammar.