Explanation of the saying of Ibn Malik (may Allah have mercy on him): "If a verb is with *an* or what takes its place, *** and the name of the source, it acts."
Machine translationRead the Arabic original
The Shaykh :"Its place" An example of this is: "I was surprised by your hitting Zayd." You make its place a source verb by saying: "from *an* you hit Zayd," or the *ma* of the source from "what you hit Zayd," meaning: from your hitting. And his saying: "or what takes its place" is a precaution for when *an* and *ma* do not take its place, as in your saying: "My hitting is severe." "My hitting is severe" does not take the place of *an* and the verb, yes, because you say: "My hitting is severe," meaning: I hit him severely as much as I can. And you say, for example: "The load of the camel is heavy." Does it act or not?
The student: He would not act on it.
The Shaykh : It does not act because it is not on the assumption of *an* or *ma*. "I was surprised by your hitting the slave bound." What takes its place?
The student: *An* you hit.
The Shaykh : *An* you hit. He said: "and the name of the source acts" The name of the source acts. "The name of the source" is a preposition and its object, a predicate placed before, and "acts" is a subject placed after. The meaning is: the name of the source acts just as the source acts. But what is the difference between them? The name of the source is what has the meaning of the verb without its letters, and the source is what has the meaning of the verb and its letters. "Speech" is a name of the source, because the source is "talking." "Peace" is a name of the source because the source is "greeting." "I took him out," "taking out" is a name of the source, because the source is "taking out."[Nuh 71:17] Is "planting" a source or not?
The student: A noun.
The Shaykh : It is a name of the source, because it has the meaning of the verb without its letters. And on this, analogize. Allah the Exalted said: Is this a source or a name of the source?
The student: A verbal noun (masdar).
The Shaykh :.
The student: A verbal noun (masdar).
The Shaykh : It is a source, right? Okay, a name of the source, for example? What is an example of a name of the source? You say: "I was surprised by your talking to Zayd," meaning: from *an* you talk to Zayd. This is a name of the source. "and the name of the source acts" And Allah knows best.
The time has ended, I think?
The student: There are still ten minutes left.
The Shaykh : I have finished... this is what we did not cover. The prostration for forgetfulness? The prostration for recitation, huh?
The student: He would not act on it.
The Shaykh : It does not act because it is not on the assumption of *an* or *ma*. "I was surprised by your hitting the slave bound." What takes its place?
The student: *An* you hit.
The Shaykh : *An* you hit. He said: "and the name of the source acts" The name of the source acts. "The name of the source" is a preposition and its object, a predicate placed before, and "acts" is a subject placed after. The meaning is: the name of the source acts just as the source acts. But what is the difference between them? The name of the source is what has the meaning of the verb without its letters, and the source is what has the meaning of the verb and its letters. "Speech" is a name of the source, because the source is "talking." "Peace" is a name of the source because the source is "greeting." "I took him out," "taking out" is a name of the source, because the source is "taking out."
And Allah has caused you to grow from the earth a [progressive] growth.
والله أنبتكم من الأرض نباتًاThe student: A noun.
The Shaykh : It is a name of the source, because it has the meaning of the verb without its letters. And on this, analogize. Allah the Exalted said:
And Allah spoke to Moses with a direct speech
وكلم الله موسى تكليمًاThe student: A verbal noun (masdar).
The Shaykh :
And Allah spoke to Moses with a direct speech
وكلم الله موسى تكليمًاThe student: A verbal noun (masdar).
The Shaykh : It is a source, right? Okay, a name of the source, for example? What is an example of a name of the source? You say: "I was surprised by your talking to Zayd," meaning: from *an* you talk to Zayd. This is a name of the source. "and the name of the source acts" And Allah knows best.
The time has ended, I think?
The student: There are still ten minutes left.
The Shaykh : I have finished... this is what we did not cover. The prostration for forgetfulness? The prostration for recitation, huh?