Explanation of the author's statement: "And it is considered that the nisab has been reached, the amount of which is one thousand and six hundred Iraqi ratls, and the fruits of a single year are combined with one another to complete the nisab, but not one type with another."
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The Shaykh : The author (may Allah have mercy on him) says: "And it is considered that the nisab has been reached". "It is considered" means that it is a condition for the obligation of zakah that the nisab be reached, the amount of which is one thousand and six hundred Iraqi ratls. But by what is this weight measured? There is something light and there is something heavy. The scholars (may Allah have mercy on them) measured it by good, dense wheat. So you take a container that holds this weight of wheat and measure it by that. If someone asks why the scholars (may Allah have mercy on them) measured by weight when the Sunnah came with measure, the answer is that weight is more accurate because sa' and mudd vary from time to time and from place to place. So it was transferred to weight because weight is fixed by the mithqal. It is measured by mithqals, and the mithqals have been fixed from the beginning of Islam to this day. They said this is so that it is preserved and its measurement is easy. Our scholars and sheikhs (may Allah have mercy on them) mentioned that the sa' of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) is four mudds. Indeed, this is what came in the Sunnah: four mudds. Whereas the sa' with us is three mudds, even though it is larger than the sa' of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). This indicates that if we had measured by volume, there would have been much disagreement. So volume was transferred to weight. The way to do this is to take a weight of two kilograms and forty grams of wheat. You weigh two kilograms and forty grams, then you take a container and put in what you weighed. If you fill it, it becomes... This is the Prophetic sa'. And we have a mudd that we found in the ruins in Unaizah. It is written on it: "This mudd is from so-and-so from so-and-so from so-and-so from so-and-so until it reached Zayd ibn Thabit (may Allah be pleased with him)." It is carved on the outside, and it is made of copper. I measured it by that weight, and it was close. I mean, I took dense wheat and filled this container and weighed it, and it was close to what the jurists (may Allah have mercy on them) mentioned.
He says: "And it is one thousand and six hundred Iraqi ratls, and the fruits of a single year are combined with one another to complete the nisab, but not one type with another". Yes, the fruits of a single year are combined with one another to complete the nisab. So if a person has an orchard, part of which is harvested early, meaning it comes at the beginning of the time, and the other part is delayed, then we combine some of it with the rest to complete the nisab. If the first is half a nisab and the second is half a nisab, then zakah is obligatory. It is not said that this was harvested and finished before the second was harvested, or if it was a crop and it was reaped before the second was reaped. Because we say the fruit is the fruit of a single year. As for the fruit of two years, it is not combined. So if a person plants a land in the year twelve, then plants it a second time in the year thirteen, is it combined with the fruit of this year? No, because each one is independent of the other.
The author (may Allah have mercy on him) benefited us by stating that if a person has orchards in different places far from one another, they are combined with one another. So if he has a farm in Makkah that reaches half a nisab and a farm in Madinah that reaches half a nisab, then zakah is obligatory upon him. Now, are the types combined with one another? Yes? Yes, the types are combined with one another. For example, the sugary variety is combined with the Barhi variety, and all of them are combined with... and so on. And likewise in wheat, which is called al-La'iyyah, al-Laqimi, al-Hanadh, and al-Jaribah with us, and it has types that are combined with one another. But not one type with another, such as barley is not combined with wheat. So if he has a farm, half of which is barley and half of which is wheat, and each of them is less than the nisab, then they are not combined with one another due to the difference in type. Just as cattle are not combined with camels or sheep, because the type is different. I am holding onto this issue because we will need it in the zakah of the two currencies: is gold combined with silver or not? It will come, if Allah wills.
He said: "But not one type with another" — may Allah have mercy on you — it appears that this copy has ended — may Allah have mercy on you — "And the fruits of a single year are combined with one another, but not one type with another".
He says: "And it is one thousand and six hundred Iraqi ratls, and the fruits of a single year are combined with one another to complete the nisab, but not one type with another". Yes, the fruits of a single year are combined with one another to complete the nisab. So if a person has an orchard, part of which is harvested early, meaning it comes at the beginning of the time, and the other part is delayed, then we combine some of it with the rest to complete the nisab. If the first is half a nisab and the second is half a nisab, then zakah is obligatory. It is not said that this was harvested and finished before the second was harvested, or if it was a crop and it was reaped before the second was reaped. Because we say the fruit is the fruit of a single year. As for the fruit of two years, it is not combined. So if a person plants a land in the year twelve, then plants it a second time in the year thirteen, is it combined with the fruit of this year? No, because each one is independent of the other.
The author (may Allah have mercy on him) benefited us by stating that if a person has orchards in different places far from one another, they are combined with one another. So if he has a farm in Makkah that reaches half a nisab and a farm in Madinah that reaches half a nisab, then zakah is obligatory upon him. Now, are the types combined with one another? Yes? Yes, the types are combined with one another. For example, the sugary variety is combined with the Barhi variety, and all of them are combined with... and so on. And likewise in wheat, which is called al-La'iyyah, al-Laqimi, al-Hanadh, and al-Jaribah with us, and it has types that are combined with one another. But not one type with another, such as barley is not combined with wheat. So if he has a farm, half of which is barley and half of which is wheat, and each of them is less than the nisab, then they are not combined with one another due to the difference in type. Just as cattle are not combined with camels or sheep, because the type is different. I am holding onto this issue because we will need it in the zakah of the two currencies: is gold combined with silver or not? It will come, if Allah wills.
He said: "But not one type with another" — may Allah have mercy on you — it appears that this copy has ended — may Allah have mercy on you — "And the fruits of a single year are combined with one another, but not one type with another".