Explanation of the words of Imam al-Nawawi (may Allah have mercy on him) regarding what he quoted: "
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The Shaykh : In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful:
The author (may Allah have mercy on him) quoted two hadiths in the chapter on patience and its reward: one from Abu Hurayrah, and the other from Anas ibn Malik (may Allah be pleased with him), regarding the reward of patience and seeking reward from Allah. It is incumbent upon a person, indeed obligatory, to be patient and endure. As for the hadith of Abu Hurayrah, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said:Muwatta Malik 50:7 This word was read in two ways: or : and both are correct. As for "yusib minhu" (He afflicts him), the meaning is that Allah the Exalted decrees calamities upon him to test him: will he be patient or will he become impatient?
As for: it is more general, meaning he is afflicted by Allah and by others. However, this general hadith is restricted by other hadiths that indicate that the intended meaning is: Muwatta Malik 50:7 so he is patient and seeks reward, and Allah afflicts him to test him.
If he does not be patient, a person may be afflicted with many calamities in which there is no good, and Allah did not intend good for him. The disbelievers are afflicted with many calamities, yet they remain in their disbelief until they die upon it. These people, without a doubt, are not among those for whom Allah intends good. But the intended meaning is: whoever Allah intends good for, He afflicts him, and he is patient with these calamities. That is good for him, because it has been established that Allah expiates sins and removes errors through calamities. It is well known that the expiation of sins and the removal of errors is undoubtedly good for a person, because the utmost of calamities is that they are worldly afflictions that pass with time. As days go by, the calamity becomes lighter for you. But the punishment of the Hereafter remains, and may Allah protect us from it. So if Allah expiates your sins through these calamities, that becomes good for you.
The author (may Allah have mercy on him) quoted two hadiths in the chapter on patience and its reward: one from Abu Hurayrah, and the other from Anas ibn Malik (may Allah be pleased with him), regarding the reward of patience and seeking reward from Allah. It is incumbent upon a person, indeed obligatory, to be patient and endure. As for the hadith of Abu Hurayrah, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said:
Allah afflicts the one for whom He desires good.
من يُرد الله به خيرا يُصَب منهHe is afflicted
يصَب منهHe afflicts him
يصِب منهAs for
He is afflicted
يصَب منهAllah afflicts the one for whom He desires good
مَن يُرد الله به خيراIf he does not be patient, a person may be afflicted with many calamities in which there is no good, and Allah did not intend good for him. The disbelievers are afflicted with many calamities, yet they remain in their disbelief until they die upon it. These people, without a doubt, are not among those for whom Allah intends good. But the intended meaning is: whoever Allah intends good for, He afflicts him, and he is patient with these calamities. That is good for him, because it has been established that Allah expiates sins and removes errors through calamities. It is well known that the expiation of sins and the removal of errors is undoubtedly good for a person, because the utmost of calamities is that they are worldly afflictions that pass with time. As days go by, the calamity becomes lighter for you. But the punishment of the Hereafter remains, and may Allah protect us from it. So if Allah expiates your sins through these calamities, that becomes good for you.