Explanation of the words of Imam al-Nawawi (may Allah have mercy on him) regarding what he quoted: "
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The Shaykh : In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful:
He (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "The chapter on the virtue of the weak among the Muslims, their poor, and the humble among them":
The meaning of this chapter is to console the one whom Allah has decreed to be weak in his body, or weak in his intellect, or weak in his wealth, or weak in his status, or in any other way that people consider weakness. For Allah (Glorified and Exalted is He) may make a person weak in one aspect, but strong in the sight of Allah (Mighty and Majestic), whom Allah loves and honors, and He places him in high stations. This is what is important: that you be strong in the sight of Allah (Mighty and Majestic), honored in His presence, and possessing a dignity by which Allah honors you.
Then he mentioned the statement of Allah the Exalted, addressing His Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) in His saying:[Al-Kahf 18:28]: "Be patient with yourself" means: restrain yourself with these people who call upon Allah in the morning: the beginning of the day, and in the evening: the end of the day. The meaning of "calling" here is the call of asking and the call of worship.
For the call of asking is a call, as He the Exalted said in the Qudsi Hadith:Sahih al-Bukhari 1145, [Ghafir 40:60].
And the call of worship is that a person worships his Lord with what He has prescribed, because the worshipper calls with the tongue of his state and the tongue of his speech. For example, prayer is a worship that includes reciting the Qur'an, the remembrance of Allah, His glorification, and His supplication as well. Fasting is a worship, and although in its essence it does not contain supplication, the person does not fast except in hope of Allah's reward and fear of Allah's punishment, so it is a call with the tongue of his state.
And worship may be pure supplication, where a person calls upon his Lord with supplication and thereby becomes a worshipper of Him, even if it is merely supplication, because supplication means a person's need for Allah, his good opinion of Him, his hope in Him, and his fear of His punishment.
[Al-Kahf 18:28] The meaning of "they call" is: they ask Him for their needs and they worship Him, because the worshipper, as I said, is a caller with the tongue of his state. In the morning: the beginning of the day, and in the evening: the end of the day. Perhaps the meaning is that they call upon their Lord constantly, but they single out the morning and the evening for their specific supplication. : meaning they do not desire any worldly display, but they only desire the Face of Allah (Mighty and Majestic).
[Al-Kahf 18:28] This is like His saying the Exalted: [Taha 20:131]. Here He said: [Al-Kahf 18:28] meaning: keep your eyes always on them. And here He said: [Taha 20:131]: do not look at the people of this world and what they have been given of comfort, such as vehicles, clothing, dwellings, and other things. All of this is the flower of this world, and the flower's final end is withering, dryness, and disappearance. It is the quickest of a tree's leaves to wither and disappear. For this reason He said "flower," and it is a beautiful flower in its appearance, beauty, and scent, if it has a scent, but it withers quickly. And so is this world: a flower that withers quickly. We ask Allah to grant us and you a share and a portion in the Hereafter.
He says:[Taha 20:131]: What did Allah provide? With obedience, as He the Exalted said: [Taha 20:132], [Taha 20:132].
: O Allah, send blessings and peace upon him. These are two great words. When a person looks at this world, he may be amazed by it and become distracted from the obedience of Allah. So he says: "Here I am," meaning I have responded to you in your obedience and the world does not concern me. Then he settles his heart and desires something better than the comfort of this world, and he says: Sahih al-Bukhari 2834, Musannaf Ibn Abi Shaybah 9:3196. And the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) spoke the truth. The life of this world, no matter what it is, is transient. No matter what it is, it is surrounded by sadness, surrounded by calamities, and surrounded by deficiency. And as the poet says in his wise poetry:
"There is no sweetness in life as long as its essence is spoiled by the remembrance of death and old age".
Life ends in one of two things, indeed life ends in one of two things:
Either old age, until a person returns to the age of childhood, with physical weakness accompanied by mental weakness, and he becomes a burden even on his family, until his family are fed up with him.
Or death. So how can life be sweet for a person? If it were not for the hope of what is in the Hereafter and what he expects of the reward of the Hereafter, his life would be in vain.
In any case, Allah commanded His Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) to be patient with himself with these people who call upon Allah in the morning and the evening, seeking His Face.
And as you see, the verse does not contain a command specifically regarding the weak, even though the occasion of revelation was so. But the lesson is in the generality: those who call upon Allah and worship Him, whether they are weak or rich, always be with them.
But generally, the nobles and the elite are further from religion than the weak and the oppressed. For this reason, you find that those who lie to the messengers are whom? The elite. The elite of the people of Salih said:[Al-A'raf 7:75]. So we ask Allah to make us and you among the people of truth, the callers to truth, and its supporters, for He is Generous and Noble.
The reader: In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
Praise be to Allah, Lord of the worlds, and may peace and blessings be upon our Prophet Muhammad, and upon his family and all his Companions:
The author (may Allah have mercy on him) quoted: "From Harithah ibn Wahb (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) say:Sahih al-Bukhari 4918, agreed upon by al-Bukhari and Muslim."
"Al-'utal: the thick and rough one. And al-jawwaz: with an open jīm and a shaddah on the wāw, and with a ḍād with a dot, and it means: the greedy and the prevented one. Or it is said: the large one who walks with arrogance. Or it is said: the short one with a big belly".
He (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "The chapter on the virtue of the weak among the Muslims, their poor, and the humble among them":
The meaning of this chapter is to console the one whom Allah has decreed to be weak in his body, or weak in his intellect, or weak in his wealth, or weak in his status, or in any other way that people consider weakness. For Allah (Glorified and Exalted is He) may make a person weak in one aspect, but strong in the sight of Allah (Mighty and Majestic), whom Allah loves and honors, and He places him in high stations. This is what is important: that you be strong in the sight of Allah (Mighty and Majestic), honored in His presence, and possessing a dignity by which Allah honors you.
Then he mentioned the statement of Allah the Exalted, addressing His Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) in His saying:
And keep yourself patient [by being] with those who call upon their Lord in the morning and the evening
وَاصْبِرْ نَفْسَكَ مَعَ الَّذِينَ يَدْعُونَ رَبَّهُمْ بِالْغَدَوة وَالْعَشِيّFor the call of asking is a call, as He the Exalted said in the Qudsi Hadith:
Is there anyone to invoke Me, so that I may respond to invocation?
مَن يدعوني فأستجيب لهAnd your Lord says, "Call upon Me; I will respond to you."
وَقَالَ رَبُّكُمُ ادْعُونِي أَسْتَجِبْ لَكُمْAnd the call of worship is that a person worships his Lord with what He has prescribed, because the worshipper calls with the tongue of his state and the tongue of his speech. For example, prayer is a worship that includes reciting the Qur'an, the remembrance of Allah, His glorification, and His supplication as well. Fasting is a worship, and although in its essence it does not contain supplication, the person does not fast except in hope of Allah's reward and fear of Allah's punishment, so it is a call with the tongue of his state.
And worship may be pure supplication, where a person calls upon his Lord with supplication and thereby becomes a worshipper of Him, even if it is merely supplication, because supplication means a person's need for Allah, his good opinion of Him, his hope in Him, and his fear of His punishment.
And keep yourself patient [by being] with those who call upon their Lord
وَاصْبِرْ نَفْسَكَ مَعَ الَّذِينَ يَدْعُونَ رَبَّهُمْSeeking His Face
يُرِيدُونَ وَجْهَهُAnd let not your eyes pass beyond them
وَلا تَعْدُ عَيْنَاكَ عَنْهُمْAnd do not extend your eyes toward that by which We have given enjoyment to [some] categories of them, [its being but] the splendor of worldly life by which We test them. And the provision of your Lord is better and more enduring.
وَلا تَمُدَّنَ عَيْنَيْكَ إِلَى مَا مَتَّعْنَا بِهِ أَزْوَاجاً مِنْهُمْ زَهْرَةَ الْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا لِنَفْتِنَهُمْ فِيهِ وَرِزْقُ رَبِّكَ خَيْرٌ وَأَبْقَىAnd let not your eyes pass beyond them
وَلا تَعْدُ عَيْنَاكَ عَنْهُمْAnd do not extend your eyes toward that by which We have given enjoyment to [some] categories of them, [its being but] the splendor of worldly life
وَلا تَمُدَّنَ عَيْنَيْكَ إِلَى مَا مَتَّعْنَا بِهِ أَزْوَاجاً مِنْهُمْ زَهْرَةَ الْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَاHe says:
by which We test them. And the provision of your Lord is better and more enduring.
لِنَفْتِنَهُمْ فِيهِ وَرِزْقُ رَبِّكَ خَيْرٌ وَأَبْقَىWe ask you not for provision; We provide for you
لا نَسْأَلُكَ رِزْقاً نَحْنُ نَرْزُقُكَAnd enjoin prayer upon your family [and people] and be steadfast therein. We ask you not for provision; We provide for you, and the [best] outcome is for [those of] righteousness.
وَأْمُرْ أَهْلَكَ بِالصَّلاةِ وَاصْطَبِرْ عَلَيْهَا لا نَسْأَلُكَ رِزْقاً نَحْنُ نَرْزُقُكَ وَالْعَاقِبَةُ لِلتَّقْوَىAnd the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), when he saw something from the worldly life that pleased him, would say: "Here I am, for the life is the life of the Hereafter."
وكان النبي صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم إذا رأى شيئاً يعجبه من الدنيا قال: لبيك إن العيش عيش الآخرةThe real life is that of the Here-after
إن العيش عيش الآخرةAt your service, for the true life is the life of the Hereafter.
لبيك إن العيش عيش الآخرة"There is no sweetness in life as long as its essence is spoiled by the remembrance of death and old age".
Life ends in one of two things, indeed life ends in one of two things:
Either old age, until a person returns to the age of childhood, with physical weakness accompanied by mental weakness, and he becomes a burden even on his family, until his family are fed up with him.
Or death. So how can life be sweet for a person? If it were not for the hope of what is in the Hereafter and what he expects of the reward of the Hereafter, his life would be in vain.
In any case, Allah commanded His Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) to be patient with himself with these people who call upon Allah in the morning and the evening, seeking His Face.
And as you see, the verse does not contain a command specifically regarding the weak, even though the occasion of revelation was so. But the lesson is in the generality: those who call upon Allah and worship Him, whether they are weak or rich, always be with them.
But generally, the nobles and the elite are further from religion than the weak and the oppressed. For this reason, you find that those who lie to the messengers are whom? The elite. The elite of the people of Salih said:
Said the eminent ones who were arrogant among his people to those who were oppressed - to those who believed among them, "Do you [actually] know that Salih is sent from his Lord?
قَالَ الْمَلَأُ الَّذِينَ اسْتَكْبَرُوا مِنْ قَوْمِهِ لِلَّذِينَ اسْتُضْعِفُوا لِمَنْ آمَنَ مِنْهُمْ أَتَعْلَمُونَ أَنَّ صَالِحاً مُرْسَلٌ مِنْ رَبِّهِThe reader: In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
Praise be to Allah, Lord of the worlds, and may peace and blessings be upon our Prophet Muhammad, and upon his family and all his Companions:
The author (may Allah have mercy on him) quoted: "From Harithah ibn Wahb (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) say:
"May I tell you of the people of Paradise? Every weak and poor obscure person whom the people look down upon but his oath is fulfilled by Allah when he takes an oath to do something. And may I inform you of the people of the Hell-Fire? They are all those violent, arrogant and stubborn people."
أَلا أُخبركم بأهل الجنة كل ضعيف مُتضعَّف لو أقسم على الله لأبره ، ألا أُخبركم بأهل النار، كُل عُتلٍ جواظ مُستكبِر"Al-'utal: the thick and rough one. And al-jawwaz: with an open jīm and a shaddah on the wāw, and with a ḍād with a dot, and it means: the greedy and the prevented one. Or it is said: the large one who walks with arrogance. Or it is said: the short one with a big belly".