Explanation of Riyad al-Salihin-86b
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The reciter: Praise be to Allah, Lord of the worlds, and may peace and blessings be upon our Prophet Muhammad, and upon his family and all his Companions.
The author (may Allah have mercy on him) transmitted, in the context of the hadiths, in "the chapter on the prohibition of looking at a non-mahram woman or a handsome young boy without a legitimate religious need.
From Jarir (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: I asked the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) about the sudden glance, and he said Narrated by Muslim
And from Umm Salama (may Allah be pleased with her), who said:Riyad as-Salihin 1626 Narrated by Abu Dawud and al-Tirmidhi, who said: It is a good, authentic hadith
And from Abu Sa'id (may Allah be pleased with him), that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) saidSahih Muslim 338a Narrated by Muslim "
The Shaykh : In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
The author (may Allah have mercy on him) stated in what he transmitted in his book *Riyad al-Saliheen* in the chapter "The prohibition of looking at a non-mahram woman and a handsome boy without a legal need"
From Jarir (may Allah be pleased with him), that he
The sudden glance is what catches a person by surprise, such as when a woman passes by unexpectedly and has uncovered her face. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said meaning turn it to the right or left so that you do not look.
It is derived from this hadith that it is forbidden for a man to look at a woman, but if this happens suddenly, it is excused because it is not by the person's choice, and whatever is not by the person's choice, Allah has excused it.
As for the second hadith, the hadith of Umm Salama, that she and that was after the revelation of hijab meaning from Ibn Umm Maktum, who was blind
So he commanded them to veil themselves from the man, even if he was blind. But this hadith is weak because all the authentic hadiths contradict it. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said to Fatimah bint QaysSunan Abi Dawud 2284Sahih (Al-Albani) and this hadith is in the two Sahihs. As for this hadith mentioned by the author (may Allah have mercy on him), Imam Ahmad said "If it is raised to the Prophet, it is an error" meaning it is not authentic from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him).
And based on this, it is not forbidden for a woman to look at a man, even if he is a non-mahram, on the condition that her look is not for desire or enjoyment, meaning a normal look. And so we see men walking in the markets with their faces uncovered, and women look at their faces. Likewise, women in the time of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) would attend the mosque, and men did not veil themselves from them. If it were not permissible for a woman to see a man, he would have been obligated to veil himself just as a woman veils herself from a man. The correct view is that a woman may look at a man, but without desire, enjoyment, or pleasure. As for the man, it is forbidden for him to see a woman, as we have passed through recently and as we have passed through previously. As for the last hadith, discussion of it will come, if Allah wills, in a future lesson. And Allah knows best.
The author (may Allah have mercy on him) transmitted, in the context of the hadiths, in "the chapter on the prohibition of looking at a non-mahram woman or a handsome young boy without a legitimate religious need.
From Jarir (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: I asked the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) about the sudden glance, and he said
Avert your gaze
اصرف بصركAnd from Umm Salama (may Allah be pleased with her), who said:
I was with the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) along with Maimunah (May Allah be pleased with her) when Ibn Umm Maktum (May Allah be pleased with him) (who was blind) came to visit him. (This incident took place after the order of Hijab). The Prophet (ﷺ) told us to hide ourselves from him (i.e., observe Hijab). We said: "O Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), he is blind and is unable to see us, nor does he know us." He replied; "Are you also blind and unable to see him?"
كنت عند رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم وعنده ميمونة، فأقبل ابن أم مكتومٍ، وذلك بعد أن أُمرنا بالحجاب فقال النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم احتجبا منه فقلنا يا رسول الله أليس هو أعمى لا يُبصرنا، ولا يعرفنا؟ فقال النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم أفعمياوان أنتما ألستما تُبصرانهAnd from Abu Sa'id (may Allah be pleased with him), that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said
A man should not see the private parts of another man, and a woman should not see the private parts of another woman, and a man should not lie with another man under one covering, and a woman should not lie with another woman under one covering.
لا ينظر الرجل إلى عورة الرجل، ولا المرأة إلى عورة المرأة، ولا يُفضي الرجلُ إلى الرجل في ثوبٍ واحدٍ، ولا تُفضي المرأة إلى المرأة في الثوب الواحدThe Shaykh : In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
The author (may Allah have mercy on him) stated in what he transmitted in his book *Riyad al-Saliheen* in the chapter "The prohibition of looking at a non-mahram woman and a handsome boy without a legal need"
From Jarir (may Allah be pleased with him), that he
He asked the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) about the sudden glance. He said: "Avert your gaze."
سأل النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم عن نظر الفجأة قال اصرف بصركThe sudden glance is what catches a person by surprise, such as when a woman passes by unexpectedly and has uncovered her face. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said
Avert your gaze
اصرف بصركIt is derived from this hadith that it is forbidden for a man to look at a woman, but if this happens suddenly, it is excused because it is not by the person's choice, and whatever is not by the person's choice, Allah has excused it.
As for the second hadith, the hadith of Umm Salama, that she
She was with the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and Maymunah was with him, so Abdullah ibn Umm Maktum entered, and he was a blind man.
كانت عند النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم وعنده ميمونة فدخل عبدالله بن أم مكتوم وكان رجلا أعمىSo he commanded them to veil themselves from him, meaning he said to Umm Salama and Maymunah: "Veil yourselves from him."
فأمرهما أن تحتجبا منه يعني قال لأم سلمة وميمونة احتجبا منهSo they said: O Messenger of Allah, he is a blind man who does not see us and does not know us. He said: "Are you both blind? Veil yourselves from him."
فقالا يا رسول الله إنه رجل أعمى لا يبصرنا ولا يعرفنا فقال أفعمياوان أنتما احتجبا منهSo he commanded them to veil themselves from the man, even if he was blind. But this hadith is weak because all the authentic hadiths contradict it. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said to Fatimah bint Qays
Spend the waiting period in the house of Ibn Umm Maktum for he is blind and you can undress
اعتدي في بيت ابن أم مكتوم فإنه رجل أعمى تضعين ثيابك عندهAnd based on this, it is not forbidden for a woman to look at a man, even if he is a non-mahram, on the condition that her look is not for desire or enjoyment, meaning a normal look. And so we see men walking in the markets with their faces uncovered, and women look at their faces. Likewise, women in the time of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) would attend the mosque, and men did not veil themselves from them. If it were not permissible for a woman to see a man, he would have been obligated to veil himself just as a woman veils herself from a man. The correct view is that a woman may look at a man, but without desire, enjoyment, or pleasure. As for the man, it is forbidden for him to see a woman, as we have passed through recently and as we have passed through previously. As for the last hadith, discussion of it will come, if Allah wills, in a future lesson. And Allah knows best.