Explanation of Riyad al-Salihin-87b
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The reader: In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
Praise be to Allah, Lord of the worlds, and may peace and blessings be upon our Prophet Muhammad, and upon his family and all his Companions.
The author (may Allah have mercy on him) transmitted, in the context of the hadiths in the chapter, "The Chapter on the Prohibition of Visiting Soothsayers and Astrologers
from Abu Mas'ud al-Badri (may Allah be pleased with him), who said:Muwatta Malik 31:70 Agreed upon. "
The Shaykh : In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
This hadith is the last hadith in this chapter.
The chapter on the prohibition of visiting fortune-tellers, astrologers, and the likeand it isMishkat al-Masabih 2764 As for the dog, it is well known, and keeping one is forbidden. It is not permissible for a person to keep a dog with him in his house, whether it is a mud house, a reinforced concrete house, or a tent, except in three cases: a dog for guarding crops, meaning the farm; a dog for guarding livestock, meaning sheep, where a person has sheep, camels, or cattle and takes a dog to guard them; and the third is a hunting dog, which a person uses for hunting. This is because if a dog learns and catches something, it is lawful. So if a person has a trained dog and sends it after a rabbit, for example, and it catches and kills it, it is lawful. This is because Allah, Blessed and Exalted is He, said[Al-Ma'idah 5:5] and He said[Al-Ma'idah 5:5] likewise, He also says[Al-Ma'idah 5:4] So these three— the dog for guarding crops, livestock, and hunting— are permissible for a person to keep. Anything beyond that, keeping it is forbidden. The dog is the most impure of animals in terms of ritual impurity, because its impurity is severe. If it drinks from a vessel, the vessel must be washed seven times, one of which with soil. It is better that the soil be used with the first wash; that is the best and most preferable.
So if a person has a dog, even if it is a hunting dog, a livestock dog, or a crop dog, it is forbidden for him to sell it, and its price is forbidden for him. However, if he is done with it, he should give it to someone who needs it, and it is not permissible for him to sell it, because the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) forbade the price of a dog.
The second is the fee of the soothsayer. The soothsayer is the one who informs about unseen matters in the future, saying that such and such will happen, such and such will be, whether general or specific, by saying to a specific person that such and such will befall him on such and such a day. The soothsayers in the pre-Islamic age of ignorance would have people come to them, and they would take a fee from them, a large fee. So the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) forbade the fee of the soothsayer, because soothsaying is forbidden, and whatever is forbidden, the compensation for it is forbidden.
The third is the wage of the prostitute. The wage of the prostitute means the fee of the fornicator, and may Allah protect us. A woman commits fornication, and the scoundrels and impure ones among the sons of Adam come to her and hire her for a day, two days, three days, or more or less, and they give her compensation for that. The Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) also forbade this, because this compensation is in exchange for a forbidden act. And when Allah forbids something, He forbids its price and its wage.
So if someone says, "What if the soothsayer repents to Allah and has earned money from Zayd, 'Amr, Khalid, and Bakr, should he return it to them?" We say, no, he does not return it to them, because they have already taken the compensation. He does not combine the compensation and the thing compensated for for them. Rather, he gives it in charity to get rid of it, or he puts it in the public treasury if there is a public treasury. The same is said about the one who sold a dog, whether a hunting dog, a crop dog, or a livestock dog, and took its price, then Allah guided him and he repented. We say, do not return this price to the one who took the dog, so that you do not combine the compensation and the thing compensated for for him. Rather, give it in charity to get rid of it, or put it in the public treasury. The same is said about the wage of the prostitute if the woman repents to Allah and returns. Does she return what she took from the fornicator to him or not? No, she does not return it to him, but she puts it in the public treasury, or gives it in charity, or spends it in any path of good. And success is from Allah.
The reader: In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
Praise be to Allah, Lord of the worlds, and may peace and blessings be upon our Prophet Muhammad, and upon his family and all his Companions.
He said (may Allah have mercy on him): "The Chapter on the Prohibition of Taking Omens. From Anas (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said:Sahih al-Bukhari 5776 Agreed upon."
Praise be to Allah, Lord of the worlds, and may peace and blessings be upon our Prophet Muhammad, and upon his family and all his Companions.
The author (may Allah have mercy on him) transmitted, in the context of the hadiths in the chapter, "The Chapter on the Prohibition of Visiting Soothsayers and Astrologers
from Abu Mas'ud al-Badri (may Allah be pleased with him), who said:
that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, forbade the sale price of a dog, the earnings of a prostitute and the earnings of a fortune teller
أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم نهى عن ثمن الكلب، ومهر البغي وحُلوان الكاهنThe Shaykh : In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
This hadith is the last hadith in this chapter.
The chapter on the prohibition of visiting fortune-tellers, astrologers, and the likeand it is
that God’s Messenger forbade the price paid for a dog, the hire paid to a prostitute, and the gift given to a soothsayer.
أن النبي صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم نهى عن ثمن الكلب ومهر البغي وحلوان الكاهنThis day [all] good foods have been made lawful, and the food of those who were given the Scripture is lawful for you and your food is lawful for them. And [lawful in marriage are] chaste women from among the believers and chaste women from among those who were given the Scripture before you
اليوم أحل لكم الطيبات وطعام الذين أوتوا الكتاب حل لكم وطعامكم حل لهم والمحصنات من المؤمنات والمحصنات من الذين اوتوا الكتاب من قبلكمthe food of those who were given the Scripture is lawful for you and your food is lawful for them
طعام الذين أوتوا الكتاب حل لكم وطعامكم حل لهمwhat you have trained of hunting animals which you train as Allah has taught you. So eat of what they catch for you, and mention the name of Allah upon it, and fear Allah." Indeed, Allah is swift in account.
ما علمتم من الجوارح مكلبين تعلمونهن مما علمكم الله فكلوا مما أمسكن عليكم واذكروا اسم الله عليه واتقوا الله إن الله سريع الحسابSo if a person has a dog, even if it is a hunting dog, a livestock dog, or a crop dog, it is forbidden for him to sell it, and its price is forbidden for him. However, if he is done with it, he should give it to someone who needs it, and it is not permissible for him to sell it, because the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) forbade the price of a dog.
The second is the fee of the soothsayer. The soothsayer is the one who informs about unseen matters in the future, saying that such and such will happen, such and such will be, whether general or specific, by saying to a specific person that such and such will befall him on such and such a day. The soothsayers in the pre-Islamic age of ignorance would have people come to them, and they would take a fee from them, a large fee. So the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) forbade the fee of the soothsayer, because soothsaying is forbidden, and whatever is forbidden, the compensation for it is forbidden.
The third is the wage of the prostitute. The wage of the prostitute means the fee of the fornicator, and may Allah protect us. A woman commits fornication, and the scoundrels and impure ones among the sons of Adam come to her and hire her for a day, two days, three days, or more or less, and they give her compensation for that. The Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) also forbade this, because this compensation is in exchange for a forbidden act. And when Allah forbids something, He forbids its price and its wage.
So if someone says, "What if the soothsayer repents to Allah and has earned money from Zayd, 'Amr, Khalid, and Bakr, should he return it to them?" We say, no, he does not return it to them, because they have already taken the compensation. He does not combine the compensation and the thing compensated for for them. Rather, he gives it in charity to get rid of it, or he puts it in the public treasury if there is a public treasury. The same is said about the one who sold a dog, whether a hunting dog, a crop dog, or a livestock dog, and took its price, then Allah guided him and he repented. We say, do not return this price to the one who took the dog, so that you do not combine the compensation and the thing compensated for for him. Rather, give it in charity to get rid of it, or put it in the public treasury. The same is said about the wage of the prostitute if the woman repents to Allah and returns. Does she return what she took from the fornicator to him or not? No, she does not return it to him, but she puts it in the public treasury, or gives it in charity, or spends it in any path of good. And success is from Allah.
The reader: In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
Praise be to Allah, Lord of the worlds, and may peace and blessings be upon our Prophet Muhammad, and upon his family and all his Companions.
He said (may Allah have mercy on him): "The Chapter on the Prohibition of Taking Omens. From Anas (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: