What the ma'mum catches up with the imam is considered the beginning of his prayer
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Q: I joined the imam in the 'Isha' prayer, and that was in the last two rak'ahs, which are recited quietly. What should I do with the two rak'ahs I missed? Should I recite in them quietly or aloud?
A: The correct view is that what the ma'mum catches up with is considered the beginning of his prayer, and what he makes up is the end of it. This is the correct and most accurate of the scholars' opinions, based on his saying (peace and blessings be upon him):Sunan Abi Dawud 572Hasan Sahih (Al-Albani), and in the other wording: “,” and its meaning is "complete it," because qada' here means completion, combining the two narrations.
This is the meaning of His saying (Glorified and Exalted is He): [al-Nisa: 103] and His saying (peace and blessings be upon him) : [al-Baqarah: 200]. The meaning in both verses is "you have completed." So if one catches up with two rak'ahs of 'Isha', for example, or of Maghrib, he makes up the rest according to the situation. If it is Maghrib, he makes up the second rak'ah with loud recitation and the third without loud recitation. If it is 'Isha', he makes up both quietly without loud recitation, and he suffices with reciting al-Fatihah only, because they are the end of his prayer.
A: The correct view is that what the ma'mum catches up with is considered the beginning of his prayer, and what he makes up is the end of it. This is the correct and most accurate of the scholars' opinions, based on his saying (peace and blessings be upon him):
When the iqamah is pronounced for prayer, do not come to it running, but come walking(slowly). You should observe tranquility. The part of the prayer you get(along with the imam) offer it, and the part you miss complete it(afterwards).
إذا أقيمت الصلاة فلا تأتوها تسعون وأتوها تمشون وعليكم السكينة، فما أدركتم فصلوا وما فاتكم فأتمواSo make up what you missed
فاقضواThis is the meaning of His saying (Glorified and Exalted is He):
And when you have completed the prayer, remember Allah
فَإِذَا قَضَيْتُمُ الصَّلَاةَ فَاذْكُرُوا اللَّهَAnd when you have completed your rites, remember Allah
فَإِذَا قَضَيْتُمْ مَنَاسِكَكُمْ فَاذْكُرُوا اللَّهَ
Source
binbaz.org.sa
The Arabic text is copied verbatim from the original source, without any edits.