A Collection of Inquiries Regarding the Prostration of Forgetfulness
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Q: Is the prostration of forgetfulness prescribed in the following cases:
If one recites, in the last two units of a four-unit prayer, along with the Fatiha, whatever is easy of the Qur'an.
If one recites in prostration, or says, for example, "Glory be to my Lord, the Most High" between the two prostrations.
If one raises his voice in a quiet prayer, or lowers his voice in a loud prayer.
A: If one recites a verse or more, or a chapter, in the last two units of a four-unit prayer or in one of them, out of forgetfulness, the prostration is not prescribed for him. This is because it is established from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) what indicates that he may recite more than the Fatiha in the third and fourth units of the midday prayer. It is also established that he praised the imam who used to recite after the Fatiha in all the units of his prayer: [Al-Ikhlas: 1]. However, it is well known from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) that he did not recite in the third and fourth units except the Fatiha, as in the authentic collections from the hadith of Abu Qatadah (may Allah be pleased with him).
It is also established from the Companion (may Allah be pleased with him) that he recited in the third unit of the sunset prayer after the Fatiha: [Al-Imran: 8].
All of this indicates leniency in this matter.
As for the one who recites in bowing or prostration out of forgetfulness, he must prostrate for forgetfulness. This is because it is not permissible for him to intentionally recite in bowing and prostration, as the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) prohibited that. If he recites out of forgetfulness in bowing or prostration, the prostration of forgetfulness is obligatory for him.
Likewise, if one forgets in bowing and says, "Glory be to my Lord, the Most High" instead of "Glory be to my Lord, the Most Great," or forgets in prostration and says, "Glory be to my Lord, the Most Great" instead of "Glory be to my Lord, the Most High," the prostration is obligatory for him, because he left off an obligatory act out of forgetfulness.
However, if he combined them in bowing and prostration out of forgetfulness, the prostration is not obligatory for him. If he prostrates for forgetfulness, there is no harm, due to the generality of the evidence.
This applies to the imam, the one praying alone, and the one who joins the prayer late.
As for the follower who was with the imam from the beginning of the prayer, the prostration of forgetfulness is not required of him in these matters, and he must follow his imam. Likewise, if he raises his voice in a quiet prayer, or lowers his voice in a loud prayer, the prostration is not required of him, because the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) used to make them hear the verse sometimes in quiet prayers. And success is from Allah.
If one recites, in the last two units of a four-unit prayer, along with the Fatiha, whatever is easy of the Qur'an.
If one recites in prostration, or says, for example, "Glory be to my Lord, the Most High" between the two prostrations.
If one raises his voice in a quiet prayer, or lowers his voice in a loud prayer.
A: If one recites a verse or more, or a chapter, in the last two units of a four-unit prayer or in one of them, out of forgetfulness, the prostration is not prescribed for him. This is because it is established from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) what indicates that he may recite more than the Fatiha in the third and fourth units of the midday prayer. It is also established that he praised the imam who used to recite after the Fatiha in all the units of his prayer:
Say, "He is Allah, [who is] One,
قُلْ هُوَ اللَّهُ أَحَدٌIt is also established from the Companion (may Allah be pleased with him) that he recited in the third unit of the sunset prayer after the Fatiha:
[Who say], "Our Lord, let not our hearts deviate after You have guided us and grant us from Yourself mercy. Indeed, You are the Bestower.
رَبَّنَا لَا تُزِغْ قُلُوبَنَا بَعْدَ إِذْ هَدَيْتَنَا وَهَبْ لَنَا مِنْ لَدُنْكَ رَحْمَةً إِنَّكَ أَنْتَ الْوَهَّابُAll of this indicates leniency in this matter.
As for the one who recites in bowing or prostration out of forgetfulness, he must prostrate for forgetfulness. This is because it is not permissible for him to intentionally recite in bowing and prostration, as the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) prohibited that. If he recites out of forgetfulness in bowing or prostration, the prostration of forgetfulness is obligatory for him.
Likewise, if one forgets in bowing and says, "Glory be to my Lord, the Most High" instead of "Glory be to my Lord, the Most Great," or forgets in prostration and says, "Glory be to my Lord, the Most Great" instead of "Glory be to my Lord, the Most High," the prostration is obligatory for him, because he left off an obligatory act out of forgetfulness.
However, if he combined them in bowing and prostration out of forgetfulness, the prostration is not obligatory for him. If he prostrates for forgetfulness, there is no harm, due to the generality of the evidence.
This applies to the imam, the one praying alone, and the one who joins the prayer late.
As for the follower who was with the imam from the beginning of the prayer, the prostration of forgetfulness is not required of him in these matters, and he must follow his imam. Likewise, if he raises his voice in a quiet prayer, or lowers his voice in a loud prayer, the prostration is not required of him, because the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) used to make them hear the verse sometimes in quiet prayers. And success is from Allah.
Source
binbaz.org.sa
The Arabic text is copied verbatim from the original source, without any edits.