Explanation of the Obstacles to Declension: "The Measure of the Verb"
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The Shaykh : What is the measure of the verb? They said: It means the measure of the verb. So, if a noun comes in the measure of the verb, it is prevented from declension. It is prevented from declension whether this noun is a proper name or a description, whether it is a proper name or a description. If it is in the measure of what? The verb, then it is prevented from declension, whether it is a noun or a description, and whether the verb is past tense, present tense, or imperative, it is prevented from declension. Now, if we name a man Yazid, is it prevented from declension?
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : Yazid, Yazid ibn Mu'awiyah. Now, is it prevented from declension?
The student: It is prevented from declension.
The Shaykh : What prevents it from declension?
The student: The measure of the verb.
The Shaykh : The measure of the verb, because the noun Yazid is equivalent to the verb Yazid. You say, "This Yazid increases and decreases." Clear? Now, Yashkar is a man's name. Is Yashkar prevented from declension? The obstacles to its declension are being a proper name and the measure of the verb. If it is a proper name, you say being a proper name and the measure of the verb. Now, Afdal. I passed by a man who is Afdal than so-and-so. Afdal.
Ahmad, Ahmad.
The student: It is prevented from declension.
The Shaykh : It is prevented from declension. What is the obstacle to declension? Being a proper name and the measure of the verb, right? Being a proper name and the measure of the verb. Now, Afdal. I passed by a man who is Afdal than so-and-so. Afdal.
The student: It is prevented from declension.
The Shaykh : It is prevented from declension. Yes, Afdal. What is the obstacle for it?
The student: Being a description.
The Shaykh : Being a description, because it is a superlative adjective and a description, not a proper name, and the measure of the verb. Because Afdal is on the measure of Akram, and Akram is a past tense verb. Akram is a past tense verb. Now.
In a place called Ismat. Ismat. This is also on the measure of the verb. Which verbs? Ismat.
The student: Command.
The Shaykh : It is an imperative verb. The imperative verb. So, we take the rule: "Every noun that comes in the measure of the verb is prevented from declension, whether this noun is a proper name like Ahmad or a description like Afdal". Now, Ahmad can be converted into a description, so we say: I passed by a man who is Ahmad of so-and-so at al-Na'im. I passed by a man who is Ahmad of so-and-so at al-Na'im. Here, Ahmad is a superlative adjective, meaning more praiseworthy. It is a superlative adjective. Now.
What does the measure refer to? The measure of the verb. So, every noun that comes in the measure of the verb is a noun prevented from declension, whether it is a proper name or a description. Now, if it is a proper name, we say the obstacle to its declension is being a proper name and the measure of the verb. And if it is a description, we say the obstacle to its declension is being a description and the measure of the verb, right? Now, if you name your son Fadaal, Fadaal ibn so-and-so. Is Fadaal here prevented from declension?
The student: It is prevented.
The Shaykh : Why? Because of being a proper name and the measure of the verb. Because of being a proper name and the measure of the verb. If you name your son Iskat. Yes, Iskat.
The student: Being a proper name.
The Shaykh : Yes, you call him and say: Iskat ibn Muhammad. What? What happens? Being a proper name and the measure of the verb. Which verb? The imperative verb. So, whatever is on the measure of the verb is prevented from declension. If it is a proper name, it is because of being a proper name and the measure of the verb. And if it is a description, it is because of being a description and the measure of the verb.
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : Yazid, Yazid ibn Mu'awiyah. Now, is it prevented from declension?
The student: It is prevented from declension.
The Shaykh : What prevents it from declension?
The student: The measure of the verb.
The Shaykh : The measure of the verb, because the noun Yazid is equivalent to the verb Yazid. You say, "This Yazid increases and decreases." Clear? Now, Yashkar is a man's name. Is Yashkar prevented from declension? The obstacles to its declension are being a proper name and the measure of the verb. If it is a proper name, you say being a proper name and the measure of the verb. Now, Afdal. I passed by a man who is Afdal than so-and-so. Afdal.
Ahmad, Ahmad.
The student: It is prevented from declension.
The Shaykh : It is prevented from declension. What is the obstacle to declension? Being a proper name and the measure of the verb, right? Being a proper name and the measure of the verb. Now, Afdal. I passed by a man who is Afdal than so-and-so. Afdal.
The student: It is prevented from declension.
The Shaykh : It is prevented from declension. Yes, Afdal. What is the obstacle for it?
The student: Being a description.
The Shaykh : Being a description, because it is a superlative adjective and a description, not a proper name, and the measure of the verb. Because Afdal is on the measure of Akram, and Akram is a past tense verb. Akram is a past tense verb. Now.
In a place called Ismat. Ismat. This is also on the measure of the verb. Which verbs? Ismat.
The student: Command.
The Shaykh : It is an imperative verb. The imperative verb. So, we take the rule: "Every noun that comes in the measure of the verb is prevented from declension, whether this noun is a proper name like Ahmad or a description like Afdal". Now, Ahmad can be converted into a description, so we say: I passed by a man who is Ahmad of so-and-so at al-Na'im. I passed by a man who is Ahmad of so-and-so at al-Na'im. Here, Ahmad is a superlative adjective, meaning more praiseworthy. It is a superlative adjective. Now.
What does the measure refer to? The measure of the verb. So, every noun that comes in the measure of the verb is a noun prevented from declension, whether it is a proper name or a description. Now, if it is a proper name, we say the obstacle to its declension is being a proper name and the measure of the verb. And if it is a description, we say the obstacle to its declension is being a description and the measure of the verb, right? Now, if you name your son Fadaal, Fadaal ibn so-and-so. Is Fadaal here prevented from declension?
The student: It is prevented.
The Shaykh : Why? Because of being a proper name and the measure of the verb. Because of being a proper name and the measure of the verb. If you name your son Iskat. Yes, Iskat.
The student: Being a proper name.
The Shaykh : Yes, you call him and say: Iskat ibn Muhammad. What? What happens? Being a proper name and the measure of the verb. Which verb? The imperative verb. So, whatever is on the measure of the verb is prevented from declension. If it is a proper name, it is because of being a proper name and the measure of the verb. And if it is a description, it is because of being a description and the measure of the verb.