Explanation of the author's (may Allah have mercy on him) statement: " . . .
Machine translationRead the Arabic original
The Shaykh :"Zala" Here, *zala* with the *th* (thaa) is the *th* with the raised middle, the *th* with the raised middle, the *th* with the raised middle, the one whose middle is raised.
The student: Or a stick?
The Shaykh : Ah?
The student: Or a stick?
The Shaykh : Or a stick? I have not heard of this. The scholars say it is the *th* with the raised middle because the *d* (dhaad) has a short vowel in it, so it is not raised. But this one is raised; it is raised with the *th* with the raised middle[An-Nahl 16:58] to distinguish it from the *d* (dhaad), from the *d* (dhaad), for it is not one of the sisters of *kana*. Good, its example is:
*Zala* Zayd standing. Yes, that is correct.
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : *Zala* the rain falling.
The student: Correct.
The Shaykh : *Zala* the rain falling.
The student: Error
The Shaykh : Ah?
The student: Correct.
Another student: A sentence.
The Shaykh : *Yanzilu* (falling), my brothers, is in the nominative case.
The student: A declarative sentence.
The Shaykh : Ah, because the predicate here is a sentence. Yes, good. It is in the accusative case. Good. As for *dalla* with the *d* (dhaad) of *dalaal* (misguidance), it does not put the subject in the nominative case nor the predicate in the accusative case, but it has only an actor. You say, *Dalla* the man the path of truth. "Zala ba'ta" *Ba'ta* the guard sleeping.
The student: Correct.
Another student: It is not correct.
The Shaykh : He is not a good guard. The point is, *Ba'ta* the guard sleeping, is that correct, or *Ba'ta* the guard a sleeper?
The student: Error
The Shaykh : It is an error. Yes, but if your son came to you and said, "Dad, *ba'ta* the guard a sleeper," I would say, "Good," because the guard made a mistake, so we made a mistake in its grammatical analysis. Yes, yes. Good. In any case, the correct expression is to say, *Ba'ta* the guard sleeping.
The student: Sleeping.
The Shaykh : Like that. And if you wish, the more correct in meaning is also *Ba'ta* the guard awake. Perfect. Good.
"Sara" *Sara* also puts the subject in the nominative case and the predicate in the accusative case. You say, *Sara* the pottery a vessel. *Sara* the pottery a vessel. The pottery is baked clay. *Sara* the clay a pitcher, as the grammarians exemplified. *Sara* the clay a pitcher. *Sara* the crow a pigeon.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : They say that the crow wanted to imitate the pigeon in its walking, so it took a few steps and failed to imitate it. Then it wanted to return to its original walk, but it had lost it. Therefore, it is used as a proverb, and it is said, "It lost its walk and the pigeon's walk" because it did not know the first walk and was unable to imitate the pigeon's walk. Good.
So how do we say? *Sara* the crow a pigeon, *Sara* the crow a pigeon.
The student: Error
The Shaykh : *Sara* the crow a pigeon is an error. Good.
"Laysa" *Laysa* is also one of the sisters of *kana*; it puts the subject in the nominative case and the predicate in the accusative case. Yes, you say:
*Laysa* righteousness that you withhold your kindness from your father. Yes, that is correct. Good. But there is a problem in the Qur'an:[Al-Baqarah 2:177] [Al-Baqarah 2:177] And you say that *kana* puts the subject in the nominative case and the predicate in the accusative case, and here *al-birr* (righteousness) is in the accusative case. The scholars say that the predicate may be placed before the subject. The predicate may be placed before the subject. You may say, *Kana* standing Zayd. Allah the Exalted said, [Ar-Rum 30:47] *Kana* truth. Meaning, the predicate may be placed before. So *Laysa* righteousness that you turn… this is from placing the predicate before. Meaning, *Laysa* your turning your faces… is righteousness. Good. *Laysa* you say, *Laysa* the student neglected.
The student: Correct
The Shaykh : Yes, good. *Laysa* the student neglected.
The student: Error
The Shaykh : *Laysa* the student neglected.
The student: Error
The Shaykh : *Laysa* the student neglected.
The student: Correct
The Shaykh : Correct. Good. He says:
"Wa ma zala" *Ma zala* is also one of the sisters of *kana*. Allah the Exalted said,[Hud 11:118] [Hud 11:118]
*Yazalun*: A present tense verb in the nominative case due to the retention of the noon. The *waw* is the name of *yazal*. We do not say the *waw* is the actor, because *yazal* here is entered upon the subject and the predicate, so the subject is a name for it, and they are different.
The student: Its predicate.
The Shaykh : Its predicate is in the accusative case due to it, and the sign of its accusative case is the *ya* in place of the *fathah*, because it is a sound masculine plural, and the noon is in place of the *tanween* in the singular noun. Good.
*La yazalu* the rain falling. Yes, good. We say:
The rain: Its name.
And falling: Its predicate. Good. And *ma zala*, the author said, "Wa ma zala" meaning it must have *ma* or something that takes the place of *ma* from the tools of negation. *Ma* or something that takes the place of *ma* from the tools of negation. Good.
The student: Or a stick?
The Shaykh : Ah?
The student: Or a stick?
The Shaykh : Or a stick? I have not heard of this. The scholars say it is the *th* with the raised middle because the *d* (dhaad) has a short vowel in it, so it is not raised. But this one is raised; it is raised with the *th* with the raised middle
his face becomes dark
ظل وجهه مسودا*Zala* Zayd standing. Yes, that is correct.
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : *Zala* the rain falling.
The student: Correct.
The Shaykh : *Zala* the rain falling.
The student: Error
The Shaykh : Ah?
The student: Correct.
Another student: A sentence.
The Shaykh : *Yanzilu* (falling), my brothers, is in the nominative case.
The student: A declarative sentence.
The Shaykh : Ah, because the predicate here is a sentence. Yes, good. It is in the accusative case. Good. As for *dalla* with the *d* (dhaad) of *dalaal* (misguidance), it does not put the subject in the nominative case nor the predicate in the accusative case, but it has only an actor. You say, *Dalla* the man the path of truth. "Zala ba'ta" *Ba'ta* the guard sleeping.
The student: Correct.
Another student: It is not correct.
The Shaykh : He is not a good guard. The point is, *Ba'ta* the guard sleeping, is that correct, or *Ba'ta* the guard a sleeper?
The student: Error
The Shaykh : It is an error. Yes, but if your son came to you and said, "Dad, *ba'ta* the guard a sleeper," I would say, "Good," because the guard made a mistake, so we made a mistake in its grammatical analysis. Yes, yes. Good. In any case, the correct expression is to say, *Ba'ta* the guard sleeping.
The student: Sleeping.
The Shaykh : Like that. And if you wish, the more correct in meaning is also *Ba'ta* the guard awake. Perfect. Good.
"Sara" *Sara* also puts the subject in the nominative case and the predicate in the accusative case. You say, *Sara* the pottery a vessel. *Sara* the pottery a vessel. The pottery is baked clay. *Sara* the clay a pitcher, as the grammarians exemplified. *Sara* the clay a pitcher. *Sara* the crow a pigeon.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : They say that the crow wanted to imitate the pigeon in its walking, so it took a few steps and failed to imitate it. Then it wanted to return to its original walk, but it had lost it. Therefore, it is used as a proverb, and it is said, "It lost its walk and the pigeon's walk" because it did not know the first walk and was unable to imitate the pigeon's walk. Good.
So how do we say? *Sara* the crow a pigeon, *Sara* the crow a pigeon.
The student: Error
The Shaykh : *Sara* the crow a pigeon is an error. Good.
"Laysa" *Laysa* is also one of the sisters of *kana*; it puts the subject in the nominative case and the predicate in the accusative case. Yes, you say:
*Laysa* righteousness that you withhold your kindness from your father. Yes, that is correct. Good. But there is a problem in the Qur'an:
Righteousness is not that you
ليس البرَّ أن تولواRighteousness is not that you
ليس البرَّ أن تولواand incumbent upon Us was support of the believers.
وكان حقا علينا نصر المؤمنينThe student: Correct
The Shaykh : Yes, good. *Laysa* the student neglected.
The student: Error
The Shaykh : *Laysa* the student neglected.
The student: Error
The Shaykh : *Laysa* the student neglected.
The student: Correct
The Shaykh : Correct. Good. He says:
"Wa ma zala" *Ma zala* is also one of the sisters of *kana*. Allah the Exalted said,
but they will not cease to differ.
ولا يزالون مختلفينbut they will not cease to differ.
ولا يزالون مختلفين*Yazalun*: A present tense verb in the nominative case due to the retention of the noon. The *waw* is the name of *yazal*. We do not say the *waw* is the actor, because *yazal* here is entered upon the subject and the predicate, so the subject is a name for it, and they are different.
The student: Its predicate.
The Shaykh : Its predicate is in the accusative case due to it, and the sign of its accusative case is the *ya* in place of the *fathah*, because it is a sound masculine plural, and the noon is in place of the *tanween* in the singular noun. Good.
*La yazalu* the rain falling. Yes, good. We say:
The rain: Its name.
And falling: Its predicate. Good. And *ma zala*, the author said, "Wa ma zala" meaning it must have *ma* or something that takes the place of *ma* from the tools of negation. *Ma* or something that takes the place of *ma* from the tools of negation. Good.