Explanation of the author's (may Allah have mercy on him) statement: " . . .
Machine translationRead the Arabic original
The Shaykh : Yes, this indefinite "every name that is common in its genus, not specific to one individual over another" is like "man." "Man" is indefinite because it is common and includes every man. Sun.
The student: Common.
The Shaykh : Common is indefinite, and that is more accurate, because there is no unity in existence except one, but if we suppose a hundred suns, then it is common. Good. House.
The student: Common.
The Shaykh : Common, we did not specify a particular house. Mosque is common, dirham is common, dinar is common, and so on. So every name that is common in its genus and does not indicate a specific thing is what? It is indefinite. It is indefinite. For this reason, you find that the definite indicates a specific thing. This indicates a specific thing by pointing. The one who stood indicates a specific thing by the relative clause, which is the one who stood only. Zayd is specific by the person. It is specific by the pronoun. But the indefinite is common: door, mosque, market, tree, sun, moon, star, and so on.
The author says: "Its approximation is everything that is suitable for the entry of the article (alif and lam) into it, such as the man and the horse". Everything that it is correct to enter the article (alif and lam) into is indefinite, like "man."
The student: The man.
The Shaykh : It is correct to enter the article (alif and lam) into it, you say "the man." For this reason, Ibn Malik said in the definition of the indefinite: "An indefinite is one that accepts the article (al) and is affected by it" "An indefinite is one that accepts the article (al) and is affected by it". This means every name that accepts the article (al) and is affected by the definiteness is indefinite. Good.
So names are divided into two categories: definite and indefinite. What indicates a specific thing is definite, and what indicates a non-specific thing is indefinite. The adjective must follow the noun in definiteness and indefiniteness. If the noun is indefinite, the adjective must be indefinite. If the noun is definite, the adjective must be definite, as you know. And with this, the chapter on the adjective ends.
The student: Common.
The Shaykh : Common is indefinite, and that is more accurate, because there is no unity in existence except one, but if we suppose a hundred suns, then it is common. Good. House.
The student: Common.
The Shaykh : Common, we did not specify a particular house. Mosque is common, dirham is common, dinar is common, and so on. So every name that is common in its genus and does not indicate a specific thing is what? It is indefinite. It is indefinite. For this reason, you find that the definite indicates a specific thing. This indicates a specific thing by pointing. The one who stood indicates a specific thing by the relative clause, which is the one who stood only. Zayd is specific by the person. It is specific by the pronoun. But the indefinite is common: door, mosque, market, tree, sun, moon, star, and so on.
The author says: "Its approximation is everything that is suitable for the entry of the article (alif and lam) into it, such as the man and the horse". Everything that it is correct to enter the article (alif and lam) into is indefinite, like "man."
The student: The man.
The Shaykh : It is correct to enter the article (alif and lam) into it, you say "the man." For this reason, Ibn Malik said in the definition of the indefinite: "An indefinite is one that accepts the article (al) and is affected by it" "An indefinite is one that accepts the article (al) and is affected by it". This means every name that accepts the article (al) and is affected by the definiteness is indefinite. Good.
So names are divided into two categories: definite and indefinite. What indicates a specific thing is definite, and what indicates a non-specific thing is indefinite. The adjective must follow the noun in definiteness and indefiniteness. If the noun is indefinite, the adjective must be indefinite. If the noun is definite, the adjective must be definite, as you know. And with this, the chapter on the adjective ends.