Explanation of the author's (may Allah have mercy on him) statement: "… and it cannot be anything but an indefinite noun, and it cannot occur except after the completion of the speech …"
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The Shaykh : He says: "and it cannot be anything but an indefinite noun", it cannot be anything but an indefinite noun, meaning that the *tamyiz* (specification) cannot be anything but an indefinite noun, and what about the *hal* (circumstantial phrase)?
The student: Indefinite.
The Shaykh : It cannot be anything but an indefinite noun, "and it cannot occur except after the completion of the speech", meaning after the completion of the sentence, and the *hal* (circumstantial phrase) is likewise, it cannot occur except after the completion of the speech, this is the *tamyiz* (specification), okay, if I say: I am reducing so-and-so's rank by a degree, is that right? A degree?
The student: It is *tamyiz* (specification).
The Shaykh : It is *tamyiz* (specification), is so-and-so the most reduced of people?
The student: It is not *tamyiz* (specification).
The Shaykh : Why?
The student: Because it is attached to a possessive.
The Shaykh : Because the name of preference is attached to it, and our discussion is about when the name of preference is not attached to it, okay: Is so-and-so the strongest of people?
The student: It is the object of an addition (mudaf ilayh).
The Shaykh : Is it *tamyiz* (specification)?
The student: No.
The Shaykh : Why?
The student: Attached.
The Shaykh : Because the name of preference is attached to it, is so-and-so the strongest of people in body?
The student: In body: It is *tamyiz* (specification).
The Shaykh : It is *tamyiz* (specification) "in body," because the name of preference was not attached to it, so now, praise be to Allah, the issue is clear, okay, there is also a fifth type that the author did not mention, which is: what indicates fullness, such as His saying (Glorified and Exalted is He): [Ali 'Imran 3:91], so "gold" here is *tamyiz* (specification) because it explained what this fullness is, the fullness of the earth, what is it? Dirt? Trees? A vessel? No, gold, so what comes after "fullness" is what?
The student: A specification (tamyiz).
The Shaykh : It is *tamyiz* (specification), and there are many examples of it in the Qur'an and outside the Qur'an.
The student: Indefinite.
The Shaykh : It cannot be anything but an indefinite noun, "and it cannot occur except after the completion of the speech", meaning after the completion of the sentence, and the *hal* (circumstantial phrase) is likewise, it cannot occur except after the completion of the speech, this is the *tamyiz* (specification), okay, if I say: I am reducing so-and-so's rank by a degree, is that right? A degree?
The student: It is *tamyiz* (specification).
The Shaykh : It is *tamyiz* (specification), is so-and-so the most reduced of people?
The student: It is not *tamyiz* (specification).
The Shaykh : Why?
The student: Because it is attached to a possessive.
The Shaykh : Because the name of preference is attached to it, and our discussion is about when the name of preference is not attached to it, okay: Is so-and-so the strongest of people?
The student: It is the object of an addition (mudaf ilayh).
The Shaykh : Is it *tamyiz* (specification)?
The student: No.
The Shaykh : Why?
The student: Attached.
The Shaykh : Because the name of preference is attached to it, is so-and-so the strongest of people in body?
The student: In body: It is *tamyiz* (specification).
The Shaykh : It is *tamyiz* (specification) "in body," because the name of preference was not attached to it, so now, praise be to Allah, the issue is clear, okay, there is also a fifth type that the author did not mention, which is: what indicates fullness, such as His saying (Glorified and Exalted is He):
If they had the fullness of the earth in gold
لو أن لهم ملءُ الأرض ذهبًاthe [whole] capacity of the earth in gold
ملءُ الأرض ذهبًاThe student: A specification (tamyiz).
The Shaykh : It is *tamyiz* (specification), and there are many examples of it in the Qur'an and outside the Qur'an.