Continuation of the explanation of the author's (may Allah have mercy on him) statement: "
Machine translationRead the Arabic original
The Shaykh : It may be converted from the object, it may be converted from the object, such as His saying, the Exalted: [Al-Qamar 54:12], [Al-Qamar 54:12]. So "ayun" (springs) here is a specification converted from the object, because the estimation is: We caused to gush forth what?
The student: The springs of the earth.
The Shaykh : The springs of the earth, We caused the springs of the earth to gush forth, but the verb was applied to something else and it was made a specification, so it became:[Al-Qamar 54:12]. This is the second type of specification, which is converted from what?
The student: From the object.
The Shaykh : The object, it is converted from the object. The third type: the specification of the number, the specification of the number. He mentioned it, the author indicated it by his saying: "And I bought twenty boys and I owned ninety ewes". I bought twenty boys and I owned ninety ewes. "Boy" is a specification, correct? "Boy" is a specification, a specification for the number, because if you say: I bought twenty only, the mind remains looking for twenty what? Twenty cars, twenty houses, twenty what? So when you say "boy," you clarified what was ambiguous. Okay, the author said: "I owned ninety ewes". Why from twenty to ninety? Because twenty is the beginning and ninety is the end, and what is between them is like them: thirty, forty, fifty, sixty, seventy, eighty, here? So this is what we call specification of what?
The student: The number.
The Shaykh : Specification of the number, twenty and its sisters, meaning the specification of twenty and its sisters. What are its sisters?
The student: Thirty.
The Shaykh : Thirty, forty, fifty, sixty, seventy, eighty, ninety. These are not among its sisters, it is itself a sister to it, or are they sisters of twenty?
The student: Sisters of twenty.
The Shaykh : Sisters of twenty, okay. So the number from twenty to ninety, okay, the rest, the other number!! The other number, if it is compound, its specification is also in the accusative case, if it is compound, its specification is in the accusative case, from eleven to nineteen. Are you with me or are you distracted?
The student: I am with you.
The Shaykh : If the number is compound, its specification is also in the accusative case, eleven men, nineteen men, eleven women, nineteen women. Is that clear, everyone?
The student: Complete.
The Shaykh : Okay, take twenty and its sisters and the compound number, okay, what about the rest? What about the rest, its specification is in the genitive case, what about the rest, its specification is in the genitive case, nine, three, the specification is in the genitive case, what falls into this category, you say: three men, nine men, ten men, correct? Yes, ten men, a hundred men, a thousand men, a million men, a billion men, yes, to the known numbers, what is their specification?
The student: Genitive.
The Shaykh : In the genitive case, so the specification of the number now, twenty and its sisters, here?
The student: In the genitive case!
The Shaykh : Twenty and its sisters?!!!
The student: In the genitive case.
The Shaykh : May Allah grant us well-being, we are teaching!!! Twenty and its sisters?
The student: In the accusative case.
The Shaykh : Do we agree?
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : Okay, the compound one?
The student: In the accusative case.
The Shaykh : In the accusative case?
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : The compound one is in the accusative case?
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : Eleven men?
The student: Accusative.
The Shaykh : Good, okay, what about everything else?
The student: In the genitive case.
The Shaykh : In the genitive case, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve, thirteen.
The student: No, no.
The Shaykh : Here? Up to ten, this is in the genitive case, a hundred?
The student: Genitive.
The Shaykh : A thousand?
The student: Genitive.
The Shaykh : Okay, in the Noble Qur'an[An-Naml 27:48], [Yusuf 12:4], here they are in the accusative case, [Sad 38:23], all of it is in the Qur'an, [Al-Kahf 18:25] but these were not added, these were not added, they say: it was cut off from the addition. Okay, so the specification of the number is in the accusative case, but not every number has its specification in the accusative case, rather the compound number, here, and twenty and its sisters, is that right, Abd al-Rahman? Here? Here? What?
The student: It is permissible.
The Shaykh : Correct, did you understand, good?
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : Okay, specify thirteen, specify it, specify it, I didn't tell you whether it is in the accusative or the genitive!!
The student: It is in the genitive case.
The Shaykh : Specify it for us, give us an example.
The student: Thirteen?
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: In the house there are thirteen men
The Shaykh : Men? Here? Or men (genitive)?
The student: Men (accusative).
The Shaykh : Are you sure? Here?
The student: I am sure.
The Shaykh : I am asking you, men (accusative) or men (genitive)?
The student: Men (accusative).
The Shaykh : Are you sure?
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : Do you agree with this?
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : Okay, specify, Adam: forty.
The student: Forty men.
The Shaykh : What is the matter with them?
The student: Accusative.
The Shaykh : What is the matter with them? You said: forty men and you did not say: they came?
The student: They came, hurry, I saw forty
The Shaykh : No, this has a language variant "The locusts ate them"
The student: I saw forty men.
The Shaykh : Stick to the first one! Meaning the first one has a language variant: forty men came, okay, in any case we say: men (accusative), Adam, is it permissible to say men (genitive) or is it not permissible?
The student: No, it is not permissible, because it is among the ones in the accusative case
The Shaykh : Okay, okay, it is not permissible to put it in the genitive case because it is in the accusative case, okay, how many types have we mentioned now?
The student: Three.
The Shaykh : Converted from the subject, converted from the object, specification of the number, okay, the specification of the number, you know it is two types: genitive and accusative. The fourth, he said: "And Zayd is more honorable than you in father and more beautiful than you in face". Zayd is more honorable than you in father, "father" is a specification in the accusative case by the visible fathah, and why did we not put it in the accusative case with alif instead of fathah? What condition of the five names was disrupted?
The student: The addition.
The Shaykh : The addition, it is not added. Okay, more honorable than you in father, we say: Zayd: subject in the nominative case by the beginning, and its sign of nominative is the visible dammah on its end. More honorable: predicate of the subject in the nominative case by the subject, predicate of the subject in the nominative case by the subject, and its sign of nominative is the visible dammah on its end. Than you: preposition and noun in the genitive case. Father: specification in the accusative case for specification, and its sign of accusative is the visible fathah on its end. But what do we say about this type? We say: what comes after the name of preference, and the name of preference is not added to it, what comes after the name of preference and the name of preference is not added to it, are you with me, brothers?
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : Okay, Zayd is more honorable than you in father, Zayd is more beautiful than you in face, "face" how do we parse it?
The student: A specification (tamyiz).
The Shaykh : Okay, Allah the Exalted said:[Al-Kahf 18:34], [Al-Kahf 18:34]. "Mal" (wealth) is a specification that occurred after the name of preference, "Nafar" (group) is also a specification, because the name occurred after the name of preference, is that right or not? Okay, [Fussilat 41:15] "Quwwah" (strength) is also a specification, why? Because it occurred after the name of preference and the name of preference was not added to it. If it is added to the name of preference, then it does not become a specification, like: So-and-so is the most honorable of people, we do not say "people" is a specification, because the name of preference is what?
The student: It is attached.
The Shaykh : Added to it, and we only say: what occurs after the name of preference and the name of preference is not added to it, what occurs after the name of preference and the name of preference is not added to it, how many types are these?
The student: Four.
The Shaykh : Four, all of which the author (may Allah have mercy on him) mentioned, except the one converted from the object, which he did not mention, but it resembles the one converted from the subject, clear? Okay.
And caused the earth to burst with springs
وفجّرنا الأرض عيونًاAnd caused the earth to burst with springs
وفجرنا الأرض عيونًاThe student: The springs of the earth.
The Shaykh : The springs of the earth, We caused the springs of the earth to gush forth, but the verb was applied to something else and it was made a specification, so it became:
And caused the earth to burst with springs
وفجّرنا الأرض عيونًاThe student: From the object.
The Shaykh : The object, it is converted from the object. The third type: the specification of the number, the specification of the number. He mentioned it, the author indicated it by his saying: "And I bought twenty boys and I owned ninety ewes". I bought twenty boys and I owned ninety ewes. "Boy" is a specification, correct? "Boy" is a specification, a specification for the number, because if you say: I bought twenty only, the mind remains looking for twenty what? Twenty cars, twenty houses, twenty what? So when you say "boy," you clarified what was ambiguous. Okay, the author said: "I owned ninety ewes". Why from twenty to ninety? Because twenty is the beginning and ninety is the end, and what is between them is like them: thirty, forty, fifty, sixty, seventy, eighty, here? So this is what we call specification of what?
The student: The number.
The Shaykh : Specification of the number, twenty and its sisters, meaning the specification of twenty and its sisters. What are its sisters?
The student: Thirty.
The Shaykh : Thirty, forty, fifty, sixty, seventy, eighty, ninety. These are not among its sisters, it is itself a sister to it, or are they sisters of twenty?
The student: Sisters of twenty.
The Shaykh : Sisters of twenty, okay. So the number from twenty to ninety, okay, the rest, the other number!! The other number, if it is compound, its specification is also in the accusative case, if it is compound, its specification is in the accusative case, from eleven to nineteen. Are you with me or are you distracted?
The student: I am with you.
The Shaykh : If the number is compound, its specification is also in the accusative case, eleven men, nineteen men, eleven women, nineteen women. Is that clear, everyone?
The student: Complete.
The Shaykh : Okay, take twenty and its sisters and the compound number, okay, what about the rest? What about the rest, its specification is in the genitive case, what about the rest, its specification is in the genitive case, nine, three, the specification is in the genitive case, what falls into this category, you say: three men, nine men, ten men, correct? Yes, ten men, a hundred men, a thousand men, a million men, a billion men, yes, to the known numbers, what is their specification?
The student: Genitive.
The Shaykh : In the genitive case, so the specification of the number now, twenty and its sisters, here?
The student: In the genitive case!
The Shaykh : Twenty and its sisters?!!!
The student: In the genitive case.
The Shaykh : May Allah grant us well-being, we are teaching!!! Twenty and its sisters?
The student: In the accusative case.
The Shaykh : Do we agree?
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : Okay, the compound one?
The student: In the accusative case.
The Shaykh : In the accusative case?
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : The compound one is in the accusative case?
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : Eleven men?
The student: Accusative.
The Shaykh : Good, okay, what about everything else?
The student: In the genitive case.
The Shaykh : In the genitive case, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve, thirteen.
The student: No, no.
The Shaykh : Here? Up to ten, this is in the genitive case, a hundred?
The student: Genitive.
The Shaykh : A thousand?
The student: Genitive.
The Shaykh : Okay, in the Noble Qur'an
And there were in the city nine family heads causing corruption in the land
وكان في المدينة تسعة رهطِ يفسدون في الأرضindeed I have seen [in a dream] eleven stars
إني رأيت أحدَ عشرَ كوكبًاIndeed this, my brother, has ninety-nine ewes
إنَّ هذا أخي له تسعٌ وتسعونَ نعجةًAnd they remained in their cave for three hundred years
ولبثوا في كهفهم ثلاثَ مائةٍ سنينThe student: It is permissible.
The Shaykh : Correct, did you understand, good?
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : Okay, specify thirteen, specify it, specify it, I didn't tell you whether it is in the accusative or the genitive!!
The student: It is in the genitive case.
The Shaykh : Specify it for us, give us an example.
The student: Thirteen?
The Shaykh : Yes.
The student: In the house there are thirteen men
The Shaykh : Men? Here? Or men (genitive)?
The student: Men (accusative).
The Shaykh : Are you sure? Here?
The student: I am sure.
The Shaykh : I am asking you, men (accusative) or men (genitive)?
The student: Men (accusative).
The Shaykh : Are you sure?
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : Do you agree with this?
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : Okay, specify, Adam: forty.
The student: Forty men.
The Shaykh : What is the matter with them?
The student: Accusative.
The Shaykh : What is the matter with them? You said: forty men and you did not say: they came?
The student: They came, hurry, I saw forty
The Shaykh : No, this has a language variant "The locusts ate them"
The student: I saw forty men.
The Shaykh : Stick to the first one! Meaning the first one has a language variant: forty men came, okay, in any case we say: men (accusative), Adam, is it permissible to say men (genitive) or is it not permissible?
The student: No, it is not permissible, because it is among the ones in the accusative case
The Shaykh : Okay, okay, it is not permissible to put it in the genitive case because it is in the accusative case, okay, how many types have we mentioned now?
The student: Three.
The Shaykh : Converted from the subject, converted from the object, specification of the number, okay, the specification of the number, you know it is two types: genitive and accusative. The fourth, he said: "And Zayd is more honorable than you in father and more beautiful than you in face". Zayd is more honorable than you in father, "father" is a specification in the accusative case by the visible fathah, and why did we not put it in the accusative case with alif instead of fathah? What condition of the five names was disrupted?
The student: The addition.
The Shaykh : The addition, it is not added. Okay, more honorable than you in father, we say: Zayd: subject in the nominative case by the beginning, and its sign of nominative is the visible dammah on its end. More honorable: predicate of the subject in the nominative case by the subject, predicate of the subject in the nominative case by the subject, and its sign of nominative is the visible dammah on its end. Than you: preposition and noun in the genitive case. Father: specification in the accusative case for specification, and its sign of accusative is the visible fathah on its end. But what do we say about this type? We say: what comes after the name of preference, and the name of preference is not added to it, what comes after the name of preference and the name of preference is not added to it, are you with me, brothers?
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : Okay, Zayd is more honorable than you in father, Zayd is more beautiful than you in face, "face" how do we parse it?
The student: A specification (tamyiz).
The Shaykh : Okay, Allah the Exalted said:
I am greater than you in wealth and mightier in [numbers of] men."
إن ترن أنا أكثرُ منك مالا وأعزّ نفرًاI am greater than you in wealth
أنا أكثر منك مالًاand better in following
وأعزّ نفرًاand said, "Who is greater than us in strength?" Did they not consider that Allah who created them was greater than them in strength?
وقالوا من أشدُّ منّا قوّة أو لم يروا أن الله الذي خلقهم هو أشدُّ منهم قوّةًThe student: It is attached.
The Shaykh : Added to it, and we only say: what occurs after the name of preference and the name of preference is not added to it, what occurs after the name of preference and the name of preference is not added to it, how many types are these?
The student: Four.
The Shaykh : Four, all of which the author (may Allah have mercy on him) mentioned, except the one converted from the object, which he did not mention, but it resembles the one converted from the subject, clear? Okay.