Explanation of the author's (may Allah have mercy on him) statement: " . . .
Machine translationRead the Arabic original
The Shaykh : He says: "And they are: the object - this is one -, the verbal noun, the adverb of time, the adverb of place, the state, the qualifier, the exception, the name of *la*, the vocative, the object for the sake of which, the object with which, the predicate of *kana* and its sisters, the name of *inna* and its sisters, and the dependent on the accusative". Do we count the dependent on the accusative as one or as four?
The student: Four.
The Shaykh : No, we count it as one, because if we counted it as four, it would become eighteen. But we count it as one; if we count it as one, it becomes fourteen.
The student: Fifteen!
The Shaykh : No, fourteen. Fourteen. It appears that we are like in a livestock market. Fourteen, fifteen. Let us count them again: the object, the verbal noun, the adverb of time, the adverb of place, the state. How many is that?
The student: Five.
The Shaykh : Good, and the qualifier, the exception, the name of *la*, the vocative, the object for the sake of which. How many are these?
The student: Ten.
The Shaykh : Ten, and the object with which, the predicate of *kana* and its sisters, the name of *inna* and its sisters, and the dependent on the accusative. How many are these?
The student: Fourteen.
Another student: How does he say it?!
The Shaykh : He forgot one, God knows best. The two objects of *dhan* (to think) and its sisters. Is it not among the accusatives?
The student : Yes
The Shaykh : Huh?
The student: It is from the chapter of nominatives.
The Shaykh : No, this is from the chapter of accusatives.
The student: It is from the chapter of factors.
The Shaykh : Which factors? The factors that enter upon the subject and the predicate. Good. So the author (may Allah have mercy on him) forgot. Yes, he forgot. The two objects of *dhan* and its sisters remain. The two objects of *dhan* and its sisters remain. Perhaps the author overlooked them. Good. Yes?
The student: The two objects of *dhan* are two?
The Shaykh : No, it is considered one, because the factor is one. Good. Do we know now how many accusatives there are?
The student: Fifteen.
The Shaykh : Fifteen types. Fifteen types. It is not possible to increase them and it is not possible to decrease them; it is a definitive limit. And if someone asks: What is the evidence for this limit? The answer is what we mentioned previously: it is tracking and induction. Because the linguists (may Allah have mercy on them and reward them with good) tracked the language until one of them would travel to the desert to receive the Bedouins and ask them, until they formed the Arabic language and preserved it, and praise be to Allah. The author mentioned it in a general way, then mentioned it in a detailed way, because this method of composition is one of the methods of the Qur'an.: This is general. [Al-An'am 6:143], [Al-An'am 6:144]. And so in the Qur'an, a thing comes in a general form, then it comes in a detailed form. And so in the Sunnah: Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1595Sahih (Darussalam) Then it is detailed. So generalization first, then detailing second, is one of the methods of composition that is beneficial to the addressee. Because when a person receives something in a general form and memorizes it, he becomes eager and looking forward to what? To the detail. So the detail returns to a soul that is receptive and eager, and this makes it more effective in its retention. The author began with the detail.
The student: Four.
The Shaykh : No, we count it as one, because if we counted it as four, it would become eighteen. But we count it as one; if we count it as one, it becomes fourteen.
The student: Fifteen!
The Shaykh : No, fourteen. Fourteen. It appears that we are like in a livestock market. Fourteen, fifteen. Let us count them again: the object, the verbal noun, the adverb of time, the adverb of place, the state. How many is that?
The student: Five.
The Shaykh : Good, and the qualifier, the exception, the name of *la*, the vocative, the object for the sake of which. How many are these?
The student: Ten.
The Shaykh : Ten, and the object with which, the predicate of *kana* and its sisters, the name of *inna* and its sisters, and the dependent on the accusative. How many are these?
The student: Fourteen.
Another student: How does he say it?!
The Shaykh : He forgot one, God knows best. The two objects of *dhan* (to think) and its sisters. Is it not among the accusatives?
The student : Yes
The Shaykh : Huh?
The student: It is from the chapter of nominatives.
The Shaykh : No, this is from the chapter of accusatives.
The student: It is from the chapter of factors.
The Shaykh : Which factors? The factors that enter upon the subject and the predicate. Good. So the author (may Allah have mercy on him) forgot. Yes, he forgot. The two objects of *dhan* and its sisters remain. The two objects of *dhan* and its sisters remain. Perhaps the author overlooked them. Good. Yes?
The student: The two objects of *dhan* are two?
The Shaykh : No, it is considered one, because the factor is one. Good. Do we know now how many accusatives there are?
The student: Fifteen.
The Shaykh : Fifteen types. Fifteen types. It is not possible to increase them and it is not possible to decrease them; it is a definitive limit. And if someone asks: What is the evidence for this limit? The answer is what we mentioned previously: it is tracking and induction. Because the linguists (may Allah have mercy on them and reward them with good) tracked the language until one of them would travel to the desert to receive the Bedouins and ask them, until they formed the Arabic language and preserved it, and praise be to Allah. The author mentioned it in a general way, then mentioned it in a detailed way, because this method of composition is one of the methods of the Qur'an.