Prostration for forgetfulness before and after the closing salam

Question:
From the audience of the Sultanate of Oman, the listener Ali Hamud Sa'id al-Badi sent a message containing a number of questions. In one of them, he says: If I forget something in a prayer, I know that it is obligatory for me to perform the prostration for forgetfulness. When should I perform it? Please give us a ruling, and may you be rewarded.

Answer:
This requires detailed explanation: If you forget in the number of units, you must build upon certainty, and the prostration is performed before the closing salam, two prostrations before you say the salam. If you doubt whether you prayed two or three units, you consider it two and complete the prayer. Or if you forget whether you prayed three or four units in the night prayer, the midday prayer, or the afternoon prayer, you consider it three and build upon certainty, then you perform the fourth unit. When you complete your prayer, you prostrate for forgetfulness, two prostrations before you say the salam. However, if the forgetfulness is of another type, such as forgetting the first sitting for the testification and standing up for the third unit without sitting for the first testification, or forgetting to say "Glory be to my Lord, the Most High" in prostration, or forgetting to say "Glory be to my Lord, the Most Great" in bowing, or forgetting some of the takbirs other than the takbir of ihram, whether you are praying alone or as an imam, you prostrate for forgetfulness before the closing salam, two prostrations. This is because the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), when he left out the first testification in some of his prayers, prostrated for forgetfulness before saying the salam, two prostrations, may Allah's prayers and blessings be upon him.
There are other types of forgetfulness with their own rulings, such as: if one adds a unit, he must return if he becomes aware or is reminded. If he does not return, his prayer is invalid because he added intentionally. If he is reminded and does not return, and two or more people remind him and he does not return, his prayer is invalid unless he is certain of his own correctness and believes they are mistaken. If he is certain of his own correctness and that the one reminding him is mistaken, there is no blame on him; he completes the prayer. Those who believe it is an extra unit sit down and do not follow him; they have their belief, and he has his. If they believe he stood up for a fifth unit in the midday, afternoon, or night prayer, they sit down. Or if he stood up for a fourth unit in the sunset prayer, or a third unit in the dawn prayer or Friday prayer, they sit down and do not follow him. When he says the salam, they say the salam with him afterwards.
As for if he was in a state of forgetfulness, and when he was reminded he became aware and returned, he performs the testification. When he finishes the testification, he prostrates two prostrations for forgetfulness before the closing salam, or after it, and before it is better. By this, his prayer is completed with this prostration, and the prayer is made up by this prostration. This is because the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said in some hadiths: .
The point is: if he prayed a complete prayer, he is rewarded for the prostration for forgetfulness, and it is a humiliation for Satan. If there was a deficiency, it serves as a compensation. Yes.
There is another type, which is to say the salam while short of the required number, such as saying the salam after three units in the midday, afternoon, or night prayer, or saying the salam after two units in the sunset prayer, or after one unit in the dawn prayer, and then being reminded. In this case, he stands up and completes the prayer. When he completes it, he says the salam, then prostrates for forgetfulness afterwards. The prostration for forgetfulness is performed after the salam if he said the salam while short, was reminded or became aware, then stood up and completed the prayer. It is better for the prostration to be after the closing salam. This is because the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), when he forgot in his prayer and said the salam while short, and was reminded, completed his prayer, said the salam, then prostrated the prostration for forgetfulness, may Allah's prayers and blessings be upon him. This is the better option in this situation, that the prostration be after the closing salam. If he prostrated before the closing salam, it suffices. That is, if he seeks to follow the action of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and prostrates as he prostrated after the closing salam, this is the better option. Yes.