The ruling on one who swears to a person to do something and then does not do it
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The questioner says: My brothers, when I swear to them to do something or leave it, they do not carry it out. Do I owe an expiation? And what is the expiation for an oath? Some people say: One hundred riyals is sufficient for the oath. Is this correct?
Answer: If you swore to them and they did not fulfill your oath, you owe the expiation, which is mentioned in the saying of Allah (Exalted and Majestic is He): [Al-Ma'idah: 89].
And the expiation, as Allah (Exalted and Majestic is He) said, is feeding ten poor people. It is not in dirhams; it is feeding ten poor people, each poor person receiving half a sa' (a dry measure of about 3 kg), or you feed them dinner or breakfast, or freeing a slave, or clothing, where each person is given a shirt or an izar (lower garment) and a rida' (upper garment), which is the prescribed clothing. So if one is unable to do all of this, he must fast three days, and it is better for them to be consecutive; this is the best, fasting three consecutive days, if one is unable to provide clothing, food, or freeing a slave.
Answer: If you swore to them and they did not fulfill your oath, you owe the expiation, which is mentioned in the saying of Allah (Exalted and Majestic is He):
but He will impose blame upon you for [breaking] what you intended of oaths. So its expiation is the feeding of ten needy people from the average of that which you feed your [own] families or clothing them or the freeing of a slave. But whoever cannot find [or afford it] - then a fast of three days
وَلَكِنْ يُؤَاخِذُكُمْ بِمَا عَقَّدْتُمُ الأَيْمَانَ فَكَفَّارَتُهُ إِطْعَامُ عَشَرَةِ مَسَاكِينَ مِنْ أَوْسَطِ مَا تُطْعِمُونَ أَهْلِيكُمْ أَوْ كِسْوَتُهُمْ أَوْ تَحْرِيرُ رَقَبَةٍ فَمَنْ لَمْ يَجِدْ فَصِيَامُ ثَلاثَةِ أَيَّامٍAnd the expiation, as Allah (Exalted and Majestic is He) said, is feeding ten poor people. It is not in dirhams; it is feeding ten poor people, each poor person receiving half a sa' (a dry measure of about 3 kg), or you feed them dinner or breakfast, or freeing a slave, or clothing, where each person is given a shirt or an izar (lower garment) and a rida' (upper garment), which is the prescribed clothing. So if one is unable to do all of this, he must fast three days, and it is better for them to be consecutive; this is the best, fasting three consecutive days, if one is unable to provide clothing, food, or freeing a slave.
Source
binbaz.org.sa
The Arabic text is copied verbatim from the original source, without any edits.