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﴿ فَاسْأَلُوا أَهْلَ الذِّكْرِ إِن كُنتُمْ لَا تَعْلَمُونَ ﴾

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What is the ruling on the adhan?

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The third questioner says: I live in one of the villages in the Kingdom, and praise be to Allah, I am diligent in performing the prayers in the mosque. After I arrived in this region of the Kingdom, which is al-Lusayb in al-Qasim, I went to the mosque to perform the prayer. After I had sat in the mosque for a while, one of the citizens asked me to give the adhan because there was no mu'adhdhin in the mosque. I immediately stood up and gave the adhan, and I continued to give the adhan whenever the mu'adhdhin did not attend. One day, I gave the adhan for the 'Isha' prayer, and the imam arrived and asked, "Who gave the adhan?" I said, "I did." He said, "We do not want anyone to give the adhan." From that day on, I did not give the adhan, even if I was asked to, knowing that I am educated, praise be to Allah, and I have no doubt in my performance of the adhan. I ask you to inform me, because this imam deprived me of a great reward, knowing that I do not take anything in return for this adhan. What is the virtue of the adhan, and what is the ruling regarding this imam in my case?
Answer: The adhan is a collective obligation (fard kifayah), and it is obligatory for the people of the mosque that one of them gives the adhan if there is no mu'adhdhin appointed by the Ministry of Awqaf. It is obligatory that one of them gives the adhan, and if one of them gives it, that suffices, because it is a collective obligation. He also gives the iqamah, so the iqamah and the adhan are collective obligations; if one of them performs them, that suffices. As for their leaving the mosque without an adhan, this is not permissible, except if there is another mosque nearby whose adhan is sufficient because it covers the area, meaning the mu'adhdhin nearby covers the neighbors of this mosque and they hear him. In this case, it may be said that it suffices, but one of them must give the iqamah, whether the imam or someone else, for the prayer. In any case, it is not befitting to leave off the adhan; rather, it is befitting for the mosque to have the adhan given by one of the congregation. If the questioner is volunteering to do this and giving the adhan, it is not befitting for the imam or anyone else to prevent him from doing so, unless they find someone to take his place. If they find someone to take his place, they may consider that matter. The imam considers that matter with his congregation, and they appoint someone who achieves the objective of performing this obligation. As for them abolishing the adhan entirely, this is not permissible, and they sin by doing so. It is obligatory that one of them gives the adhan, gives the iqamah, and beautifies the adhan. If none of them is able to do so, they should allow this questioner, this volunteer, and may Allah reward him with good. They must allow him to give the adhan, or they must perform the adhan themselves. As for leaving the mosque without an adhan, this is not permissible. Yes.
Source binbaz.org.sa

The Arabic text is copied verbatim from the original source, without any edits.

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