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﴿ فَاسْأَلُوا أَهْلَ الذِّكْرِ إِن كُنتُمْ لَا تَعْلَمُونَ ﴾

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The wisdom behind reciting aloud or quietly in prayer

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The questioner: He also asks: What is the wisdom behind the fact that the Fajr, Maghrib, and Isha' prayers are recited aloud, while the Zuhr and Asr prayers are recited quietly, meaning: in secret? May Allah guide you and bless your efforts in serving the Muslims?
The Shaykh: As far as we know, there is no text specifying the wisdom behind this. I say: As far as we know, there is no text specifying the wisdom, except that some scholars have mentioned something regarding this. They said that Zuhr and Asr occur during the day at a time of work, when people are occupied with their tasks. Therefore, it is appropriate for them to be quiet so that each person can focus on his prayer and occupy himself with his recitation between himself and his soul, so that he is not distracted by anything else. This is unlike the case if the imam recites aloud; in that case, one might listen to him, but one's thoughts and illusions may drift to other things. So, if one focuses on his prayer and occupies himself with his recitation, it is closer to gathering his heart for the prayer. As for the night, the general rule is that distractions end and decrease. Likewise, in Fajr, after rising from sleep, one has not yet begun with the concerns of worldly affairs, so his heart is empty and present to listen to the imam's recitation and benefit from it by listening to him. Thus, the night is a time of little work and of the heart coordinating with the tongue to benefit and listen to the imam's recitation and reflect on what he hears. This is closer to listening, benefiting, and reflecting. This is unlike the day, when one is occupied and has worldly concerns that distract him from listening and paying attention. So, Allah prescribed for him to occupy himself with his own recitation so that his whispers do not lead him to other things. This is what has been said regarding this, and Allah, the Exalted and Glorified, knows best.
Source binbaz.org.sa

The Arabic text is copied verbatim from the original source, without any edits.

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