The Ruling on the Obligatory Prayer Behind a Voluntary Prayer and the Ruling on a Child Leading Prayer
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السؤال:
The first message in this episode was sent to the program from Jubail, from listener (A. M. Abu Mustafa). Our brother asks and says: In the Maliki school of jurisprudence and in the book Fath al-Bari on Sahih al-Bukhari, it is stated: It is not permissible for a child to lead prayer except for one of his own age, and likewise, it is not permissible to pray behind one who is performing a voluntary prayer or one who has joined the prayer late. What is the ruling on this, and what is your guidance regarding what has been mentioned? May Allah reward you with good.
Answer:
In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. Praise be to Allah, and may Allah send blessings and peace upon the Messenger of Allah, and upon his family and his Companions, and upon those who follow his guidance. As for what follows.
Authentic hadiths have been narrated from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) that children are commanded to pray when they reach seven years of age, and they are to be struck for it when they reach ten. It is also established from him (peace and blessings be upon him) that This indicates that there is no harm in the one who has an obligatory prayer praying behind the one who is performing a voluntary prayer. It is also established from Mu'adh (may Allah be pleased with him) : And in Sahih al-Bukhari, from Amr ibn Salama al-Jarmi (may Allah be pleased with him) : acting in accordance with his saying (peace and blessings be upon him): Sunan an-Nasa'i 636Sahih (Darussalam).
And Amr was the most knowledgeable of them in the Qur'an, so he used to lead them in prayer. This indicates that there is no harm in a child leading adults in prayer if he is seven years old or older, if he understands the prayer, and if he knows more of the Qur'an than those behind him, based on his saying (peace and blessings be upon him):Sahih Muslim 673a And in another wording: And in the hadith from Amr ibn Salama from his father, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: .
The point is: If a child knows more of the Qur'an than the others, understands the prayer, and performs it as it should be, then there is no harm in him leading adults in prayer, based on this authentic hadith regarding the story of Amr ibn Salama, and the generality of his saying (peace and blessings be upon him):Sunan Ibn Majah 980Sahih (Darussalam) the hadith. Yes.
The presenter : May Allah reward you with good, and may He do you good.
The first message in this episode was sent to the program from Jubail, from listener (A. M. Abu Mustafa). Our brother asks and says: In the Maliki school of jurisprudence and in the book Fath al-Bari on Sahih al-Bukhari, it is stated: It is not permissible for a child to lead prayer except for one of his own age, and likewise, it is not permissible to pray behind one who is performing a voluntary prayer or one who has joined the prayer late. What is the ruling on this, and what is your guidance regarding what has been mentioned? May Allah reward you with good.
Answer:
In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. Praise be to Allah, and may Allah send blessings and peace upon the Messenger of Allah, and upon his family and his Companions, and upon those who follow his guidance. As for what follows.
Authentic hadiths have been narrated from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) that children are commanded to pray when they reach seven years of age, and they are to be struck for it when they reach ten. It is also established from him (peace and blessings be upon him) that
He led the people (peace and blessings be upon him) in the prayer of fear for two rak'ahs, which was his obligatory prayer, and the obligatory prayer of all of them, and the obligatory prayer of those behind him. And he led the other group in two rak'ahs, which was a voluntary prayer for him, and an obligatory prayer for them.
صلى بالناس -عليه الصلاة والسلام- صلاة الخوف ركعتين، فرضه، وفرض الجميع، وفرض من خلفه، وصلى بالطائفة الأخرى ركعتين، نافلة له، وهي لهم فريضةThat he used to pray the 'Isha' prayer with the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) as his obligatory prayer, then he would return to his people and pray that prayer with them, so it was a voluntary prayer for him, and an obligatory prayer for them.
أنه كان يصلي مع النبي ﷺ صلاة العشاء فرضه، ثم يرجع إلى قومه فيصلي بهم تلك الصلاة، فهي له نافلة، ولهم فرضThat he used to lead his group in prayer while he was seven years old, because he was the most knowledgeable of them in the Qur'an.
أنه كان يؤم جماعته وهو ابن سبع سنين؛ لأنه كان أكثرهم قرآنًاWhen the time for prayer comes let one of you call the Adhan and let the one who knows the most Qur'an lead the prayer.
إذا حضرت الصلاة فليؤذن لكم أحدكم وليؤمكم أكثركم قرآنًاAnd Amr was the most knowledgeable of them in the Qur'an, so he used to lead them in prayer. This indicates that there is no harm in a child leading adults in prayer if he is seven years old or older, if he understands the prayer, and if he knows more of the Qur'an than those behind him, based on his saying (peace and blessings be upon him):
The one who is most versed in Allah's Book should act as Imam for the people, but If they are equally versed in reciting it, then the one who has most knowledge regarding Sunnah if they are equal regarding the Sunnah, then the earliest one to emigrate; it they emigrated at the same time, then the earliest one to embrace Islam.
يؤم القوم أقرؤهم لكتاب الله، فإن كانوا في القراءة سواء فأعلمهم بالسنة، فإن كانوا في السنة سواء فأقدمهم هجرة، فإن كانوا في الهجرة سواء، فأقدمهم إسلامًاThe one who is oldest in age.
فأكبرهم سنًاWhen the prayer is established, let the one among you who knows the most of the Qur'an lead you in prayer.
إذا حضرت الصلاة فليؤمكم أكثركم قرآنًاThe point is: If a child knows more of the Qur'an than the others, understands the prayer, and performs it as it should be, then there is no harm in him leading adults in prayer, based on this authentic hadith regarding the story of Amr ibn Salama, and the generality of his saying (peace and blessings be upon him):
The people should be lead by the one who is most well-Versed in recitation of the Book of Allah
يؤم القوم أقرؤهم لكتاب اللهThe presenter : May Allah reward you with good, and may He do you good.
Source
binbaz.org.sa
The Arabic text is copied verbatim from the original source, without any edits.