Ruling on the statement that the Qur'an is the speech of Allah, ancient in its kind but new in its instances
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Question:
The questioner says: We have heard people say that the Qur'an is the speech of Allah, ancient in its kind but new in its instances. What does this mean?
Answer:
The speech of Allah is among His attributes, (Exalted and Majestic is He), such as His anger, His pleasure, His mercy, and His knowledge. It is not created; rather, Allah with His attributes is the Creator, and everything other than Him is created.
His speech, (Exalted and Majestic is He), is ancient in its kind; He has never ceased to be a Speaker , but it is new in its types. So His speech to Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) is not the same as His speech to Moses, after Moses, and so on is His speech to people on the Day of Resurrection, and His speech to the people of Paradise: This is new speech after they entered Paradise, and it is not ancient.
So the attributes of Allah, (Exalted and Majestic is He), are ancient in their kind and new in their instances. Likewise, His anger with the people of Lut came after His anger with the people of Nuh, the people of 'Ad, and the people of Thamud; it was a new, different anger, not the same as His anger with those earlier groups. And His anger with Pharaoh and his group came after His anger with the people of Hud, the people of Salih, the people of Lut, and the people of Shu'ayb. And so on is His anger with Quraysh and the great slaughter that befell them on the Day of Badr. All of this was due to their disbelief, their misguidance, and the anger of Allah upon them. And so on is His anger with whoever disobeys Him up to this day. Whoever disobeys Him and contradicts His command, He becomes angry with him, as the Exalted said: [An-Nisa: 93]. So sins necessitate the anger of Allah, and obedience necessitates His pleasure, as a favor from Him, (Glorified and Exalted is He).
The kind of speech is ancient, the kind of pleasure is ancient, the kind of anger is ancient. Our Lord has never ceased to be a Speaker, becoming angry with whoever disobeys Him, being pleased with whoever obeys Him, showing mercy to whom He wills, and punishing whom He wills. But these attributes are renewed. So His anger with Pharaoh came after His anger with the people of Nuh, the people of Hud, and the people of Salih, and so on. And His anger with those who committed shirk (associating partners with Allah) and disbelief among the Jews and Christians came after that. And His anger with the disbelievers of Quraysh and other disbelievers came after that.
And so it is with His pleasure: His pleasure with the believers who came before is not the same as His pleasure with those who came after them. This is a pleasure, and that is a pleasure. Pleasure is renewed by causes, the occurrence of the causes of pleasure. And anger is renewed by causes, the occurrence of the causes of anger. He becomes angry when He wills, and He is pleased when He wills, by the causes that bring about anger and pleasure.
And so it is with speech: He speaks when He wills. He spoke previously, and He spoke with His Prophet and Messenger Moses, and with His Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him), and He spoke with the angels. He commands and forbids, and He continues to speak when He wills . And so it is on the Day of Resurrection, and so He speaks to the people of Paradise. The Messenger says:Sahih al-Bukhari 7443 meaning: on the Day of Resurrection, Sahih al-Bukhari 7443. And this is the meaning of His saying: [Al-Anbiya: 2], meaning: a new speech after the first speech, and after the first book.
So the "new" is of two kinds: a new thing that came after what preceded it, and a new thing of creation and bringing into existence. So the bringing into existence of created things, one after another, is creation. And the revelation of the Torah and the Gospel after the revelation of the scrolls to Ibrahim is a new revelation, and new speech. And the revelation of the Qur'an to Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) is a new revelation, a new Qur'an, and new speech, not the speech that was revealed to Moses and to 'Isa.
So one should be attentive to this and know this. And all of this does not contradict that they are attributes of Allah (may He be exalted) and (may He be exalted) .
Q: Is this in the eternal past?
The Shaykh: No, the kind of speech is in the eternal past. As for the Torah, it came after that, and the Gospel came after that, and the Qur'an came after that. And the speech of Allah on the Day of Resurrection when He says: is new speech. His speech with people on the Day of Resurrection when He speaks to them, rewards them, and asks them about their deeds, and His speech with the people of Paradise: and so on.
The questioner says: We have heard people say that the Qur'an is the speech of Allah, ancient in its kind but new in its instances. What does this mean?
Answer:
The speech of Allah is among His attributes, (Exalted and Majestic is He), such as His anger, His pleasure, His mercy, and His knowledge. It is not created; rather, Allah with His attributes is the Creator, and everything other than Him is created.
His speech, (Exalted and Majestic is He), is ancient in its kind; He has never ceased to be a Speaker , but it is new in its types. So His speech to Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) is not the same as His speech to Moses, after Moses, and so on is His speech to people on the Day of Resurrection, and His speech to the people of Paradise:
O people of Paradise, are you pleased?
يا أهلها، هل رضيتُم؟So the attributes of Allah, (Exalted and Majestic is He), are ancient in their kind and new in their instances. Likewise, His anger with the people of Lut came after His anger with the people of Nuh, the people of 'Ad, and the people of Thamud; it was a new, different anger, not the same as His anger with those earlier groups. And His anger with Pharaoh and his group came after His anger with the people of Hud, the people of Salih, the people of Lut, and the people of Shu'ayb. And so on is His anger with Quraysh and the great slaughter that befell them on the Day of Badr. All of this was due to their disbelief, their misguidance, and the anger of Allah upon them. And so on is His anger with whoever disobeys Him up to this day. Whoever disobeys Him and contradicts His command, He becomes angry with him, as the Exalted said:
But whoever kills a believer intentionally - his recompense is Hell, wherein he will abide eternally, and Allah has become angry with him and has cursed him and has prepared for him a great punishment.
وَمَنْ يَقْتُلْ مُؤْمِنًا مُتَعَمِّدًا فَجَزَاؤُهُ جَهَنَّمُ خَالِدًا فِيهَا وَغَضِبَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَلَعَنَهُ وَأَعَدَّ لَهُ عَذَابًا عَظِيمًاThe kind of speech is ancient, the kind of pleasure is ancient, the kind of anger is ancient. Our Lord has never ceased to be a Speaker, becoming angry with whoever disobeys Him, being pleased with whoever obeys Him, showing mercy to whom He wills, and punishing whom He wills. But these attributes are renewed. So His anger with Pharaoh came after His anger with the people of Nuh, the people of Hud, and the people of Salih, and so on. And His anger with those who committed shirk (associating partners with Allah) and disbelief among the Jews and Christians came after that. And His anger with the disbelievers of Quraysh and other disbelievers came after that.
And so it is with His pleasure: His pleasure with the believers who came before is not the same as His pleasure with those who came after them. This is a pleasure, and that is a pleasure. Pleasure is renewed by causes, the occurrence of the causes of pleasure. And anger is renewed by causes, the occurrence of the causes of anger. He becomes angry when He wills, and He is pleased when He wills, by the causes that bring about anger and pleasure.
And so it is with speech: He speaks when He wills. He spoke previously, and He spoke with His Prophet and Messenger Moses, and with His Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him), and He spoke with the angels. He commands and forbids, and He continues to speak when He wills . And so it is on the Day of Resurrection, and so He speaks to the people of Paradise. The Messenger says:
There will be none among you but his Lord will speak to him
ما منكم من أحدٍ إلا سيُكلِّمه ربُّهThere will be none among you but his Lord will speak to him, and there will be no interpreter between them
ما منكم من أحدٍ إلا سيُكلِّمه ربُّه، ليس بينه وبينه ترجمانNo mention comes to them anew from their Lord
مَا يَأْتِيهِمْ مِنْ ذِكْرٍ مِنْ رَبِّهِمْ مُحْدَثٍSo the "new" is of two kinds: a new thing that came after what preceded it, and a new thing of creation and bringing into existence. So the bringing into existence of created things, one after another, is creation. And the revelation of the Torah and the Gospel after the revelation of the scrolls to Ibrahim is a new revelation, and new speech. And the revelation of the Qur'an to Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) is a new revelation, a new Qur'an, and new speech, not the speech that was revealed to Moses and to 'Isa.
So one should be attentive to this and know this. And all of this does not contradict that they are attributes of Allah (may He be exalted) and (may He be exalted) .
Q: Is this in the eternal past?
The Shaykh: No, the kind of speech is in the eternal past. As for the Torah, it came after that, and the Gospel came after that, and the Qur'an came after that. And the speech of Allah on the Day of Resurrection when He says:
O Adam, bring out the group of the Fire
يا آدم، أخرج بعثَ النارAre you pleased?
هل رضيتُم
Source
binbaz.org.sa
The Arabic text is copied verbatim from the original source, without any edits.
